Matenda owopsa olepheretsa matendawa (COPD) ndi matenda osakanikirana omwe asayansi sanapeze njira yothandizira. Komabe, mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi zizoloŵezi za moyo zimathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro -kupuma mpweya, kupweteka, chifuwa, ndi kupanga ntchentche, kapena kutsekemera-ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zina zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi COPD, monga emphysema ndi bronchitis.
Kusamalira COPD kuli kofunika kuti tipewe kuwonjezereka kwa COPD , kupweteka kwa zizindikiro zomwe kutsokomola, kupuma, ndi kupuma kumakhala koipitsitsa, kupanga mankhwala a ntchofu kumawonjezeka, ndipo ntchentche ingasinthe mtundu wa mtundu wofiira, wobiriwira, utani, kapena magazi. Kuchulukitsa kwa COPD kumayambitsa kawirikawiri ndi matenda, kumatha masiku angapo, ndipo kungakufikitseni kuchipatala, kotero kuti kukhala ndi thanzi labwino ndilofunika kwambiri pochita ndi COPD monga kuchiza zizindikiro.
Zothetsera Pakhomo ndi Kusintha kwa Moyo
Mungathe kusintha moyo wanu ndikukhala ndi malo ogona kuti muthandize ndi zizindikiro zanu za COPD ndikupitiriza kuwonjezera zochepa.
Siyani Kusuta
Kuthana ndi chizolowezi cha ndudu ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti muthandize kusamalira COPD, ndipo kwa anthu ena, sitepe imodzi ndizofunika zonse zomwe zimathandiza kuti zizindikiro za COPD zisamayende bwino ndikuziletsa kuti zisapitirire. Komabe, sivuta kusiya, makamaka ngati mwakhala mukusuta kwa zaka zambiri.
Ngati kutentha kozizira sikugwira ntchito kwa inu, ganizirani zina zomwe mungasankhe kuti muzisiye , monga mankhwala a kasitini omwe amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala monga gamu, inhalers, mapiritsi, mapepala, kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti achepetse zokhumba; kutenga mankhwala monga bupropion, Chantix (varenicline), kapena clonidine , mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amaganiza kuti ndi othandiza pochiza chiphuphu chochotsera zizindikiro; ndi uphungu kapena gulu la mankhwala.
Kuchita Zodziletsa Nthawi Zonse
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumakhala bwino kwa thanzi lanu lonse ndi thanzi labwino. Ikhoza kukuthandizani kuti mukhalebe olimba ndi chipiriro. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mtundu wanji wa masewero olimbitsa thupi.
Pezani Malori Okwanira
Mankhwala a COPD, kutopa, ndi kupuma kovuta zingakuchititseni kukhala ndi njala kapena mphamvu zochepa kuti mudye, choncho lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe mungathetsere kusowa zakudya. Kusalandira makilogalamu okwanira kungachititse kuti zizindikiro za COPD zikhale zovuta kwambiri ndikukupatsani chiopsezo chotenga matenda, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro zanu ziwonjezere. Kudya zakudya zambiri, nthawi yaying'ono ndi / kapena kutenga mavitamini ndi zakudya zowonjezerapo zingakhale njira zopezera zakudya zomwe mukusowa.
Njira Zopweteka
Kuphunzira njira zopuma kuti ndikuthandizeni kupuma mokwanira kungakuthandizeni kuti mupumule ndi kupatsa mapapu anu pang'ono. Funsani dokotala wanu kapena wodwala kupuma kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Pezani Pneumonia Vaccine
Pneumococcal chibayo ndi mapapo a matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha bakiteriya Streptococcus pneumoniae . Anthu omwe ali ndi COPD ndi matenda ena ambiri omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala pa chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi chibayo, zomwe zingayambitse zizindikiro za COPD. Kupeza katemera kungathandize kupewa matendawa, koma dokotalayo ayambe kaye kaye.
Pezani Mfuti Yanu
Pali deta yosonyeza kuti mfuti ya chimfine imachepetsa chiwerengero cha maulendo a chipatala ndi maulendo a dokotala mukakhala ndi COPD, komanso amachepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda komanso imfa. Ngakhale kutanthauza kupita ku dokotala kapena malo osungiramo mankhwala, ndi bwino kupeŵa mavuto omwe angabwere chifukwa chopeza chimfine. Mofanana ndi katemera wa chibayo, funsani dokotala kuti muwone kuti ndi bwino kuti mupeze chifuwa.
Pitirizani Kusankhidwa
Onetsetsani kuti mukuwona dokotala wanu pamsonkhano wanu wokhazikika, ngakhale mutakhala bwino. Ndikofunika kuti akuyang'anitseni kuti muyang'ane zomwe mukupita, mapapu anu agwire ntchito, komanso kuti mupitirizebe kuchipatala.
