Congenital hypothyroidism imatanthawuza ku hypothyroidism - kusowa kapena kusowa kwa maselo a chithokomiro - pobadwa.
M'nthaŵi yowonongeka kumene, khanda la hypothyroidism ndilosazolowereka kwambiri. Komabe, ngati zilipo, ndizofunika kwambiri kuti zipezeke mwamsanga komanso moyenera . Kulephera kuchitapo kanthu mofulumira komanso mofulumira kuchitira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda okhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi matenda okhudzana ndi matendawa kungakhudze kwambiri matenda a IQ komanso kukula kwa ubongo.
Congenital hypothyroidism kwenikweni ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimachititsa kuti matenda asokonezeke padziko lonse.
Pali mitundu iwiri yokha yobadwa mwa hypothyroidism: yosatha congenital hypothyroidism ndi nthawi yayitali ya hypothyroidism.
Chikhalire Chamtundu wa Hypothyroidism
Mtundu uwu wa hypothyroidism umafuna chithandizo cha moyo wonse, ndipo uli ndi zifukwa zingapo:
- Chinthu chofala kwambiri cha kukula kwa hypothyroidism ndi cholakwika kapena chitukuko chosadziwika cha chithokomiro, chotchedwa dysgenesis. Makamaka, malo osadziwika (ectopic) matenda a chithokomiro ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri. Pafupi magawo awiri pa atatu alionse okhudzana ndi hypothyroidism ndi chifukwa cha dysgenesis.
- Ana ena amatenga zolephereka kuti athe kupanga ndi kusunga mahomoni a chithokomiro. Izi zimachitika pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya matenda okhudzana ndi matenda a hypothyroidism.
- Congenital hypothyroidism ingakhale chifukwa cha vuto la kayendedwe ka hormoni.
- Kwa ana ena, pakati pa hypothyroidism, yomwe imaphatikizapo mavuto a hypothalamic kapena pituitary, ndi chifukwa cha kugonana kwa hypothyroidism.
Zokwanira zapachibale za Hypothyroidism
Zimaganiziridwa kuti 10 mpaka 20 peresenti ya ana omwe amabadwa omwe ali ndi hypothyroid ali ndi kanthaŵi kochepa chabe ka chidziwitso chotchedwa congenital hypothyroidism.
Kuchuluka kwa hypothyroidism kwa ana akhanda kumachititsa zinthu zingapo:
- Kusowa kwa ayodini kwa khanda, komwe kumabwera chifukwa cha kusowa kokwanira kwa ayodini kwa mayi
- TSH-receptor imateteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (TRB-Ab) m'mayi amene ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a chithokomiro, nthawi zambiri matenda a Graves, omwe amatha kupitirira pamtunda ndipo amachititsa kuti chithokomiro chizigwira ntchito. Izi sizikuchitika mwazimayi onse omwe ali ndi matenda a chithokomiro. Kawirikawiri, pamene izo zimatero, hypothyroidism imatsimikizira pafupi miyezi itatu kapena itatu atabadwa pamene ma antibodies a amayi amachotsedwera kuchokera kwa khanda.
- Mankhwala otchedwa Antithyroid (PTU, methimazole) atengedwa ndi mayi woyembekezera yemwe ali ndi hyperthyroid kudutsa pamtanda, ndipo amachititsa mwana wosabadwayo kugwiritsira ntchito hypothyroidism. Kawirikawiri, hypothyroidism imatsimikizira masiku angapo atabadwa, ndipo chithokomiro choyenera chimabwerera mkati mwa masabata angapo.
- Kutsegula mwana kapena khanda kumayeso okwera kwambiri a ayodini, omwe amachititsa kuti thupi lanu likhale ndi matenda osokoneza bongo. Mtundu wa ayodini wamtunduwu umachokera ku kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe amadziwika ndi ayodini monga amiodarone (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti asamalire miyendo yosasinthasintha ya mtima) mwa amayi kapena mwana, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oteteza ayodini kapena antchito osiyana.
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro
Ambiri omwe amangobadwa kumene ali ndi ubongo wokhala ndi matenda a hypothyroidism alibe zizindikiro za matendawa.
