Matenda osokoneza bongo
Myasthenia gravis ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Kawirikawiri, chitetezo cha mthupi chimapangitsa ma antibodies kugonjetsa majeremusi omwe amapha thupi. "Kudzipangidwira" kumatanthauza kuti chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chimakhala chopweteka ndipo chimayambitsa ma antibodies omwe amaukira maselo a munthuyo. Mu myasthenia gravis, ma antibodies amalepheretsa kufalitsa zizindikiro za mitsempha ku minofu.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, minofu siilandira chizindikiro kuchokera m'mitsempha kuti isamuke.
Ndani Ali Pangozi?
Myasthenia gravis sichibadwa, ndipo sichilandira. Siziwonekeratu chifukwa chake anthu amayamba matendawa, ngakhale kuti ochita kafukufuku ena amakhulupirira kuti akhoza kukhala ndi vutoli. Ku United States, anthu pafupifupi 14 mwa 100,000 alionse amayamba myasthenia gravis, ngakhale kuti ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti manambalawa ndi apamwamba chifukwa chakuti matendawa sapezeka bwino. Kwa amayi, matendawa amayamba zaka 20 ndi 30; kwa amuna, kawirikawiri pambuyo pa zaka 50.
Zizindikiro
Kawirikawiri, munthu adzakhala ndi zofooka za minofu osati kufooka kwathunthu kapena kutopa. Mafupa omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi awa:
- Mankhwala otsekemera (chizindikiro choyamba mwa 2/3 mwa odwala onse)
- Mlomo uli wofooka, womwe umatsogolera ku vuto kutcha, kumeza, kapena kuyankhula (chizindikiro choyamba mu 1/6 mwa odwala)
- Chida kapena zofooka za m'mapazi (zochepa ngati chizindikiro choyamba)
Chodziwitso chimodzi ndi chakuti kufooka kumasiyanasiyana tsiku lonse, nthawi zambiri kukhala wofatsa pamene munthu akuwuka koma akuipiraipira pamene tsiku likupitirira, makamaka ngati munthuyo akugwiritsa ntchito minofu yowopsya kwambiri. Kufooka uku ndi kosiyana ndi, mwachitsanzo, kutopa kumene wina angamve mu miyendo yake atayima kapena kugwira ntchito tsiku lonse.
"Kufooka" kukutanthauza kuti osakhoza kusunthira, kapena kuti sangathe kusunthira, minofu inayake.
Zinthu zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu ikhale yovuta kwambiri ndikumangokhalira kukwiya, kukhala wodwala (makamaka matenda opatsirana opuma), mavuto a chithokomiro , kutentha kwa thupi, kusamba, ndi mimba.
Kudziwa
Ngati munthu ali ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimasonyeza kuti akhoza kukhala ndi myasthenia gravis, pali mayesero omwe angachitidwe kuti atsimikizire. Mayesero apadera kwambiri ndi kuyang'ana magazi kuti akhalepo ndi ma antibodies osalimba pogwiritsa ntchito acetylcholine receptor antibody test. Kukhalapo kwa ma antibodies kumatsimikizira kuti akudwala matendawa.
Mayeso ena odalirika ndi mayeso a edrophonium chloride (mayeso a Tensilon). Kachilombo kameneka kamayikidwa mu mitsempha, ndipo ngati mphamvu ya minofu ikupita patsogolo itaperekedwa, imathandizira kuti mupeze matenda. Komabe, nthawi zina mayesero amodzi kapena awiriwa ndi oipa kapena osamveka bwino kwa wina yemwe amawoneka ngati ali ndi myasthenia gravis.
Chithandizo
Mankhwala ochiritsira a myasthenia gravis ndi awa:
- Mankhwala monga Mestinon (pyridostigmine bromide) ndi Prostigmin (neostigmine bromide)
- Mankhwala a corticosteroid monga prednisone
- Mankhwala omwe amaletsa chitetezo cha mthupi, monga Imuran (azathioprine) ndi cyclosporine
- Kuchotsa thymus gland (thymectomy), chimbudzi chachikulu mu chitetezo cha mthupi
- Kusinthanitsa kwa plasma (plasmapheresis), momwe magazi a munthu amene ali ndi ma antibodies osalimba amachotsedwa ndipo plasma yatsopano imabwezeretsedwa
Malingaliro a Nthawi Zakale
Anthu omwe ali ndi myasthenia gravis amatha kutsogolera miyoyo yonse. Nthawi zina kufooka kwa minofu kumatsimikizira kuti sichikhala vuto (kutchedwa kukhululukira mwachangu). Kwa anthu ena, kufooka kumangokhala m'maso. Kwa ena, zofooka zimapita patsogolo ndikukhala pamtunda umenewo. Kawirikawiri, ndipo kawirikawiri m'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira za matendawa, zofooka zingapitirire ku minofu yomwe imalamulira kupuma, ndipo munthuyo ayenera kupita kuchipatala.
Palibe mankhwala a myasthenia gravis, koma mankhwalawa amakhala othandiza kuchepetsa mavuto ake.
Akatswiri ofufuza chithandizo cha matendawa akuyang'ana kuthetsa vutoli mu chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimapanga ma antibodies osalimba. Ochita kafukufuku akufufuzanso mndandanda wa zochitika m'thupi lomwe limapezeka ndi kumasulidwa kwa ma antibodies, kuti awone ngati angathe kusokoneza njirayo ndikuletsa ma antibodies kuti awathetse mavuto.
Chitsime:
> "Kodi Myasthenia Gravis ndi chiyani?" About Myasthenia Gravis. 15 Feb 2007. Myasthenia Gravis Foundation ya America.