Malemba
Mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza COPD ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi thanzi amatha kukhala m'misasa iwiri ikuluikulu: Mankhwala othandizira kuthetsa zizindikiro za matenda anu ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi matenda omwe, ngati sakusamalidwa, angapangitse COPD yanu kuipiraipira.
Zojambulajambula
Zojambulajambula zimathandiza kupumula minofu m'makoma a mpweya wanu kuti pakhale mosavuta kupuma, kuchepetsa kutsokomola ndi mpweya wochepa. Pali mitundu iwiri ya bronchodilator yothandizira COPD:
- Mankhwala a bronchodilator afupipafupi: Mankhwala awa amagwira ntchito mphindi 15 mpaka 20 kuti athetse mpweya wochepa, koma zotsatira zake zimangotha maola 4 kapena 6. Zitsanzo monga Ventolin ndi ProAir (albuterol), Atrovent (ipratropium), ndi Xopenex (levalbuterol).
- Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti mitsempha yanu ikhale yotseguka komanso yotetezeka kwa nthawi yaitali (usiku wonse, mwachitsanzo). Ngakhale zotsatira zake zitatha, kuyambira maola 12 mpaka 24, mankhwalawa amayamba kugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono. Zitsanzo za mtunduwu wa bronchodilator zikuphatikizapo Brovana (arformoterol), Arcapta (indacaterol), Serevent (salmeterol), ndi Spiriva (tiotropium).
Mungafunike mtundu umodzi kapena awiri, malingana ndi zizindikiro zanu. Mankhwalawa amapezeka ndi inhaler kapena kudzera mu mankhwala a aerosol, omwe mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati mawonekedwe abwino pogwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chotchedwa nebulizer .
Inalumikiza Corticosteroids
Ngati muli ndi zovuta zambiri, dokotala wanu angapereke corticosteroid yothandizira tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zingakuthandizeni kusungunuka kwanu ndikuchepetsa nambala ya zovuta zomwe muli nazo. Zitsanzo ndi Flovent (fluticasone) ndi Pulmicort (budesonide). Zoopsa zowopsa ndizoopsa, matenda opatsirana pakamwa panu, ndi khungu lopweteka.
Kusakaniza Inhalers
Ngati COPD yanu ndi yoopsa ndipo / kapena mukuchita zovuta nthawi zambiri, dokotala wanu angapereke yankho la inhaler kapena nebulized lomwe limagwirizana ndi bronchodilator ndi corticosteroid. Zitsanzo za kuphatikizapo mankhwalawa ndi Symbicort, omwe ndi ophatikizapo formoterol ndi budesonide, ndi Advair, kuphatikizapo salmeterol ndi fluticasone.
Oral Corticosteroids
Pakati pa kuchulukitsidwa kwa COPD, oral corticosteroids ikhoza kuchepetsa nthawi yowonzanso, kusintha mapapu anu, ndi kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuchepa kwa oxygen m'magazi). Angathandizenso kuchepetsa kubwerera m'mbuyo, kupewa kutaya mankhwala, ndipo ngati mutha kuchipatala, kuchepetsani nthawi yomwe mulipo. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa oral corticosteroids kungabweretse mavuto aakulu, komabe izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa kanthaŵi kochepa chabe. Prednisone ndi chitsanzo chimodzi cha oral oral corticosteroid. Zotsatira zake zimaphatikizapo matenda a shuga, matenda a shuga, chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda, chiwindi, ndi kulemera.
Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) Inhibitors
COPD (komanso asthma) ingayambitse kuchulukitsa kwambiri mavitamini omwe amachititsa kutupa m'mapapo otchedwa phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4). PDE4 inhibitors , zomwe zimayambitsa ma enzyme, zimatengedwa kamodzi patsiku papepala ndikuthandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa COPD kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'tsogolo, mbiri ya zoopsa, ndi zoopsa kwambiri ku COPD. Daliresp (roflumilast) ndi imodzi mwa PDE4 inhibitor. Zotsatirapo zingaphatikizepo kutsegula m'mimba, kulemera kwa thupi, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kusokoneza tulo, kusokonezeka, kusowa kwa njala, ndi kupweteka mutu.
Maantibayotiki
Ngati mutabwera ndi bakiteriya matenda opuma kupuma monga bronchitis kapena chibayo, dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala opha tizilombo. Mankhwalawa amatsutsana ndi mabakiteriya koma osati mavairasi; mwa kuyankhula kwina, iwo sadzachotsa chimfine kapena chimfine. Ngati mwapatsidwa mankhwala a antibayotiki, ndikofunikira kuti mutenge mankhwala onse, ngakhale mutayamba kumva bwino. Kusamaliza mankhwalawa kungapangitse kuti ma antibiotic asakane.