Izi zimakhalapo chifukwa cha mahomoni a chithokomiro cha amayi, kapena zina zotere zokhudzana ndi chithokomiro.
Koma, zizindikiro za matenda zikhoza kukhala izi:
- Kulemera kwa kubala
- Kuwonjezeka mutu wachizungulire
- Lethargy (kusowa mphamvu, kugona nthawi zambiri, kumawoneka atatopa ngakhale atadzuka)
- Kuthamanga pang'ono
- Kulira kofuula
- Kudyetsa mavuto
- Kulimbikitsidwa kosalekeza, kozembedwa kapena kukhuta kukhudza
- Lilime lokulitsidwa
- Khungu louma
- Kutentha kwa thupi
- Chizungu chapafupi
- A goiter ( chithokomiro chowonjezera )
- Mphuno yochepa kwambiri ya minofu
- Nkhope yamoto
- Zozizira kwambiri
- Tsitsi lakuthwa kwambiri lomwe limapita pamphumi
- Puloteni yaikulu (malo ofewa)
- Mimba yotchedwa herniated bellybutton
- Kukula pang'ono, kulephera kukula
Congenital hypothyroidism ndi yowonjezeka kwambiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi ziwalo zina zobwera m'mimba (makamaka zokhudzana ndi mtima) ndi Down syndrome.
Kuzindikira ndi Kuzindikira
Kawirikawiri matenda a hypothyroidism amapezeka mwa kuyang'anitsitsa ana obadwa kumene, kaŵirikaŵiri amachitidwa ndi chidendene choyesa chiyeso chopangidwa masiku angapo obadwa. Kawirikawiri mayeso amatsatiridwa pakatha masabata awiri mpaka asanu atabadwa.
Malingana ndi Medical Reference UpToDate :
"Kuwunika kwa ana onse obadwa kumene kumachitika nthawi zonse m'mayiko 50 a United States, Canada, Europe, Israel, Japan, Australia ndi New Zealand, ndipo akukula ku Eastern Europe, South America, Asia, ndi Africa. , mwachitsanzo, ana oposa 4 miliyoni amawunikira chaka chilichonse, zomwe zimachititsa ana 1,000 kukhala ndi congenital hypothyroidism. Padziko lonse lapansi, ana okwana 12 miliyoni amafufuzidwa ndipo 3,000 ali ndi hypothyroidism amapezeka chaka chilichonse. "
Pamene kuyesa koyambirira kwa magazi kukuwunikira vuto lomwe lingakhalepo, kutsatila kumaphatikizapo ntchito yowonjezera yazidzidzi ndipo zingaphatikizepo mayesero ena, monga mayeso a chithunzi cha chithokomiro . UpToDate ili ndi tsatanetsatane wokhudzana ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zoyeretsera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kutsimikiziranso ubongo wa hypothyroidism ndikuyang'ana zomwe zimayambitsa.
Mawu ochokera
Ngati muli ndi mwana wobadwa ndi congenital hypothyroidism, kodi iye amadziwika bwanji? Ngati matenda a mwana wanu amapezeka atabadwa komanso atachiritsidwa mwamsanga, zizindikirozo ndi zabwino kwambiri. Malingana ndi kafukufuku, ana omwe amadziwika pa kubadwa omwe akulandira chithandizo cham'mbuyomu amakhala ndi kukula ndi chitukuko chodziwika bwino, ndipo kafukufuku wambiri amavomereza kuti palibe kusiyana pakati pa IQ.
Komabe, kafukufuku wina, apeza kuchepa pang'ono kwa malemba, mathem, ndi IQ, komanso kuchepa pang'ono kukumbukira ndi kusamalira ana ena kubwezeretsedwa ku chithokomiro chodziŵika pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa matenda kapena kuchepetsa mayendedwe oyamba. Matenda oyambirira komanso okwanira obadwa ndi hypothyroidism ndi ofunika kwambiri.
Chitsime:
> LaFranchi, Stephen. "Zochitika M'zipatala ndi Kuzindikira kwa Congenital Hypothyroidism." Kupititsa patsogolo .