Maantibiotiki angapezeke muzinthu zambiri zamagula kuphatikizapo zakudya zowonjezera zakudya, zakudya ndi zakumwa, ngakhale mankhwala ogulitsa khungu. Mabakiteriya omwe amadziwika kuti ndi opindulitsa, amachititsa chidwi kwambiri anthu amene chilakolako chawo chimakhala ndi thanzi labwino mwa kukonzetsa matumbo awo m'mimba. Ndipotu, mu 2013 msika wapadziko lonse wamakampani opanga maantibiyamu anali okwana madola 32 biliyoni, chikhalidwe chomwe chikukula chikuyenera kukwera madola 52 biliyoni ndi 2022.
Malinga ndi bungwe la World Health Organization (WHO), ma antibiotics amatchulidwa kuti "tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amatipatsa phindu lokwanira timapindula ndi thanzi labwino." Nthawi zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opanga maantibiotiki kumalimbikitsa kapena kusintha zizindikiro za kugaya. Koma pozindikira momwe zomera zathu zovuta kumagwirira ntchito zimathandizira muzinthu zina zaumoyo, ambiri atembenukira ku maantibiobio poganiza kuti adzachiza chirichonse kuchokera ku chifuwa mpaka ku autism.
Pofuna kukuthandizani kukhala ogulitsa ophunzira, pano pali mfundo zinayi zabwino zodziwa za ma probiotics.
Mitundu ya Bakiteriya Yopezeka mu Maantibiotiki Ali Kale Mukoloni Wanu
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timaposa maselo athu aumunthu 10: 1 ndipo ambiri mwa awa amapezeka mthupi. Ndipotu, pali mabiliyoni ambiri mabakiteriya okhala mumtundu wanu. Pakali pano, sayansi yapeza mitundu yoposa 400 ya mabakiteriyawa.
Ngakhale kuti pali zambiri zoti tiphunzire, kafukufuku wasokoneza bodza kuti mabakiteriya onse amavulaza thupi.
M'malo mwake, tsopano tikudziwa kuti mabakiteriya amathandiza matupi athu kugwira ntchito bwino. Zina mwa ntchitozi zikuphatikizapo kuthandiza chimbudzi, kumenyana ndi mabakiteriya oipa, ndi kupanga mavitamini. Timadziwanso kuti mabakiteriya amapezeka mwachibadwa m'tchire ndipo ali kale kugwira ntchito kuti atipatse thanzi popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena opangira mavitamini.
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Sadzafunikire Kuvomereza kwa FDA
Zingakhale zodabwitsa kudziwa kuti Chakudya ndi Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo alibe malingaliro ovomerezeka a ma probiotics ndipo chivomerezocho sichifunika kuti mankhwala asayidwe pamsika. Mmalo mwake, lamulo la FDA la mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa limadalira mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagulitsidwa - monga chakudya chowonjezera kapena chakudya.
Maantibiotiki amagulitsidwa monga chakudya chowonjezera monga ufa, mapiritsi, kapsule kapena madzi. Ndipotu, pakali pano pali zoposa 100 zogulitsa mavitamini. Zakudya zowonjezera zakudya sizifuna FDA kuvomereza. Amaloledwa pamsika pokhapokha malonda awo akuphatikizapo momwe momwe amathandizira amakhudzira kapangidwe ka thupi kapena ntchito ya thupi ndipo amapewa kunena kuti mankhwalawa amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda. Kuonjezera apo, zakudya zowonjezera zakudya zimatha kufotokozera za chitetezo ndi mphamvu zawo popanda kuyesedwa ndi FDA.
Pamene ma probiotikiti amaonedwa kuti ndi chakudya, mgwirizano wa FDA ndiwo ngati chogwiritsira ntchito chikugwera pansi pa gulu la "GRAS" kutanthauza kuti "ndilobwino kuti likhale lopulumuka." Popeza ma probiotics a malonda ali ofanana ndi mabakiteriya kale Kukhala mu colon yanu, madokotala ambiri amavomereza kuti kwa anthu abwinobwino amakhala otetezeka kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Komabe, kwa omwe angakhale ndi mavuto aakulu omwe amatetezeka ku chitetezo cha mthupi , mavuto aakulu okhudzana ndi ntchito zawo nthawi zina akhala akudziwika.
Mosasamala kanthu, kuchuluka kwa ma probiotic omwe alipo ku msika wa US sanayesedwe kapena kuvomerezedwa ndi FDA.
Maantibiotiki Sali Okwanira Mofanana-Akugwirizana-Onse
Maantibiotiki ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amaganiza kuti ndi abwino kwa thanzi lathu. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kawirikawiri timakhala tizilombo toyambitsa matenda koma tikhoza kuphatikizapo yisiti. Magulu awiri omwe amapezeka m'maguluwa ndi Bifidobacterium ndi Lactobacillus , koma pali mitundu yambiri ya mabakiteriya amanenedwa kuti ndi ma probiotics.
