Kutaya masomphenya anu kungakhale kochititsa mantha, ndipo kutaya mphamvu yakuzisamalira nokha ndi chinthu chomwe sitingathe kuziganizira. Ambiri aife sitizindikira kuti timadalira kwambiri zinthu zomwe timachita tsiku limodzi. Masomphenya osayika-ngakhale ngakhale kutayika kwa masomphenya-akhoza kukhala osokoneza komanso kusintha moyo. Mavuto monga glaucoma , kupweteka kwa macular , maselo a retina ndi retinitis pigmentosa zingatheke kuti anthu ayambe kutaya nthawi pang'onopang'ono.
Zikakuchitikirani kapena munthu amene mumamukonda, mtundu uliwonse wa maganizo ukhoza kukhalapo. Zotsatira zake zikhoza kukhala zakuthupi komanso zamaganizo, zomwe zimakhudza osati munthu wokhayokha, komanso banja lawo, abwenzi komanso okondedwa omwe ali pafupi nawo. Zozoloŵera, ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku monga kuvala m'mawa kapena kuphika zakudya zomwe mumazikonda zingakhale zovuta, ngakhale zosatheka, zomwe zingayambitse kudzidalira komanso kudzidetsa nkhaŵa. Kusamalira munthu amene ali ndi masomphenya angathenso kukhetsa thupi. Kuphunzira njira zothandizira ena kuthana ndi masomphenya amatha kuchepetsa mantha ndi kusokonezeka maganizo komwe kumayambitsa.
Kutayika kwa Masomphenya ndi Chisoni
Madokotala ena amayerekezera zoyamba kuchita ndi masomphenya osiyana siyana a chisoni pambuyo pa imfa ya wokondedwa. Munthu amene akusowa masomphenya nthawi zambiri amapita kumalo omwewo. Chisoni ndizochitika mwachibadwa ku imfa yaikulu. Maseŵera a chisoni ndi kukana, kupanikizika, mkwiyo, ndiyeno potsiriza kuvomereza.
Kuzindikira kumverera komwe kumayendera limodzi ndi magawowa kungathandize kwambiri kuthetsa mantha kuti tipite patsogolo:
- Kutaya : Munthu wina akalandira nkhani yokhudza kutaya kwakukulu, amakhulupirira kuti amamukhulupirira. Ngakhale patadutsa nthawi, kusakhulupirira kumeneku kumachitika mobwerezabwereza.
- Kusokonezeka maganizo : Chisoni ndi kudzipatula n'zovuta kuthana nazo. Munthu amadzimva yekha, akuganiza kuti palibe wina amene angamvetsetse zotsatira za imfa yawo. Chisoni ichi chimapangitsa anthu kusiya moyo wawo wamba, ndikuwasiya opanda chiyembekezo.
- Mkwiyo : Munthu yemwe ali ndi masomphenya angayambe "Chifukwa chiyani ine?" Pamene maganizo akuvutika maganizo amayamba kuchepa, mphamvu zowonjezereka zimapezeka kuti zisonyeze mkwiyo. Mkwiyo umathandiza anthu kupita patsogolo ndikuwatsogolera chisoni chawo ndi kuvutika maganizo.
- Kulandiridwa : Panthawi yomaliza yachisoni, chiyembekezo cha chiyembekezo chimayamba kubwerera. Mmodzi amayamba kupeza nthawi za chiyembekezo cha m'tsogolo. Ndi chiyembekezo chimenechi chimabwera pakupeza maluso atsopano omwe amathandiza kubwerera kuntchito zowonongeka.
Kutayika kwa Masomphenya ndi Kusungulumwa
Imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri zothandizira munthu yemwe ali ndi masomphenya omwe akusowa ndi kuwathandiza kukhulupirira kuti sali yekha. Mawonedwe otayika amakhudza anthu oposa 6.5 miliyoni ku United States a zaka 55 ndi kupitirira. Ndikofunika kuti okondedwa adziŵe kuti angathe kuthandiza ena omwe ali ndi masomphenya omwe atayika, komanso akatswiri monga dokotala wawo wa maso, akatswiri owona masewera, kapena munthu wapadera pa chithandizo cha ntchito.
M'masiku amasiku ano, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zingapezeke.
Masomphenyawa ndi webusaiti yothandizidwa ndi American Foundation for Blind ndi Reader's Digest Partners for Sight Foundation. Limapereka boma ndi boma tsamba la misonkhano kwa zovuta zooneka. Anthu alipo kuti athandize.
Kubwereranso Kwachizolowezi
Monga wotsogolera, atsimikizireni wodwala kapena wokondedwa wanu kuti ngati ali okonzeka kusintha, ndizotheka kuti apitirize kusangalala ndi zokondweretsa zomwe amakonda. Pamene ali ofunitsitsa kupitilizabe kutenga nawo gawo m'bungwe, zidzakhala zosavuta kuti apitirize ntchito zomwe amakonda.
