Kuzizira kungathenso kuyambitsa chisanu, kumiza ndi kumiza
Mukakhala ndi nyengo yozizira nthawi zambiri, mapazi anu nthawi zambiri amakhala mbali yoyamba ya thupi kuti muzimva zotsatira zovuta. Pofuna kusungunuka kutentha kwa thupi lathu, mitsempha ya mitsempha mkati mwa manja athu ndi miyendo yathu, ndiye chifukwa chake manja ndi mapazi athu amazizira pamene kutentha kumataya.
Kuvulala kwa nyengo monga chimphepo chachisanu ndi nthawi nthawi zonse kumakhudzidwa ndi ntchito zozizira kunja ndi zosangalatsa.
Kuvulala kumeneku kumachokera ku zizindikiro zowawa monga ululu kuwonongeka kwamuyaya komwe kungafunike kuchotsedwa kwala zala.
Mitundu ya Kuvulala Kwambiri ku Mapazi
Frostnip
Nthaŵi zina Frostnip imatchedwa mtundu wofewa wa chimfine, chimene chimapezeka pambuyo pozizira pang'ono. Mosiyana ndi chiwombankhanga chenicheni, palibe khungu lenileni la khungu kapena minofu yowonjezereka yomwe imapezeka, kotero kuti chisanu chimapangitsa kuti sichiwonongeke nthawi zonse pamene mapazi adatenthedwa. Zizindikiro za chisanu zimaphatikizapo ululu ndi mtundu wa khungu kusintha, monga blanching kapena redness.
Frostbite
Frostbite amakhala pangozi pozizira ndi kuzizira, pamunsi pa 32 ° F (0 ° C). Frostbite imachitika pamene kwenikweni kuzizizira kumachitika pakhungu, zomwe zimachititsa kuwonongeka kosiyanasiyana. Kumayambiriro kwa chiwombankhanga, zizindikiro zimayanana ndi chisanu: khungu loyera lomwe limakhala lofiira ndipo nthawi zina limatentha pa kutentha. Zingatheke kuchitika, zomwe zingachititse kuti dera lanu liwonongeke ngati wina samva kupweteka ndikupeza thandizo loyamba.
Mukapitirizabe kuzizira, kuwonongeka kwa chisanu kumatha kupyolera muzigawo za khungu ndipo kumayambitsa kupweteka. Pachilonda chachitatu, chisokonezo chimapitirira kupyolera pakhungu kupita kumagulu ang'onoang'ono. Mabulteranso amawoneka ndipo akhoza kudzazidwa ndi magazi. Chakudya chachisanu ndichinayi chimaphatikizapo chibwibwi cha malo okhudzidwawo, mosakayikira kumafuna kuchotsa chidutswa chimodzi chala.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira zizindikiro za chisanu. Malo ozizira, ophwanyika kumapazi angaoneke ngati oyera kapena ofiirira ndipo akumva zovuta kukhudza. Kuphulika kwa khungu ndi khungu lachiwiri ndi lachitatu la chiwindi chimatha masiku kapena miyezi, malingana ndi digiri. Kuchiza kwa chisanu kumaphatikizapo kusinthasintha kwa mapazi pamene mukusamala kupewa kutentha kapena kuthamanga kumadera okhudzidwa. Ndi bwino kukweza chiwalo chokhudzidwa ndikupempha mankhwala mwamsanga. Kutentha kwachangu mofulumira, monga madzi ofunda kwambiri, kungaperekedwe ndi gulu lachipatala.
Immersion Foot kapena Mtsinje Foot
Madzi amadziwika kuti mapazi, kuthira mapazi amapezeka pamadzi ozizira. Zizindikiro za kumiza mapazi zikhoza kukhala zofanana ndi chiwombankhanga, kupatula kuti kumiza mapazi kumakhala kutayika kwa nthawi yaitali kutentha kosakhala kozizira. Ngati zinthu zili bwino, phazi la kumizidwa likhoza kuchitika pakhomo. Imfa ya kumizidwa ikhoza kukhala vuto kwa anthu ozizira nyengo, kumene mabotolo amavala ndikutentha kwambiri.
Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimaphatikizapo kupweteka ndi kusintha kwa mtundu monga kumeta kapena kubwezeretsa, kumapeto kwake kumabweretsa ululu, kutupa, komanso mwinamwake mapulaneti atangotha.
Monga chiwombankhanga, zizindikiro zingapitirire kwa masabata ndipo zimakhala ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali monga kusintha kwa kutentha (Raynaud's phenomenon) ndi kupweteka koopsa. Mofanana ndi chisanu, ndi bwino kuyimitsa mapazi ndi kuwatsitsimutsa mwamsanga. Chithandizo chamankhwala chiyenera kufunidwa ngati zizindikiro sizikugwirizana ndi chithandizo choyamba.
Pernio kapena Chilblains
Komanso amatchedwa Chilblains, pernio ndi chikhalidwe china chomwe chingabweretsedwe ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa chinyezi ndi kuziziritsa, osati kutentha kotentha. Pernio ili ndi zikopa za khungu zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi kutentha. Zilondazi zimachitika pazumwa zakumaso ndipo zimawoneka ngati zofiira, malo otukumula a khungu.
Madera amenewa akhoza kukhala opweteka komanso ovuta kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kupitiriza.
Matendawa amakhudza amai nthawi zambiri kuposa amuna ndipo amatha kubweranso ndi kutentha kwa mtsogolo. Kawirikawiri, zilonda zingayambitse kupweteka. Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo mankhwala a corticosteroid kuti athetse kutentha ndi kutupa, mwinamwake mankhwala apakamwa kuti apitirize kuyendayenda kumadera okhudzidwa, ndi chisamaliro chovulaza ngati kuli kofunikira.
Zotsatira
Irwin DO, Brian. American Family Physician. Zochitika Zachidwi za Necrotic. Ifikira 1/16/13. 2004 Feb 1; 69 (3): 609-610.
Dockery, DPM, Gary L. ndi Crawford, DPM, Mary Elizabeth (Mkonzi). Kusokonezeka Kwambiri kwa Zinthu Zochepa Kwambiri. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1997. 128-29.
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Cold Stress. Ifikira 1/16/13.