Mabakiteriya amagawidwa m'magulu ndi gulu lirilonse liri ndi mitundu yambiri ndi mitundu yonse yomwe imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa mavuto onse amachita mosiyana ndi thupi ndipo zingakhale zothandiza pazinthu zosiyana. Ochita kafukufuku akuwerengabe kuti mitundu ya maantibiotiki iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha thanzi kapena matenda.
Popeza ma probiotics sali ovomerezeka, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imawoneka kuti ili ndi zofanana zofanana ingakhale yosiyana kwambiri. Chida chilichonse chiri chapadera ndipo chingakhale chopindulitsa pa cholinga chawo.
Kafukufuku Wowonjezera Amafunika pa Maantibiotiki
Kafufuzidwe kafukufuku waperekedwa kale kwa ma probiotics, makamaka mmalo mwa thanzi lakumadya. Ngakhale kuti kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti ma probiotics angakhale othandiza monga mankhwala othandizira kuchipatala, zofufuza zina sizikhala zodziwika.
Gawo limodzi lofufuza kafukufuku wakhala ngati ma probiotics amathandizira kuthetsa zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi IBS (matenda opweteka a m'mimba) . Chigwirizano cha akatswiri ochokera ku America ndi ku Ulaya chimanena kuti pali zomveka zomveka kuti n'chifukwa chiyani ma probiotics angagwire ntchito ku IBS. Izi zikunenedwa kuti, kafukufuku wa kafukufuku wa nthawi yaitali wa maphunziro ambiri sanawonetsere kuti ma probiotics apambana bwino kuposa malo a miyezi 6 yapitayi. Kumbukirani kuti maphunzirowa anali ndemanga za maphunziro ang'onoang'ono kotero kuti panali mitundu yambiri yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Chigawo china chimene chawerengedwa chakhala ngati ma probiotics angathandize kuthetsa kutsekula m'mimba chifukwa cha ma antibiotic kapena kugwirizana ndi matenda, monga c-diff (matenda a bakiteriya omwe amachititsa kutsekula m'mimba komanso omwe amapezeka kuchipatala kapena anatenga mankhwala amphamvu a antibiotic kwa matenda ena). Popeza mankhwala opha tizilombo amadziwika kuti amapha mabakiteriya abwino komanso oipa, chiyembekezo chakhala chakuti ma probiotic akhoza kubwezeretsa mabakiteriya opindulitsa omwe amatha pamene mankhwala ophera maantibayotiki ndi ofunikira.
Ndipotu, m'nkhani ina yofalitsidwa mu American Journal of Infection Control , zinanenedwa kuti kuyambira mu 2006-2012, 96 peresenti ya zipatala 145 zomwe anaphunzira ku United States anapatsa odwala maantibiobio kuti athetse vutoli. Komabe, mu kafukufuku wawo wamaphunziro awiri opusa, ochita kafukufuku anapeza kuti ma probiotics anapatsidwa sanali othandizira kuposa placebos pochizira kutsekula m'mimba zomwe zikugwirizana ndi izi.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa amatha kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha kutsekula m'magazi ndi 50 mpaka 60 peresenti ngati amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo - ndi zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimapezeka kuti ndi Saccharomyces boulardii (yisiti) ndi Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG . Komanso, kufufuza kwina kuli kofunika chifukwa zotsatira za maphunziro angapo sizinapereke zotsatira zosagwirizana kapena zenizeni zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti ma probiotics angakhoze kusewera pokonza izi.
Mankhwala a maantibiotiki aphunziranso chifukwa cha maudindo awo mowonjezereka chifukwa cha kukula kwathu kumvetsetsa momwe kusayanjanitsika kwa mabakiteriya abwino ndi oipa m'thupi kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi thanzi labwino. Zina mwa zinthu zomwe anazipeza zikuphatikizapo matenda a khungu, matenda a m'maganizo, chifuwa chachikulu ndi matenda a mphumu, matenda a m'mimba ndi matenda opuma, kupuma kwa matenda, fibromyalgia, kuuma kwa mgwirizano, kusagwirizana kwa lactose, komanso chiwerengero cha zizindikiro za matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kupewa matenda . Maphunzirowa onse akhala ochepa kwambiri popanda umboni wowonjezera wothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito ma probiotics.
Zotsatira:
American College of Gastroenterology - Mapulojekiti Ochiza Matenda Aakulu Amimba Amimba.
Pulogalamu ya National Complementary and Integrative Health. https://nccih.nih.gov/health/probiotics/introduction.htm
Degnan FH. Ma US Food and Drug Administration ndi ma probiotics: magulu olamulira. Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Feb 1; 46 Suppl 2: S133-6; kukambirana S144-51. lembani: 10.1086 / 523324.
Yi SH, Jernigan JA, McDonald L C. Kukula kwa ntchito zochizira ma ARV pakati pa odwala: Phunziro lofotokozera la 145 zipatala za US. American Journal of Infection. Lofalitsidwa pa intaneti: January 25, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2015.12.001
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