Kafukufuku wakale adasonyeza kuti kutenga mankhwala opha tizilombo mosalekeza sikunathandize kuwopsa. Komabe, kufufuza kwatsopano kwasonyeza kuti kutenga Zithromax (azithromycin) kapena Erythrocin (erythromycin) kwa chaka kunachepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe kale anali nawo kawirikawiri. Palibe umboni wakuti mankhwala opitirira chaka ndi othandiza.
Mankhwala Opatsirana
Ngati muli ndi COPD yochepa kapena yovuta, dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito mankhwala a mapapo kuphatikizapo mankhwala.
Thandizo la oxygen
Malingana ndi zosowa zanu, oxygen yowonjezera ikhoza kukhala yofunikira maola 24 patsiku, usiku, kapena kwinakwake. Mpweya wothandizira sikuti umangowonjezera chiwerengero cha odwala omwe ali ndi COPD, koma kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu ndi kusintha moyo wanu mwa kukuthandizani kugona bwino usiku, kukhala osamala masana, ndikuchita zochitika zosawerengeka. Mapinduwa angakhale opindulitsa kwambiri pa mankhwala otsekemera a okosijeni: amafunikira kuvala chingwe chamtundu (mankhwala ochepa omwe amapereka oksijeni kudzera m'mphuno kupita ku airways) kapena maski, komanso kuthana ndi okosijeni.
Kukonzekera Kwazitsulo
Njirayi yothandizira anthu omwe ali ndi COPD, kuphatikizapo kuyesa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, maphunziro, ndi kuthandizira maganizo, ndizopindulitsa kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zoterezi zomwe sangakwanitse kuchita ntchito zawo tsiku ndi tsiku. Mothandizidwa ndi gulu la akatswiri, lomwe lingaphatikizepo madokotala, anamwino, opaleshoni ya kupuma, odwala matupi, odwala, odwala, ogwira ntchito zachipatala, odwala matenda a maganizo, mukhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa, kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi tsiku ndi tsiku, komanso kukhala ndi ndalama zochepetsera thanzi .
Kukonzekera kwa kayendetsedwe ka maulendo kuyenera kukhala motalika kokwanira kuti phindu likhale losapindulitsa popanda kukhala lolemetsa. Kwa anthu ena, izi zingatenge masiku angapo, pamene ena angafunike miyezi 18 kuti asonyeze kusintha.
Opaleshoni
Ngati mankhwala sakukulitsa zizindikiro zanu ndipo akupitiriza kukhala oopsa, dokotala wanu angapangire opaleshoni. Komabe, sikuti aliyense ali woyenera kupaleshoni yamapapo, kotero izi sizingakhale zosankha kwa inu.
Bullectomy
Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa bullae, yomwe ndi malo akuluakulu a mpweya omwe amapanga pamene makoma a mpweya wanu wawonongeke, monga COPD. Kutulutsa bullae imodzi kapena angapo kungathandize kusintha mpweya wanu.
Opaleshoni Yopewera Mphamvu
Mu opaleshoni iyi, minofu yowonongeka imachotsedwa kumtunda kwa mapapu anu. Izi zimathandiza mapapu anu kuti apitirize kukula kuti mupulumuke mosavuta ndipo zingatenge nthawi yaitali.
Kupalasa Kwambiri
Uku ndi opaleshoni yaikulu yomwe imaphatikizapo kubwezera mapapu anu owonongeka ndi mapapu abwino kuchokera kwa wopereka. Zingakhale zosankha ngati mapapu anu atayika kwambiri kwa opaleshoni ina. Ngakhale kukweza mapapu kungapangitse umoyo wanu kukhala wabwino, pali ngozi, kuphatikizapo kuti thupi lanu likanakana mapapo a wopereka. Muyenera kumwa mankhwala omwe amatetezera chitetezo cha mthupi lanu pa moyo wanu wonse, zomwe zimakuchititsani kuti mutha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV.
Njira Zochiritsira Zambiri
Pali vitamini ndi zowonjezerapo zina zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu, koma onetsetsani kuti mukulankhulana ndi dokotala wanu musanawonjezerepo kanthu kalikonse komwe mukukonzekera.
Vitamini C ndi E
Kafukufuku wochokera m'madera a ku Korea anasonyeza kuti kuonjezera zakudya zanu za Vitamins C ndi E, zomwe zonsezi ndi mankhwala ophera antioxidants, amatha kusintha mapapu, makamaka amuna. Sizidziwikiratu kuti mlingo uli wotani kuti ukhale wopindulitsa, koma izi zowonjezera zingakhale zofunikira kuziganizira.
