Kumvetsetsa Zolakolako Zonyenga A1C Mayesero mwa Anthu Amene Ali ndi Matenda a Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin ndi shuga zili ndi ubale wokhazikika. Gulusi imasonkhanitsa hemoglobini m'maselo anu ofiira a magazi ndipo imakhala kumeneko kwa miyezi itatu. Kuchuluka kwake kwa shuga ku hemoglobin yanu kumayesedwa mu mayeso a hemoglobin A1c ndipo inati ndi nambala ya EAG. Nambala imeneyi, komabe imakhudzidwa ndi zambiri kuposa shuga wanu wamagazi, komanso kumvetsetsa zigawo zanu ndikofunika kumvetsa mfundo zingapo.
Kodi hemoglobin ndi shuga zimagwirizana bwanji, ndipo mayeso anu a A1c angakhale olakwika liti?
Kodi Hemoglobin ndi chiyani?
Hemoglobin ndi kamolekeni ya mapuloteni m'maselo anu ofiira a m'magazi omwe amanyamula mpweya kuchokera m'mapapu anu kupita mbali zonse za thupi lanu. Pafupifupi oksijeni onse m'magazi anu amapangidwa ku hemoglobini, kotero ndikofunikira kwambiri. Lili ndi chitsulo ndipo ndi chimene chimapangitsa maselo ofiira a magazi ofiira mofiira. Mukakhala ndi "magazi osauka" ndi chifukwa chosakhala ndi hemoglobin yokwanira mumaselo anu ofiira.
Kodi Hemoglobin Imayesedwa Bwanji Kudwala Shuga?
Mukamadya, thupi lanu limathyola zakudya zazikulu mu shuga kapena shuga zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Potsirizira pake kumathera m'magazi anu kotero kuti ikhoza kunyamulidwa ku mbali zonse za thupi lanu. Ena mwa shuga omwe amatha m'magazi anu amamatira ku hemoglobine pa maselo ofiira anu ndipo amakhala pamenepo kwa miyezi itatu. Ambiri a maselo ofiira amabwezeretsanso pambuyo pa miyezi inayi, kotero maselo anu amasonyeza mbiri yakale ya miyezi itatu yapitayo.
Ngati mwasankha shuga m'magazi anu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amachititsa kuti shuga ikhale yogwirizana ndi maselo ofiira. Oposa shuga mumagazi anu, kwambiri shuga imakhudza hemoglobin yanu.
Hemoglobin A1c Test ndi shuga
Kuyezetsa magazi tsiku ndi tsiku ndikofunikira kwambiri mu kayendedwe kake ka shuga.
Koma, mayesowa amapereka chithunzi cha mlingo wa shuga m'magazi panthaŵi ya mayesero. Ola limodzi kenako, zotsatira zingakhale zosiyana. Kafukufuku wotchedwa hemoglobin A1c (kapena glycohemoglobin test) amachititsa kutalika kwa ma shuga poyeza kuchuluka kwa shuga kwa hemoglobin pa moyo wa maselo ofiira a magazi, omwe ali pafupifupi miyezi itatu. Zimayesedwa kuti ndiyezo woyendetsera golide kuti amvetse maulendo ambiri a shuga m'magazi ndipo akulimbikitsidwa ndi bungwe la American Diabetes Association. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati kuyesa kuyesa matenda a shuga.
Hemoglobin Variants Zimakhudza Chiyeso cha A1C
Mayeso a A1c sali olondola kwa anthu okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya haemoglobini. Mayesero ameneŵa apangidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi hemoglobin A, mtundu wambiri wa hemoglobini. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobini imakhala yowonjezera (yobadwa) mwa anthu ambiri a ku Africa, Mediterranean, ndi kum'mawa kwa Asia. Palinso mitundu yosazolowereka ya hemoglobin A. Kawirikawiri hemoglobin imapangidwa ndi maunyolo awiri kapena maunyolo awiri B. Pamene imodzi ya mndandanda ikusowa (chikhalidwe chololedwa) chotsatiracho chimatchedwa thalassemia .
Mitundu ya hemoglobini ikuphatikizapo:
- Hemoglobin S (yomwe imapezeka ndi khalidwe la ngodya)
- Hemoglobin C
- Hemoglobin E
- Hemoglobini F - Hemoglobin F ikuwoneka pa nthawi ya mimba, m'mimba ya mwana ndipo nthawi zina ali ndi pakati.
- Zambiri zosiyana kwambiri monga Hb D kapena G, Hb J, ndi zina
- Hemoglobin ya carbamylated (yomwe imapezeka mwa anthu okhala ndi impso kulephera)
Sikuti mitundu yonse ya hemoglobini imayambitsa matenda, monga momwe imachitira ndi matenda a ngodya, koma ingayambitse zotsatira zabwino ndi test A1c. Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe ali ndi kachidutswa ka ngodya - ali odwala sickle cell koma alibe zizindikiro za matendawa. Komabe, iwo adzawerenga molakwika pa yeseso ya A1c.
Kufunika kwa Mitundu ya Hemoglobin ndi Matenda a Shuga
Ngati muli ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin, ndizotheka kuti mupeze mayeso olakwika pa kafukufuku wa HbA1c ndikukuuzani inu ndi dokotala kuti shuga lanu la magazi ndi lapamwamba kwambiri, ngakhale siliri.
