Kutanthauzira kuthamanga kwa magazi kuwerengera ana n'kovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi akuluakulu. Ngakhale kuti kuthamanga kwa magazi kwakukulu kumawerengeka mosavuta ndi zofalitsa zokha zofalitsidwa pa zomwe zimawoneka ngati zachilendo ndi zachilendo, kufanana kosavuta koteroko sikutheka kwa ana. Chifukwa matupi a ana amasintha mwamsanga msinkhu wa moyo, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawerengedwa kuti kukhale kutalika, zaka, kulemera, ndi chiwerewere.
Kuwerenga kumeneku kumafanizidwa ndi matebulo ovuta omwe amalembetsa "mapepala a percentile." Mtundu wa pentiletiki umauza dokotala momwe kuyeza kwa magazi kukuyerekeza ndi ana ena mwa kuyang'ana kukhwima kwa magazi omwe akuwerengedwa kuchokera kwa mamiliyoni a ana awo.
Mwachitsanzo, ngati dokotala akukuuzani kuti magazi a mwana wanu ali pa 65th percentile, izo zikutanthawuza 35% ya ana a msinkhu umodzi, kutalika, kulemera, ndi chiwerewere ali ndi mphamvu yapamwamba ya magazi kuposa mwana wanu. Pazinthu zambiri, zovuta za magazi kuyambira pafupifupi 50 mpaka 90 peresenti zimaonedwa kuti zili zosiyana, pamene chiwerengero chapamwamba kapena chochepa chikhoza kusonyeza kufunika kwa chithandizo chamankhwala.
Mmene Mungatanthauzire Kutsekula kwa Magazi Kuwerengedwa kwa Magazi
Centers for Disease Control (CDC) imasunga deta yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mavoti ovomerezeka a blood pressure percentile, ndipo zonsezi zimapezeka kwaulere kwa anthu.
Zomwe munthu amayendera, kutalika, ndi chiwerengero cha thupi (BMI) zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapepala a percentile amapezekanso potsatsa (PDF Format):
- Kutalika ndi Zakale Zakale
- Anyamata
- Atsikana
- Kulemera kwa Zaka Zakale
- Anyamata
- Atsikana
- BMI ndi Zolemba Zakale
- Anyamata
- Atsikana
Deta yofiirayi imasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zambiri za sayansi ndi zamakono zomwe zimadziwika kuti National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), zidzakuwonetsani momwe ziwerengero za mwana wanu zikufanana ndi dziko lonse la United States.
Komabe, zowonjezera zowonjezereka ndizozigawo zowonjezera za magazi zotsatizana zamatsenga zomwe zalembedwa pogwiritsa ntchito deta yaiwisi ya NHANES. Mapulogalamu a magazi opangidwa ndi mapepala a percentile amapezeka potsatsa pazowonjezereka pansipa:
- Chithandizo Chakumayi Chakumverera Kwa Magazi - Anyamata
- Chitsimikizo Chachipata Chapa Chakumverera Kwa Magazi - Atsikana
Kuti mugwiritse ntchito ndondomeko yoyenera, choyamba, onetsetsani kuti mwasankha chithunzi choyenera cha amuna kapena akazi. Sakanizani chingwe chotsalira kwambiri kumanzere kuti mupeze mzere wofanana ndi msinkhu wa mwana wanu. Zindikirani kuti m'badwo uliwonse uli ndi mizere yapadera ya kuthamanga magazi kwa 90 ndi 95th percentile. Mizere yowunikira iliyonse imaimira kutalika kwa percentile. Kuphatikizira khola lazitali ndi 90 kapena 95th percentile zaka zenizeni zowonjezera mzere wa magazi zimakuwonetsani kuwerengeka kwa nthendayi ya magazi percentile.
Izi zimawoneka zovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe zilili. Tiyeni tiyesere chitsanzo. Nenani kuti muli ndi mwana wazaka 4 yemwe ndi wamtalika masentimita 40, kapena pafupifupi 3.5ft). Choyamba muwone kutalika kwa CDC ndi tchati cha zaka kuti mupeze kutalika kwa mwana wanu percentile. Mnyamata wazaka 4 yemwe ali wamtali 103cm adzakhala pafupifupi mamita 75 pa percentile (onetsetsani kuti msinkhu ndi msinkhu zimadutsana bwanji ndikusankha mphika wapafupi).
Tsopano, pogwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko ya magazi ya pepala lopangira magazi, mungapezeko zinthu zamtengo wapatali zapakati pa 90 ndi 95th percentile m'magazi a mwana wazaka 4 yemwe ali ndi zaka makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kugwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko ya magazi kumapereka mfundo izi kwa chitsanzo chathu mwana:
- 90th percentile magazi = 109/65
- 95th percentile magazi = 113/69
Yesetsani kuchita zovuta zapakati pa 90 ndi 95 zowonjezera magazi za zitsanzo izi (mayankho kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi):
- Mnyamata wazaka 10 mukumtunda kwa 90 pa percentile
- Mtsikana wazaka zisanu amene ali wamtali wa 116cm
Mutagwira ntchito ndi zilembozi, mukuwona kuti kufanana ndizomwe mukufunikira kungakhale kovuta.
Ngakhale kuti njirayi sivuta kwambiri, ikhoza kukhala yosokoneza komanso nthawi yambiri. Pazifukwazi, ndibwino kusiya ntchito kuti mudziwe kutanthauzira kwa mwana wanu kuti azithamanga magazi kwa mwana wathanzi.
Mayankho a Chitsanzo Mafunso:
Mnyamata wazaka 10 wokhala ndi mphindi 90 pa percentile:
- Mpweya wa Percentile wa Magazi = 118/77
- 95th percentile magazi = 122/81
Mtsikana wazaka zisanu amene ali wamtali wa 116cm:
- Kutalika Percentile = 95
- Mpweya wa Percentile wa Magazi = 109/69
- 95th percentile magazi = 113/73
Zotsatira
> Kafukufuku Wachitatu wa Zaumoyo ndi Za Nutrition, 1988-1994.
http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/elec_prods/subject/nhanes3.htm
> Lurbe, E, Sorof, JM, Daniels, SR. Kachipatala ndi kafukufuku amachititsa kuti ana ayambe kufufuza magazi. J Wachipatala 2004; 144: 7.
> Dasgupta, K, O'Loughlin, J, Chen, S, et al. Kusiyana kwa kusiyana kwa kugonana ndi kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi: kutengera khungu la achinyamata lautali. Kuyendayenda kwa 2006; 114: 2663.
> Rosner, B, Prineas, RJ, Loggie, JM, Daniels, SR. Kuponderezedwa kwa magazi kwa ana ndi achinyamata, kutalika, kugonana, ndi zaka, ku United States. J wodwala 1993; 123: 871.
> DHHS, PHS, NIH, National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute. Bwerezani ku Report of Task Force (1987) pa Kuthamanga Kwambiri kwa Magazi a Ana ndi Achinyamata: Lipoti la Ogwira Ntchito kuchokera ku National High Blood Pressure Programme. NIH Zolemba 96-3790; 1996; 7-9.