Mafuta a Eucalyptus
Mafuta a eucalyptus amapezeka mumatope a chifuwa ndipo amawamasula. Pofufuza za mphamvu ya mafuta a eucalyptisti pakuchulukitsa COPD, ophunzira anapatsidwa makapisozi a cineole, chinthu chachikulu mu mafuta a eucalypt, katatu patsiku kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, pamodzi ndi mankhwala awo ochiritsira. Sikuti nthawi zambiri zovuta zinali zochepa, zochepa, komanso zochepa, koma cineole inathandiza kutsegula mpweya komanso kuchepetsa kutupa kwa mphepo, kupuma pang'ono ndi kutopa.
Mankhwala Osakaniza Owonjezera
Palinso mankhwala ena othandizira omwe angakuthandizeni kusintha umoyo wanu wonse pamene akuwonjezeredwa ku dongosolo lanu la mankhwala. Anthu ena amayesa mankhwala a zitsamba kuti athandize zizindikiro zawo za COPD, koma palibe kafukufuku wochuluka wokhuza kwawo. Onetsetsani kuti mungalankhule ndi dokotala musanayese njira ina.
Yoga
American College of Chest Physicians (CHEST) akuti yoga ndi yopindulitsa pamene muli ndi COPD. Phunziro laling'ono la anthu okhala ndi COPD, atatha maphunziro a yoga masabata 12, mapapu awo amagwira ntchito, mpweya wochepa, umoyo wake wonse, ndi kutupa kunasintha kwambiri.
Kupangidwanso
Kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala opangira thupi, kuyika singano zochepa m'magawo enaake, m'thupi, kungakhale njira yowonjezeramo yomwe mungayang'ane pamene muli ndi COPD. Kafukufuku wina wa anthu omwe ali ndi COPD akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala komanso anthu omwe amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala komanso mankhwala opangira mankhwala kwa masabata asanu ndi atatu omwe amapeza kuti mwa iwo ogwiritsira ntchito, kupuma pang'ono ndi kuchitapo kanthu ndi khalidwe la moyo kunali bwino kwambiri. Phunziro lina, lapita masabata khumi, likuwonetsa zotsatira zofanana.
Chifukwa chakuti thupi limakhala ndi zochepa zochepa, zingakhale zoyenera kuyesa kuona ngati zingathandize kusintha zizindikiro zanu. Zina zowonjezera zomwe mungapindule nazo zikuphatikizapo kugona bwino, kuchepetsa nkhawa, ndi kusintha maganizo anu.
Mkokomo Wokwiya
Flute Lungwe ndi chipangizo chopuma chogwiritsira ntchito chovomerezedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kuthandiza kuchotsa mapapu anu a mucus. Zimagwira ntchito popanga mazenera otsika kwambiri m'mapapu anu mukamawombera mwakachetechete. Izi zimathandiza kuthetsa ntchentche, zomwe zimakupangitsani kuti mukhale ndi chifuwa komanso muthamangitse.
Kafukufuku wina mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa amasonyeza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito Mphutsi Lungwe kunachititsa kuti zochepa zikhale zochepa, kusintha kwa mpweya wochepa pokhapokha ngati mutapumula ndi pamene mukugwira ntchito, ndi chifuwa chochepa komanso kupanga pulogm. Ophunzirawo adapeza kuti ndiwothandiza ndipo akufuna kuti agwiritse ntchito nthawi zonse. Mphamvu ya Lung imapezeka ndi mankhwala ovomerezeka ku United States, choncho lankhulani ndi dokotalayo ngati izi zingakhale zabwino kuwonjezera pa mankhwala anu.
> Zotsatira:
> Association of Lung America. Kusamalira Mankhwala Anu a COPD. Idasinthidwa pa December 16, 2017.
> Njira Yoyamba Yopeweratu Matenda Opatsirana. Mchitidwe Wadziko Lonse Wofufuza, Kuteteza, ndi Kuteteza Matenda Osawononga Zachilombo: Zizindikiro za 2018 . Lofalitsidwa November 20, 2017.
> Joshi P, Kim WJ, Lee SA. Zotsatira za Kachilombo ka Antioxidant Zakudya pa COPD ngozi: gulu la KoGES (Ansan-Anseong) la Community. Magazini Yachilendo Yopanda Kulepheretsa Matenda Opatsirana . 2015; 10: 2159-2168. lembani: 10.2147 / COPD.S91877.
> Chipatala cha Mayo Clinic. COPD: Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo. Chipatala cha Mayo. Idasinthidwa pa August 11, 2017.
> H, Schacher C, Dethlefsen U. Kulumikizana Kwambiri ndi Cineole Eucalyptole Imachepetsa Kuwonjezeka kwa COPD: Mayesero Awiri Oponderezedwa ndi Placebo. Kafukufuku Wopuma . 2009; 10 (1): 69. lembani: 10.1186 / 1465-9921-10-69.