Adziwitseni kuti sayenera kusiya kugwira ntchito. Ngakhale pali ntchito zina, anthu ambiri omwe amatha kuona masomphenya akupitirizabe ntchito zawo zamakono. Mwinamwake mumakumana ndi anthu tsiku ndi tsiku ndi masomphenya otsika ndipo simunazindikire chifukwa akugwira ntchito pamlingo waukulu, ngakhale masomphenya ochepa.
Kufunafuna Thandizo
Akakonzeka, mukhoza kulemba wolemba wanu m'kalasi kuti aphunzire luso latsopano kuti apeze ufulu. Maphunziro amaphunzitsidwa ndi akatswiri odziwa bwino masomphenya omwe amaphunzitsa njira zina kuti akhalebe odziimira. Ogwira ntchito zachipatala amaphunzitsanso kuphunzitsa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maluso omwe amayenera kugwira ntchito mwachidule.
Njira zothetsera mavuto ndi zowonjezera zilipo pothandizira kuphika zakudya zomwe mumakonda mu khitchini mosamala, mukuyenda bwino panyumba, kulipira ngongole nokha, ndi kuchita ntchito zina zofunika pa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku. Teknoloji yapita patsogolo kuthandizira ndi zinthu izi. Makompyuta ndi zipangizo zingathe kusinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi masomphenya otsika.
Malangizo Otsutsana
Anthu omwe ali ndi masomphenya osowa kwambiri angathe kuphunzitsidwa momwe angapitirizire kukhala ndi moyo wopindulitsa. Zotsatira ndi mndandanda wa mfundo ndi ndondomeko zothandizira wina yemwe ali ndi masomphenya ochepa kuti aphunzire momwe angagwirire ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku:
- Magalasi amphamvu a maso a maso amatha kupititsa patsogolo kuwerenga.
- Magetsi akuluakulu opangidwa ndipamwamba ndi magetsi angagwiritsidwe ntchito powerenga ndi zinthu zina zing'onozing'ono zomwe zimafunikira kuwoneka bwino.
- Zipangizo zamakono zojambulajambula zimagwiritsa ntchito kanema kapena zithunzi kuti zikulitse zinthu zina poyang'ana.
- Mabuku ambiri, nyuzipepala, ndi magazini amapezeka pamtundu waukulu.
- Ma matepi amamvetsera amasangalala ndi mabuku omwe amavutika kuwerenga.
- Kuchotsa chimbudzi ndi kubwezeretsa zipinda zimapangitsa kuyenda bwino pakati pa zipinda kapena masitepe.
- Kuwonjezera chiwerengero ndi kuwala kwa magetsi ndi nyali kuzungulira mnyumba kungathandize m'masomphenya.
- Kuika ntchito yabwino kuyatsa pansi pa makabati ophikira ndi zitovu kungathandize pakuphika ndi kukonza chakudya.
- Kuyika bwino kuunikira kunyumba kwanu kapena kuntchito kungathandize pa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
- Kuyendera maulendo afupipafupi kwa optometrist kapena ophthalmologist akhoza kusunga diso lanu ndi masomphenya thanzi lanu. Kukonza mavuto a masomphenya kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono zingagwiritse ntchito bwino masomphenya otsalirawo.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati wokondedwa atha kuona masomphenya, pali zina zomwe mungachite ndi kunena zomwe zingakhale zothandiza. Muyenera kuganiza mozama za momwe iwo alili. Wachibale kapena bwenzi la munthu yemwe watha kuona masomphenya akukhala wofunikira kwambiri pakukonzekera masomphenya. Wokondedwa wanu kapena wachibale wanu omwe awona masomphenya omwe akuwonongeka angakhale akuda nkhawa kwambiri pamene ayamba kukumana ndi zovuta kapena zosatheka kulemba, kuwerenga, kapena kuyendetsa. Pano pali njira zina zothandizira wokondedwa wanu amene akulimbana ndi masomphenya awo:
- Pewani kudziletsa kwambiri.
- Thandizani kumanga kudzidalira.
- Zindikirani kupititsa patsogolo.
- Limbikitsani kudzidalira.
- Musaope. Funsani momwe mungathandizire.
- Funsani musanawathandize kulimbikitsa ufulu.
- Adziwitseni kuti mulipo ndipo nthawi zonse mumakhala ngati akufunikira thandizo ndi chinachake.
- Kambiranani za nkhani zawo ndipo musamachite mantha kuthandizira kupeza njira zothandizira.
> Chitsime:
> Association of America Optometric Association, Care of the Patient ndi Mavuto Owonetsa; Kuwonetseratu Kwakuya Kwambiri. Malangizo Othandizira Otsogolera Opaleshoni, 18 Oktoba 2007.