Makhalidwe Amene Ndi Ofunika Kwambiri Kudya, komabe Sili gawo limodzi la Gawo la Kudwala
Pali ziwalo zingapo zamagetsi zomwe zimathandiza mu njira yakudya koma sizinaganizidwe kuti ndi mbali imodzi ya kapangidwe kakang'ono ka m'mimba. Chidutswa cha m'mimba chimachokera pakamwa kupita ku anus, mu chubu limodzi lalitali, lopitirira. Pali ziwalo zingapo zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'thupi, komabe sizili mbali ya kapangidwe ka zakudya. Phunzirani za ziwalo izi kuti mumvetse bwino mmene chimbudzi chimagwirira ntchito, komanso mmene chimbudzi chanu chimakhudzira matenda opatsirana (IBD) .
Amaphatikizapo zozizira zamatenda, ziphuphu, chiwindi , ndi ndulu.
Zithunzi Zopsa
Mphepete, yomwe imapangidwira m'matumbo, imadutsa m'madontho ndi pakamwa. Saliva ndi madzi omveka m'kamwa mwathu omwe sitiganizira kwambiri koma ali ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira kuti chimbudzi chimayambika, ndipo zimayambitsa ntchito yowononga chakudya. Mphepete ndi ofunika kuwumitsa chifukwa amathandiza pakudya, ali ndi ma antibodies, ndipo amateteza pakamwa. Matenda ndi zizindikiro zomwe zingakhudze matenda opatsiranawa ndi matenda, obstructions, khansa, mitsempha ndi matenda a Sjogren .
Pancreas
Nkhanzazi ziri kumbuyo kwa mimba ndipo nkofunika kuti chimbudzi chizidziwika chifukwa ndi kumene zimayambitsa mavitamini ndi mahomoni. Mavitamini a m'mimba amathandiza kuchepetsa chakudya. Insulini, yomwe ndi hormone yomwe imathandiza kuchepetsa shuga wa magazi, imapangidwira m'mapangidwe. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 1 sangathe kupanga insulini ndikusowa shuga kuti athetse shuga.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 amafunikiranso insulini chifukwa thupi lawo limagonjetsedwa ndi insulini kapena makina awo samayankha monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira. Glucagon ndi hormone ina imene imapangidwira m'ziphalaphala, ndipo ntchito yake ndiyo kukweza shuga ya magazi pamene msinkhu wamagazi ndi wotsika kwambiri. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga, glucagon ikhoza kutulutsa shuga m'magazi kwambiri.
Insulini ndi glucagon zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zithetse shuga ya magazi. Zina mwa matenda ndi zochitika zomwe zingakhudze ziphuphu zimaphatikizapo kupweteka, khansara , ndi cystic fibrosis. Anthu akhoza kukhala opanda chiphalaphala, koma opaleshoni kuchotsa zonse zopsereza sizimachitanso.
Chiwindi
Chiwindi ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo zazikulu m'thupi. Ntchito zambiri za chiwindi zimaphatikizapo kulenga bile, kusungirako zakudya, kusunga glycogen, ndi kusintha ma poizoni kukhala zinthu zopanda phindu kapena kuwathandiza kuchotsa thupi. Mtengowo umadutsa mumatope omwe amathamanga kuchoka ku chiwindi kupita ku duodenum, gawo la katumbo kakang'ono. Magazi amachokera ku chiwindi ndi chiwindi, kumene mavitamini ndi zakudya zimasinthidwa ndikusungidwa. Chiwindi chimayambitsanso thupi, ndipo amachotsa mankhwala oledzeretsa ndi mankhwala. Kuwonjezera apo, chiwindi chimathandiza kuthetsa maselo akale kapena owonongeka a magazi ndikupanga zinthu zomwe zimathandiza magazi kuti aphimbe. Chiwindi ndi chiwalo chofunikira kwambiri ndipo anthu sangathe kukhala popanda izo. Matenda ndi zizindikiro za chiwindi zimaphatikizapo hepatitis , cirrhosis, hemochromatosis , ndi khansa.
Gallbladder
Nkhumba ndi chiwalo chochepa kwambiri chomwe chiri pamalo pomwe pansi pa chiwindi.
Chiwalo chaching'ono ichi chimasungira bile pambuyo pa chiwindi. Atatha kudya, matumbo aang'ono amatulutsa hormone yapadera yotchedwa cholecystokinin. Mahomoniwa amachititsa kuti nyongolotsiyo itumize bile kudzera m'matope ndi m'mimba. Kamodzi m'matumbo aang'ono, bile imagwiritsa ntchito kuwononga mafuta mu zakudya. Zina mwa matenda ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zingakhudze ndulu zimaphatikizapo gallstones ndi khansa (ngakhale izi sizikupezeka). Kuchita opaleshoni kuchotsa ndulu kumakhala kofala ndipo anthu akhoza kukhala bwino popanda ndulu. Poyamba anthu ena amafunika kusintha zakudya zawo pakapita opaleshoni koma anthu ambiri amachira mofulumira komanso popanda chochitika.
Chidziwitso Chochokera
Nthawi zambiri timaganiza za chimbudzi monga kuyenda kwa chakudya kudzera m'thupi. Njira yomwe chakudya chimachokera pakamwa panu komanso kudzera m'mimba, m'mimba, m'mimba mwachinyama, ndi m'matumbo akulu ndi mbali imodzi yokha. Kudya kumayamba pakamwa ndi kupanga mapangidwe ndipo ziwalo zowonjezera zimapereka madzi onse oyenera kuti azidya chakudya ndikuzipereka mu mawonekedwe othandiza thupi.