Zifukwa za IBD Zikhoza Kuphatikiza Ma Genetics ndi Mazingira
Asayansi sadziŵa chomwe chimayambitsa matenda opatsirana (IBD) , omwe ali ndi ulcerative colitis, matenda a Crohn, ndi matenda otsekemera. Amatengedwa ngati matenda a "idiopathic" kapena matenda omwe alibe chifukwa. Komabe, pali ziphunzitso zingapo zokhudzana ndi chiyambi cha IBD, komanso zomwe zingathandize kuti chiyambike.
Sitikudziŵa chomwe chimayambitsa IBD, komabe, tili ndi zidziwitso, ndi mfundo zambiri. Kawirikawiri amaganiza kuti pali chibadwa cha IBD, ndipo kuti chinachake (kapena zoposa zina) m'deralo zimakhudza majini omwe akugwirizana ndi IBD. Izi zikhoza "kuyambitsa" IBD, ndi kukhala chiyambi cha zizindikiro. Ngakhale kuti ofufuza aphunzira zambiri za majini amene angakhale nawo ndi IBD, ndilo gawo lovuta kwambiri kuti likhale pansi. Panopa ndikuganiziranso kuti pangakhale mazana angapo a IBD, ngakhale kuti tikugwiritsabe ntchito m'magulu atatu kuti tiwachitire mankhwala. Apo, pangakhale, pangakhalenso zikwi mazana kapena zikwi zoyambitsa. Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza pazifukwa zingapo za chifukwa chake anthu ena omwe ali ndi majeremusi a IBD amapanga IBD ndipo ena samatero.
Genetics ndi IBD
Zaka zapitazo, zinkaganiziridwa kuti IBD ikhoza kuyenda m'mabanja, koma mgwirizanowu unkawoneka ngati wovuta chifukwa sizinali zowoneka bwino kwa mwana, monga momwe zilili ndi zinthu zina zomwe anabadwa nazo.
Ndi kutulukira kwa majini zana omwe angakhale nawo ndi IBD, zakhala zikuonekeratu kuti pali chigawo cholowa cha IBD. Chibale choyamba cha anthu omwe ali ndi IBD amakhala odwala kwambiri. Komabe, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi IBD alibe mbiri ya banja , kotero sikuti aliyense ali ndi wachibale yemwe ali ndi matendawa.
Choncho ngakhale kuti IBD imayendetsa bwino m'mabanja, sizinthu zokha zomwe zingaganizidwe poyang'ana zomwe zingayambitse IBD. Payenera kukhala china chake chomwe chikupangitsa anthu ena kukhala ndi majini omwewo akukula IBD, pamene ena samatero.
IBD's Inflammatory Response
Nthawi zambiri IBD imatchedwa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asatenge thupi , matenda omwe amachititsidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, koma ndizomveka kunena kuti ndizoyankhidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi. Zowonongeka kwa nyengo-nthawi yamasika kapena yophukira-nthawi zina zimachitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IBD. Nthano imodzi ndi yakuti iyi ndi yankho lokhazikitsidwa ndi IgE-mediated reaction .
Yankho losavomerezeka limayambitsa zochitika zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti muyambe kupitirira ma eosinophils (maselo omwe amayesayesa kulimbana ndi mavuto) mu thupi. Mapuloteni ameneŵa amamasula mankhwala anayi a poizoni, atatu mwa ameneŵa amapezeka m'magulu ambiri a ogwira ntchito a IBD. Izi zimapangitsa ochita kafukufuku kuganiza kuti zotsatira zowonjezereka zingakhale ndi mbali yopititsa patsogolo IBD.
Makina a Cytokines
Gawo lina lolimba la kafukufuku ndilo gawo lomwe ma cytokine amavomereza pakukula kwa IBD. Maselo otchedwa tumor necrosis factor (TNF, kapena nthawi zina amatchedwa tumor necrosis factor-alpha) ali ndi udindo woyang'anira chitetezo cha mthupi, pakati pa ntchito zina.
TNF imapezeka mowonjezereka m'mabedi a anthu omwe ali ndi IBD kusiyana ndi anthu omwe alibe IBD (pogwiritsa ntchito fecal calprotectin test). Kuyambira ndi chivomerezo cha Remicade mu 1998, mankhwala odana ndi TNF (omwe amatchedwa biologics) apangidwa kuti athetsere IBD. Kupambana kwa mankhwalawa kumapangitsa kuti kuganiza kuti TNF imasewera chifukwa cha IBD kapena kutupa kwa IBD.
Zinthu Zachilengedwe mu IBD
Pali zochitika zina zomveka bwino m'magulu a matenda a IBD omwe angagwiritse ntchito chimodzi kapena zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa chilengedwe. IBD imachitika nthawi zambiri m'mayiko otukuka komanso pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chapamwamba.
IBD imakhalanso nthawi zambiri m'midzi ya m'mayiko otukuka. Zifukwa izi zachititsa akatswiri kuganiza kuti pangakhale mgwirizano pakati pa IBD ndi moyo kapena chikhalidwe cha anthu okhala m'mayiko otukuka, ngakhale kuti palibe amene amadziwa zomwe zingakhalepo.
Wina amaganiza kuti mayiko odzikuza ali "oyeretsa" , ndipo chifukwa ana ndi achinyamata ali ndi mabakiteriya ocheperapo, ma chitetezo cha mthupi awo sangakhale okwanira, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osadziwika.
Chidziwitso Chochokera
Sitikudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa IBD, koma tikudziwa kuti sichifukwa cha zakudya kapena nkhawa. Mwachiwonekere, chibadwa chimayambira m'mabanja, koma ndi gawo lachiwiri, chinachake chozungulira ife chomwe "chikuyambitsa" majini omwe akuwoneka ovuta kupeza. Uthenga wabwino ndikuti tikudziwa zambiri tsopano za IBD kuposa momwe tinachitira ngakhale zaka khumi zapitazo. Kafukufuku wambiri akuchitidwa, ndipo asayansi akuyandikira kwambiri kuti adziwe mmene tingachitire matendawa mogwira mtima ndikuwateteza m'mibadwo yotsatira.
Zotsatira:
Bernstein CN, Fried M, Krabshuis JH, et al. "Gastroenterology Organisation Organisation Guide Gwiritsani Ntchito Malangizo Othandiza Kuzindikira ndi Kusamalira IBD mu 2010." Chithunzi ; 16: 112-124.
Crohn's ndi Colitis Foundation ya America. "Za Epidemiology ya IBD." CCFA.org 2009.
National Institute of Diabetes ndi Matenda a Kumimba ndi Impso. "Ulcerative Colitis." National Institutes of Health Feb 2006.
Peterson CG, Sangfelt P, Wagner M, Hansson T, Lettesjö H, Carlson M. "Maseŵera a ma lekocyte amasonyeza kuti matendawa ndi odwala omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba." Scand J Clin Lab Invest 2007; 67: 810-820.
Saitoh O, Kojima K, Sugi K, Matsuse R, et al. "Mapuloteni omwe amachokera ku Fecal amagwiritsa ntchito matenda opatsirana m'mimba." Am J Gastroenterol 1999 Dec; 94: 3513-3520.
Stensen WF, Snapper SB. " Mavuto mu Research IBD: Kuyendera Mapambidwe ndi Kufufuza Research Agenda ." Mwezi wa 2008; 14: 687-708.