Wokhumudwa Wopanda Chidziwitso Wachigonjetso Wolimbana ndi Chikhalire
Mmodzi mwa akazi opusa kapena ogontha kwambiri ndi Helen Keller (1880-1968). Anaphunzira kulankhulana ndipo anakhala wolemba wotchuka, mphunzitsi, ndi wotsutsa ndale.
Zaka Zakale
Helen Keller anabadwa pa June 27, 1880, ku Tuscumbia, Alabama. Malo ake obadwira ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale lero. Matenda osadziŵika anamumvetsera ndi kuona pamene anali ndi miyezi 19 yokha.
Atatayika onse awiri, banja lake silinathe kulankhula naye kapena kumuphunzitsa bwino. Iwo ankawona khalidwe lake ngati lopanda ndi losasintha.
Anne Sullivan anakhala mphunzitsi wa Helen Keller mu 1887, akugwira ntchito yomwe masiku ano amadziwika kuti yothandizira. Helen potsiriza anazindikira kuti zinthu zili ndi mayina pamene Sullivan anali ndi "madzi" otchuka kwambiri, akuwombera "madzi" m'manja mwa Helen pamene akukoka madzi pa dzanja la Helen kuti amve.
Pambuyo pake, panalibenso kuima Helen Keller. Iye anapita ku sukulu ya akhungu ndi masukulu ena. Anaphunzira kulankhula komanso kupukuta ndi zala zake. Anapita ku koleji ya Radcliffe ndi maphunziro omwe amapatsidwa ndi wogwira ntchito, wotupa wa Mafuta Oyera Henry Huttleston Rogers. Anamaliza sukulu ya Radcliffe College mu 1904 ali ndi zaka 24 ndi Bachelor of Arts degree.
Moyo Waumwini
Helen Keller sanakhale moyo wodzisankhira (mosiyana lero lomwe anthu ambiri ogontha amakhala moyo pawokha).
Nthaŵi zonse ankakhala ndi Anne Sullivan (komanso kwa zaka zochepa, mwamuna wa Anne Sullivan) kapena Polly Thompson, amene adalowa nawo nyumba m'ma 1930 ndipo anakhalabe pambuyo poti Sullivan anamwalira mu 1936. Zina mwa zinthu zomwe Helen Keller anali kutchuka pakuti kunena kwake kunali mawu ake akuti wogontha anali "chisautso chachikulu" kuposa khungu.
Helen Keller anamwalira pa June 1, 1968.
Helen Keller anali mtsogoleri wodalirika kwa anthu olumala. Anapita ku mayiko oposa 40, limodzi ndi Annie Sullivan. Anakumana ndi pulezidenti aliyense wa ku America akutumikira pa moyo wake wachikulire ndipo adalandira mpando wa Presidential Medal of Freedom ndi Purezidenti Lyndon B. Johnson mu 1964.
Keller analimbikitsa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu, akugwirizana ndi Industrial Workers of the World ndi Socialist Party ndi kuwachenjeza iwo. Anathandizira kupeza American Civil Liberties Union.
Zojambulajambula
Helen analemba momasuka za moyo wake, m'mabuku otsalira:
- "Mbiri ya Moyo Wanga" 1903: Keller analemba za moyo wake mpaka zaka 21. Zinalembedwa pamene anali ku koleji
- "Dziko Lomwe Ndikhalamo" 1908: Keller akutsata mbiri yake yokhudza moyo monga munthu wosamva.
- "Kuwala mu Mdima Wanga" 1927: Awa ndi mbiri yake yauzimu yomwe imasonyeza kuti iye amatsatira ziphunzitso za Emanuel Swedenborg.
- "Mphunzitsi: Anne Sullivan Macy"
Keller sanangotchula za moyo wake koma anali wolemba mabuku pazinthu zina. Zambiri mwa zolemba zake zasungidwa pa intaneti ndi American Foundation for the Blind (AFB), zomwe iye anali kugwirizana kwambiri.
Mabuku a Ana About Helen Keller
Helen Keller wakhala akuwerenga mabuku ambiri, makamaka mabuku a ana. Chifaniziro cha msungwana wamng'ono pozindikira chinenero kupyolera pamapemphero a mawu "madzi" m'manja mwake ndi kokondweretsa ana. Mabuku awa akhoza kulimbikitsa ana omwe samamva kapena akhungu. Angathandizenso mwana aliyense kuyamikira kuthana ndi mavuto oyankhulana. Nawa ena mwa iwo:
- "Mtsikana Wotchedwa Helen Keller"
- "Chithunzi cha Helen Keller"
- "Helen Keller: Kulimbika Mumdima"
Mabuku Achikulire Okhudza Helen Keller
Mabuku ambiri a mabuku akuluakulu akhala akunena za Helen Keller, ena mwa iwo omwe amaganizira za ubale wake ndi Anne Sullivan.
- "Helen ndi Mphunzitsi: Nkhani ya Helen Keller ndi Anne Sullivan Macy"
- "Helen Keller: Moyo"
Mafilimu About Helen Keller
Nkhani ya Helen inafotokozedwa mu sewero la "The Miracle Worker," ndipo inasinthidwa pazithunzi zazikulu ndi zazing'ono.
- Mafilimu oyambirira a 1962 anali Anne Bancroft ndi Patty Duke.
- Kukonzekera kwa televizidwe kwa "The Miracle Worker" mu 1979 kunamveka Melissa Gilbert.
- Komabe, chaka china chaka cha 2000, chinachitika ndi Hallie Kate Eisenberg. Nkhani Yotanthauzidwa ndi Yotchulidwa Yophiphiritsira Pulogalamu ya Medium ili ndi ndondomeko ya Disney ya "The Miracle Worker."
Cholowa
Monga gawo la cholowa cha Helen, dzina lake lavomerezedwa ndi mabungwe awiri ogwira ntchito pa zosowa za akhungu ndi ogontha:
- Mzinda wa Helen Keller wa Achinyamata Osamva-Akhungu ndi Akuluakulu
- Helen Keller International: Helen Keller anathandiza kukhazikitsa bungwe lomwe likuyang'anitsitsa kuyang'anitsitsa maso padziko lonse nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse itatha. Dzina loyambirira la bungwe, Permanent Blind Relief War Fund la Asilikali & Oyendetsa Alliance, potsirizira pake anasinthidwa kukhala Helen Keller International mu 1977.