Viagra (sildenafil citrate) ndi mankhwala ena angapo a erectile (ED) akukayikira kuti nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kumvetsetsa, ngakhale kuti kugwirizanitsa kukuwerengabebe ndipo sudziwika bwino.
Panthawi yomwe Viagra inavomerezedwa, mu 1998, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) adapeza kuti anthu asanu mwa anthu 25,000 amagwiritsa ntchito Viagra m'mayesero a zachipatala omwe adayamba kumva .
Ichi ndi chiŵerengero chochepa, chifukwa chake chenjezo lakumva kutayika sikunali lodziwika kwambiri panthawi yomwe anthu akuvomerezeka.
Komabe, pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2007 a FDA anayamba kuwona zochitika zambiri zowonongeka kwa anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito Viagra ndi mankhwala ena a ED omwe ali m'gulu la inhibitor ya phosphodiesterase Type 5 (PDE5). Mankhwala ena a PDE5 ndi Levitra (vardenafil) ndi Cialis (tadalafil).
Kufufuza kachitidwe kachisokonezo chodziwika, FDA inapeza milandu 29 ya kutaya mwadzidzidzi kumapeto kwa masiku atatu a mlingo wotsiriza wa odwala PDE5. Mtundu wa kumva kutayika kunkachitika kawiri kaŵirikawiri kutayika kwakumva kwakumvetsera kwapadera kapena kopanda malire kumvetsera. Nthaŵi zina tinnitus ndi chizungulire zimakhudzidwa.
Zochitika khumi ndi zisanu ndi zisanu mwa khumi ndi zisanu ndi zinai (29) zomwe zinawonetseratu zovuta zina zogwirizana ndi Viagra makamaka. Panthawi zisanu, chidziwitso chadzidzidzi chinachitika pambuyo pa Viagra yoyamba. Anthu asanu ndi anayi amamvetsera limodzi ndipo munthu mmodzi anali ndi vuto lakumvetsera.
Anthu asanu ndi atatu (8) mwa anthu khumi ndi asanu (15) aliwonse anali ndi "kumva" kumva kwa anthu ndipo anthu anai amamva pang'ono.
Malamulowa sangathe kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi ziwalo za PDE5 chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zinthu zina, monga msinkhu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Komabe, a FDA adawoneka okhudzidwa kwambiri kuti asafune kusinthira mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti atchere khutu kwambiri pa zomwe zingatheke kumvetsera.
Mungathe kukopera mfundo izi ku webusaiti ya FDA.
The FDA amachenjeza kuti ngati mutayamba kumva kumvetsera pamene ali ndi Viagra kapena mankhwala ofanana, muyenera kusiya nthawi yomweyo kuti mutenge mankhwalawa. Mofananamo, madokotala omwe amazindikira kuti odwala awo akukumana ndi vuto lakumvetsera pamene akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ayenera kuwachenjeza kuti asiye kuwatenga.
Maphunziro a Lab
Kodi zikhoza kutsimikiziridwa kuti Viagra kwenikweni amachititsa kumva anthu? Akatswiri ena akuyesera kuti adziwe. Ofufuza ku South Korea anachita phunziro la mbewa zamphongo zomwe zinali masabata asanu ndi awiri. Kwa masiku 105 ena a mbewa anapatsidwa mlingo waukulu wa Viagra. Nthata zina sizinawapatse Viagra iliyonse ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gulu lolamulira poyerekeza. Magulu onse awiriwa anali ndi mayesero omvetsera asanayambe kuphunzira komanso masiku asanu, 10, 15, 25, 35, 105 ndi 135.
Kumvetsera kwawo kunayesedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mayankho a brainory ndi otoacoustic emissions. Zomwe amachititsa kuti ubongo uziyankhidwa. Kuchokera kwa otoacoustic ndi mayendedwe osafooka omwe amamveka ndi khutu atamva phokoso. Zotsatirazo zinasonyeza kuti mlingo waukulu wa Viagra unachulukitsa kumbuyo kwakumvetsera kwa kayendedwe ka machitidwe a ubongo.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti phokoso liyenera kukhala lofuula kuti lipange yankho. Kuonjezera apo, mpweya wa otoacoustic unali wosiyana pakati pa mbewa zapamwamba kwambiri ndi mbewa zoyenera pamene mankhwala anaperekedwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Ofufuzawo anapeza kuti mankhwala apamwamba komanso mankhwala a nthawi yaitali angayambitse kumva kumva m'magulu. Kodi zotsatira zofanana zimachitika mwa anthu? Ofufuzawa anatchula chitsanzo cha mwamuna wazaka 44 yemwe anamva kwambiri atamva kumwa Viagra pa 50 milligrams tsiku kwa masiku 15.
Ngakhale kuti sizinatsimikizidwe kuti Viagra ndi mankhwala ena a PDE5 amachititsa kuti anthu amve kulakwa, umboni wa mgwirizano ukupitiriza kubwera.
Kuyanjana uku kumathandizidwa ndi maphunziro a nyama ngati omwe ali pamwambapa. Pakalipano, umboni umene ulipo ukusonyeza kuti chiwerengerochi n'chochepa, koma asayansi akupitiriza kufufuza kufufuza kwina.
Zotsatira:
Bin Na Hong, Tae Hoo Yi, Sun Yeou Kim ndi Tong Ho Kang, "Mkulu Waukulu Sildenafil Amafuna Kumva Kuwonongeka M'magulu", Biol. Pharm. Bull., Vol. 31, 1981-1984 (2008).
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Erectile ndi kutayika mwadzidzidzi. (VUMBULUTSO! Zowonjezera Zowonjezera za FDA Zomwe Akudziwa za Audiology) Masiku ano. Nov-Dec 2007 v19 i6 p53 (1).
Zolembera zamatenda za Viagra. Idapezeka kudzera pa http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/drugsatfda/index.cfm
Mauthenga oteteza mankhwala osokoneza bongo a Postmarket kwa odwala ndi opereka. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm124841.htm