Poyankha izi, mankhwala anu a shuga kapena mlingo wa insulini akhoza kuwonjezeka, kuyesa kubweretsa matenda anu ashuga. Mwatsoka, kuwonjezeka kumeneku kungachititse shuga wotsika kwambiri ( hypoglycemia ) yomwe nthawi zina ingakhale yoopsa ndipo ndidzidzidzi mwachipatala.
Kuwerenga kolakwika kungapangitsenso inu ndi adokotala kukhulupirira kuti muli ndi shuga ngakhale mutakhala. Mankhwala kapena insulini amatha kuyamba, zomwe, monga pamwamba, zingayambitse hypoglycemia. Kusokonezeka maganizo, matenda opatsirana molakwika angakhalenso okhumudwitsa kwambiri, pokhala mukukhulupirira kuti muli ndi vuto lomwe simukulidziwa.
Ndani Angakhale ndi Matenda a Hemoglobin?
Ndani ayenera kuyesedwa kuti awone ngati ali ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin? Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi hemoglobin yosiyana ndi omwe:
- Ndi a ku Africa, Mediterranean, kapena kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia
- Khalani ndi mbiri ya banja la munthu amene ali ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin
- Ngati mukudabwa ndi zotsatira za mayeso anu a A1c (mwachitsanzo, ngati ndipamwamba komanso kuwerenga kwanu kwabwino)
- Ngati kuwerenga kwanu A1c ndikutsika kwambiri
- Ngati mawerengedwe anu a A1c akusintha kwambiri ndi kusintha kwa labu yomwe imayesa mayesero awa
Ngati muli ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin, mukhoza kukhala ndi mayeso a HbA1c. Sikuti mayesero onse amakhudzidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin, ndipo dokotala wanu adzafunika kuyesedwa pamene izi zikuganiziridwa.
Kodi Zimakhala Zofanana Bwanji ndi Hemoglobin Variants?
Phunziro limodzi lalikulu la anthu a ku North America amitundu yambiri, anthu 3,77 peresenti anapezeka ali ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin. Mwa izi, zosiyanasiyana zidaphatikizapo:
- HbS ( chikwangwani cha galasi ) - 2.85 peresenti
- HbSS ( sickle cell disease ) - 0.03 peresenti
- Mkhalidwe wa HbC - 0,61 peresenti
- Matenda a HbCC - 0.01 peresenti
- HbSC - 0.04 peresenti
- HBE - 0.13 peresenti
- HbD kapena G - 0,6 peresenti
- HbS B-thalasemia - 0.1 peresenti
- Kupirira HbF - 0.01 peresenti
- HbMontgomery - 0.01 peresenti
Alfa thalassemia nayenso analipo mu 3.82 peresenti ya omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin.
Zinthu Zina Zimene Zingapereke Homu Yamaglobini A1C Kuwerenga
Popeza maselo a hemoglobini A1c amadalira maselo ofiira ofiira, chilichonse chimene chimayambitsa (kuchepetsa) moyo wa maselo ofiira amagazi kungawononge zotsatira zopanda pake. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka kwa magazi chifukwa cha opaleshoni kapena kudwala kwa nthawi yochepa kapena matenda monga hemolytic anemia angapangitse kuwerenga molakwika. Kuperewera kwa magazi m'thupi kungapangitse kuwerengeka kochepa, pamene mankhwala a chitsulo chosinthika angapangitse kuti azitha kuwerenga. Ngati mwaika magazi, zigawo zanu zingakhalenso zolakwika. Mankhwala a Hemoglobin A1c akhoza kukhala ovuta kutanthauzira kwa anthu okhala ndi impso kulephera pa zifukwa zingapo.
Pansi pa Hemoglobin Variants ndi Hemoglobin A1C Ma Level
Mbali ya hemoglobini A1c ndi yofunika kwambiri pozindikira mlingo wa shuga wa magazi pa nthawi yaitali. Mwatsoka, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya hemoglobin ikhoza kuyesa izi molakwika, motero kuchepetsa kulondola.
Ngati ma AS1c anu sakuwoneka kuti akugwirizana ndi kufufuza kwanu kwa tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka ngati muli a ku Africa, Mediterranean, kapena Southeast Asian heritage, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za kuyesa magazi kuti muone ngati muli ndi mtundu wa hemoglobin. Podziwa kuti muli ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, dokotala amatha kutsimikiza kuti magazi amayesedwa pabubu yomwe idagwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe sizikukhudzidwa ndi mitunduyi.
> Zotsatira:
> Little, R., La'ulu, S., Hanson, S., Rohlfing, C., ndi R. Schmidt. Zotsatira za 40 Zosiyana Zambiri za Hb Zosiyanasiyana pa Njira ya HbA1c mu Njira 8. Journal of Diabetes Sayansi ndi Zamakono . 2015. 9 (4): 849-56.
> Lorenzo-Medina, M., De la-Iglesia, S., Ropero, P., Noqueira-Salqueiro, P., ndi J. Santana-Benitiz. Zotsatira za Hemoglobin Variants pa Hemoglobin A1C Makhalidwe Amayesedwa Pogwiritsira Ntchito Mpweya Wopambana Wokwanira wa Chromatography Method. Journal of Diabetes Sayansi ndi Zamakono . 2014. 8 (6): 1168-1176.
> Hemoglobin Variants Zingayambitse Kusiyanitsa Kwambiri mu Hemoglobin A1c Yoyesedwa ndi Mphamvu Zokwanira Zamadzimadzi Chromatography ndi Njira Zowonjezereka M'maganizo a Odwala: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry . 2016 Aug 5. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).