Machitidwe azaumoyo ndi odwala ku US akhala akulimbana ndi kukwera mtengo. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, adakhala ndi kusoŵa kwa madokotala oyang'anira chisamaliro , omwe amaima patsogolo pa chisamaliro cha odwala.
Zowonjezereka zowonjezera ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito pamodzi ndi kufunika kofunikira kwa opereka chithandizo chophunzitsidwa bwino zawonjezera mwayi wothandizira wathanzi masiku ano.
Mapulogalamu ambiri azaumoyo ku US akugwiritsa ntchito dokotala akuwonjezera kuti athandize odwala ndi zosowa zawo. Amatha kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha odwala omwe angawoneke, kuwonjezera mautumiki omwe amaperekedwa ndikukwaniritsa chisangalalo cha odwala.
Kodi Extender Dokotala Ndi Chiyani?
Mwina simukudziwa bwino mawu akuti "dokotala wotchuka," koma mwinamwake mwamvapo za asing'anga, othandizira madokotala, komanso azamba. Angathenso kutchedwa otsogolera pakati, ngakhale kuti mawuwa sakugonjetsedwa. Mawu akuti dokotala wotchedwa Extender ndi otchuka kwambiri-onse omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi akatswiri azachipatala kufotokoza opereka omwe angakuthandizeni ndi zosowa zanu zazowonjezera kuphatikizapo kapena m'malo mwa dokotala.
Pali maudindo awiri oyambirira omwe opereka chithandizo chachipatala amafuna dokotala akukulitsa kudzaza: adokotala ndi othandizira dokotala.
Namwino Ogwira Ntchito (NPs)
Namwino aphunzitsi adalandira maphunziro apamwamba m'minda ya zaumoyo zomwe zikuphatikizapo chisamaliro chapadera koma angaphatikizepo zambiri zapadera.
NPs amapereka chithandizo chapamwamba chapamwamba chopatsidwa maphunziro awo apamwamba, ndipo ali ndi ufulu wambiri wodzitetezera ndi mphamvu zambiri kuposa anamwino ena, monga anamwino olembetsa (RN). Amatha kuchita okhaokha m'madera ena, kupeza ndi kuchiza odwala, kapena angagwire ntchito limodzi ndi dokotala kuchipatala kapena mtundu wina.
Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito zachipatala, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito ku inshuwalansi ku US kutsata kukhazikitsidwa kwa kusintha kwa thanzi, asayansi akuwona kuti anthu ambiri akudziwika kuyambira pachigawo cha ACA mu 2010.
Mungapeze tsatanetsatane wowonjezereka wa asing'anga apa. Pali kusiyana pakati pa anamwino ndi asing'anga .
Mufunanso kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake a namwino ena amatsutsa kugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "dokotala extender" pamene amagwiritsidwa ntchito powafotokozera.
Othandizira Amankhwala (PAs)
A PA ali ndi chilolezo chochita mankhwala poyang'anira madokotala kapena zipatala. Amatha kupeza chithandizo ndi kuchiza odwala, kupereka mankhwala, ndipo ena angakhale othandizira opaleshoni.
Madokotala othandizira ali atsopano ku malo owonetsera thanzi la America, ndi mizu mu nyengo ya pambuyo pa Vietnam pamene kunali kusowa kwa madokotala ku United States. Kulephera kwamakono kwa madokotala kwatsitsimutsa kufunikira kwa PAs, yomwe ikhoza kuphunzitsidwa kanthawi kochepa kuposa MDs. Maphunziro awo amafunika digiri ya bachelor, kuphatikiza zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu za maphunziro ena omwe amachititsa digiri yoyenera. Akhazikitsidwa kuti azikhala ndi maphunziro apamwamba pa ntchito zawo zonse, zomwe zimaphatikizapo kupitiriza maphunziro a maphunziro, ndipo nthawi zonse amatumizidwa ku luso lawo la zamankhwala.
PAs ali ovomerezedwa ndi bungwe lovomerezeka la Commission of Education for the Physician Assistant (ARC-PA).