Mphamvu Zake Potsiriza Lero
Samuel Heinicke anabadwa pa 14 April, 1727, mbali ya Europe yomwe tsopano ili mbali ya kummawa kwa Germany. Mu 1754, adayamba kuphunzitsa ophunzira - ndipo mmodzi wa iwo anali wogontha. Wophunzira wosamva uyu anali mnyamata. Anagwiritsa ntchito zilembo zamakono kuti aphunzitse ophunzira osamva.
Komabe, filosofi ya Heinicke inaphunzitsidwa mwamphamvu ndi bukhu, "Surdus loquens," kapena "Oyankhula Ogontha," za momwe dokotala wa ku Ulaya anaphunzitsira osamva kulankhula.
Bukuli likuti ndilo linalembedwa ndi munthu wina dzina lake Amman. Pofika mu 1768, anali kuphunzitsa wophunzira wosamva ku Eppendorf, Germany. Iye anafalitsa mwamsanga momwe Heinicke analili wophunzitsira wogontha, ndipo posakhalitsa anapeza ophunzira ambiri osamva.
Kuyambira Kugwiritsa Ntchito Njira Yoyankhula
Poyamba, Heinicke ankagwiritsa ntchito kulemba, chizindikiro, ndi manja kuti aphunzitse koma posakhalitsa ankaganiza kuti sikokwanira ndipo anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kulankhula ndi kuwerenga kuti aziphunzitsa. Anaphunzitsa kulankhula powachititsa ophunzira kumverera khosi. Heinicke ankadzimva kuti kukhala ndi mwayi wolankhula chinenero kunali kofunikira kwambiri pa chitukuko cha njira yoganiza. Komabe, n'zosadabwitsa kuti anayenera kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero chamanja ndi kugwiritsira ntchito manja mpaka ophunzira ake ataphunzira kulankhula . Malinga ndi chida chimodzi, Heinicke adayambitsa Language Machine kuti ayimire njira za kulankhula. Anagwiritsanso ntchito chakudya kuti aphunzitse kulankhula.
Pa nthawiyi - kuyambira 1773 mpaka 1775 - analemba nkhani za nyuzipepala za maphunziro osamva.
Heinicke analemba za ntchito yake yolankhulira ophunzira ophunzira osamva ndipo anazitcha "Oralism." Kuphunzitsa ogontha kunakhala ntchito ya nthawi zonse ya Heinicke - posakhalitsa analibenso ophunzira akumva - ndipo adalemba ngakhale buku lophunzitsira osamva.
Chinthu chochititsa chidwi ndi Heinicke ndi chakuti pamene ntchito yake monga wophunzitsa wogontha ikupita patsogolo, adakumananso ndi aphunzitsi ena osamva - Abbe de l'Epee, yemwe anali "atate wa chinenero cha manja" pamene Heinicke anakhala "atate wa njira ya German. " Ndizotheka kuwerenga makalata awa lero - Library ya Congress ili ndizinthu zotsatirazi:
Kusinthanitsa makalata pakati pa Samuel Heinicke ndi Abbe Charles Michel de l'Epee; njira imodzi yophunzitsira ogontha m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu, kuphatikizapo kubalana m'Chingelezi za magawo ochepa a kalata iliyonse [yotchulidwa ndi] Christopher B. Garnett, Jr.
[1st ed.]
New York, Vantage Press [1968]
Nambala ya Call of Congress: HV2471 .H4 1968
Kukhazikitsa Ophunzira Osamva
Mu 1777, mbiri yake monga mphunzitsi wogontha inakhazikitsidwa bwino kotero kuti adafunsidwa kuti atsegule sukulu yoyamba ya omvera. Sukuluyi inatsegulidwa ku Leipzig, Germany ndipo inali sukulu yoyamba ya ogontha omwe amavomerezedwa ndi boma. Dzina loyambirira la sukulu linali "Electoral Saxon Institute for Mutes ndi Anthu Ena Ovutika ndi Kulankhula Kwachinyengo," ndipo lero limadziwika kuti "Samuel Heinicke School for the Deaf." Sukulu, yomwe ili ku Karl Siegismund msewu 2, 04317 Leipzig, ili pa intaneti. Webusaitiyi ili ndi chithunzithunzi cha sukuluyi, yomwe inafotokozera zaka 225 kuti zikhalepo muchaka cha 2003 (sukuluyi ili nyumba yomwe ili ndi laibulale yaikulu yomwe ili ndi zaka zoposa 100).
Zaka khumi ndi ziwiri atatsegula sukuluyo, adamwalira ndipo mkazi wake adathamangitsa sukuluyi.
Atatsala pang'ono kufa, Heinicke analemekezedwa ndi East Germany mu 1978 pa sitimayi.
Zoonjezerapo
International Bibliography of Language Signs ali ndi mbiri ya Heinicke. Ntchito zambiri zomwe zatchulidwa zili m'Chijeremani.
Library ya Congress ili ndi buku lomwe limangonena za Heinicke: Osman, Nabil.
Samuel Heinicke / Nabil Osman.
München: Nashorn-Verlag, 1977.
29 p. ; 21 cm.
Library ya Congress Call Congress HV2426.H44 O85