Zojambula zamasamba zimapangidwa kuti ziteteze khungu lanu padzuwa, kutulutsa mawonekedwe oipa a ultraviolet . Iwo akadali oyamba komanso abwino kwambiri kutetezera kusakalamba msanga kuchokera ku dzuwa, koma ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingatengeke kuti ndi okalamba ?
Maswiti a dzuwa amatha kuteteza mitundu itatu ya kuwonongeka kwa dzuwa:
- Kutentha kwa dzuwa
- Khansara ya khungu
- Kusakalamba msinkhu
Kaya mavitamini ndi lotions angakuthandizeni kupeŵa makwinya, mawanga okalamba, ndi zizindikiro zina za ukalamba usanafike msinkhu zimadalira mtundu wa ma radivioti omwe amaletsa.
Mitundu ya Mawotchi a UV
Mazira a ultraviolet ali ndi mitundu itatu ya ma radiation:
Ngakhale kuti UVA ndi UVB zimathandiza kuti khungu liwonongeke, mazira a UVA amadziwika kuti amakalamba msanga. Izi zimapangitsa kuti makwinya asinthe, kusintha kwa khungu, komanso kusakanikirana. UVB makamaka amayambitsa khungu loyaka.
Kupewa Kukalamba Khungu
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, kufufuza kochepa ngati sunscreen imalepheretsa kuti munthu azikalamba kisanafike chaka cha 2013, kusonyeza kuti ntchito yozizira ya dzuwa imachepetsa kapena imalepheretsa khungu lakale (kupatula mbewa zopanda tsitsi).
Kuti aone ngati kuteteza kwa dzuwa kumathandiza kuti anthu asamamveke, ofufuza a ku Australia anachita mayesero osagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsa ntchito deta kuchokera ku Nambour Skin Cancer Prevention Trial. Lofalitsidwa mu Annals of Internal Medicine , phunziroli linafanizira maphunziro okwana 903 ogawidwa m'magulu anayi:
- Amene akulangizidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa pamutu, pamutu, mikono, ndi manja mmawa uliwonse (komanso kachiwiri atatha thukuta kapena kusamba)
- Anthu omwe angagwiritse ntchito mawindo omwe amawotchera dzuwa ngati akufuna
- Ophunzira akulandira kuthandizira kwa beta-carotene tsiku lililonse
- Iwo omwe anapatsidwa thandizo la placebo
Pambuyo pa zaka zinayi ndi theka, ochita kafukufuku anafufuza zojambula za latex zomwe zinachokera kumbuyo kwa nkhanizo. Pambuyo pokonzekera zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa dzuwa ndi kusuta (zomwe zingakhalenso khungu la msinkhu wa msinkhu), adapeza kuti anthu akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito nsalu yotchinga ya dzuwa tsiku ndi tsiku amasonyeza "kuwonjezeka kosaoneka" mu ukalamba.
Kuwonjezera apo, ukalamba wamtundu-monga khungu wochulukirapo komanso kukwinya kwambili-panthawi yophunzira umapezeka kuti ndi 24 peresenti yochepa pakati pa maphunziro a gulu la tsiku ndi tsiku loyerekeza ndi dzuwa poyerekeza ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zowonetsera zowonongeka pamutu wokhazikika. Kuonjezera ndi beta-carotene kunalibe zotsatirapo zonse pa ukalamba.
Mawu Ochokera
Pofuna kupewa kutaya msanga khungu lanu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito khungu la dzuwa lotchedwa "masewera ambiri." Izi zikutanthauza kuti imatulutsa mazira a UVA ndi UVB, mosiyana ndi dzuwa loteteza ( SPF ) lomwe limapangidwira kutentha mazira a UVB. Pofika chaka cha 2012, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) amafuna opanga dzuwa kuti aziwonetsa ngati mankhwalawa amapereka chitetezo chokwanira.
The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) imalimbikitsa kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi SPF yokwana 30. Komanso dziwani zitsulo zopangira dzuwa. Zosakaniza zomwe zimatsanulira mazira a UVA makamaka Avobenzone (Parsol 1789) ndi Benzophenones. Zosakaniza zowononga mazira a UVB ndi PABA, sinamates, ndi salicylates.
Chilichonse chomwe mungasankhe chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta (pafupifupi 1 ml kapena 15 ml) komanso kawirikawiri (maola awiri kapena awiri). Popeza palibe mawindo a dzuwa otsekemera, muyenera kupempha mutatha kusambira kapena zinthu zomwe zimakupangitsani thukuta.
Kuonjezera apo, AAD ndi mabungwe ena azaumoyo amalimbikitsa kuti asatuluke dzuŵa nthawi yayitali-nthawi ya 10am mpaka 2 koloko masana - ndi zina zotero monga kuvala zovala zoteteza kuti asamakalamba msanga, kutentha kwa dzuwa, ndi khansa ya khungu.
> Zotsatira:
> FDA Sheds Kuwala pa Zisanu. US Food and Drug Administration Public Information Sheet. July 15, 2013.
> Hughes, Maria Celia B; Williams, Gail M; Baker, Peter; Green, Adèle C. "Kutsegula kwa dzuwa ndi Kuteteza Khungu Lakula, Kuyesedwa Kwambiri". Annals of Internal Medicine. 06/2013; 158 (11): 781-790.
> Masewera a Sunscreen. Chidziwitso Chodziwika Padziko Lonse ku American Academy of Dermatology. July 15, 2013.