Mwawonapo mawu akuti "First Responder" powasindikizidwa kapena kutchulidwa ndi woyimira pulezidenti kapena awiri. Masiku ano, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, koma anayamba monga mutu wa EMS, wodzaza ndi ndalama zambiri.
Zimene Woyamba Kuyankha zimadalira kumene mukukhala, koma mwina si ambulansi .
Kulimbana ndi Zoopsa za Zamankhwala
Chiyanjano cha Oyamba Oyamba ku ambulansi n'chosiyana ndi EMS .
Mosiyana ndi kukakamizidwa ndi malamulo kapena kuponderezedwa kwa moto, kumene munthu woyamba kufika pamalo akuyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zothetsera vutoli (mfuti kapena mapepala, malinga ndi zosowa), zovuta zachipatala ziyenera kuthandizidwa pazinthu ziwiri zosiyana:
- Siyani zoopsa kuti mupitirire ku zotsatira zovuta
- Kutumiza wodwalayo kuti asamalire mosamala (chipatala chadzidzidzi, chipatala, malo opweteketsa mtima, labu la catheterization ya mtima, etc.)
Ambulensi ndizofunika kuti azitsatira wodwalayo, koma ena omwe amachititsa zachipatala angathe kuchita choyamba. Iwo amatchedwa F irst R esponders , mawu omwe asinthika mwawailesi-makamaka kuyambira 9/11-kutanthauza onse oyankha mofulumira, koma mwachilungamo amangotchula anthu achipatala omwe amamenya ambulansi kumalo. Ambiri omwe amachitapo kanthu ndi ozimitsa moto, koma pali zitsanzo zina kuzungulira dzikoli, kuphatikizapo othandizira anthu omwe ali ndi azimayi odwala matendawa mu Quick Response Vehicles (QRV) kapena ngakhale pa njinga.
Akuluakulu a boma angathe kukwaniritsa udindo wa Woyankha Woyamba.
Ubale Wofunika wa Nthawi Yoyankha
Nthawi zowonetsera nthawi zambiri zimawoneka ngati mbali yofunika kwambiri pa maulendo atatu ofunikira: kuwatsata malamulo, kuponderezedwa kwa moto, ndi thandizo lachipatala ladzidzidzi (EMS). Izi zinapangidwira motere chifukwa zozizwitsa m'zinthu zonse zitatu zikhoza kukulirakulira mofulumira ndipo oyankha mofulumira akhoza kuchita chinachake kuti asiye ngati atapita kumeneko.
Apolisi akhoza kuyimitsa wopondereza kuti asamavulaze (kapena kuvulaza kwambiri kuposa kale); Dipatimenti yamoto imatha kupulumutsira anthu omwe akukumana nawo; EMS ikhoza kuyambitsanso munthu kumangidwa kwa mtima (chimodzi mwa ziwerengero zochepetsetsa zachipatala chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa kuti chidzafa ngati sichichiritsidwe mofulumira).
Mwinamwake chifukwa chodziwika kuti yankholo nthawizi ndilofunika chifukwa chakuti anthu amayembekeza kulira kwa thandizo kuti liyankhidwe mofulumira komanso mwachangu. Tikufuna kuganizira za ambulansi yomwe ikufuula pansi pamsewu ndi nyali zikuwomba ndi kulira kwa siren. Sipadzakhala chodzidzimutsa chofunikira koposa vuto lathu .
Nthawi zambiri, komabe, mphindi siziwerengera-osachepera ma ambulansi. Palibe phunziro limodzi lomwe limagwirizana ndi zotsatira zabwino za odwala (odwala akukhala bwino) pamodzi ndi ma ambulansi akufika pambali ya wodwalayo kale. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti munthu sayenera kufika msanga, koma sayenera kukhala ambulansi.
Njira zothetsera Kufulumira
Mitundu ingapo imakhudza nthawi yamayendedwe-magalimoto, geography, kulephera kwa makina, kutumiza njira, etc. - koma kusiyana kwakukulu ndiko kupezeka kwazinthu.
Ngati pali ambulansi nthawi zonse mutakhala 911 , kuyitana kwadzidzidzi kungapeze ambulansi mkati mwa maminiti khumi. Ndi lamulo losavuta.
Nthawi zonse kukhala ndi ma ambulansi amapezeka kuti zikhoza kufika pamalo khumi mphindi 100 peresenti. Njira yokhayo yowonjezera omvera omwe analipo nthawi zonse ingakhale ikusefukira dongosolo ndi zipangizo. Izi sizichitika chifukwa kupezeka kwazinthu kumafuna ndalama. Ola lililonse la kupezeka-lomwe nthawi zambiri limatchedwa ora limodzi-limakhala ndi ndalama zochuluka zogwirizana nazo: malipiro a antchito, mafuta, kuvala ndi kugwetsa pa zipangizo, ndalama zogulira zinthu, ndalama zophunzitsira, ndi zina zotero.
Izi zimapanga mpikisano pakati pa zenizeni za ndalama za mtengo ndi chiyembekezo cha utumiki ndi anthu.
M'malo mwa njira yodalirika yokhala ndi maola ochuluka ku machitidwe, ndizotheka kufalitsa zochulukirapo zambiri kuchokera pa ora limodzi lililonse ndikukweza zowonjezera. Ngati ambulansi iliyonse ingayankhe maulendo ambiri othandizira pa ora, kufunika kwazinthu zina zowonjezera kumachepetsedwa. Zimakhala bwino zomwe zimawoneka m'dongosolo lomwe likuyendetsa bwino zinthu zake. Pachifukwa ichi, ma municipalities ambiri amayesa nthawi yogonjera ngati wothandizila za thanzi la EMS. Pansi (AKA mofulumira ) nthawi yotsatila, bwino dongosolo likuchita.
Kodi Otsatira Woyamba Ayenera Kukhala Atsogoleredwe?
Kunena za ndalama, pali kutsutsana ku EMS kuti ndi Wotani Woyamba, EMT kapena wamapirisi. Chithandizo chamoyo wapamwamba (ALS) Otsatira Woyamba ali ndi azimayi othandizira opaleshoni komanso thandizo lachidziwitso la moyo (BLS) Otsutsa Woyamba ali ndi katswiri wa zachipatala wodalirika (EMT). Ma Paramedics ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.
Mndandanda wazinthu zomwe ziyenera kuchitikadi mkati mwa nthawi yoyamba zachipatala mwamsanga ( CPR , defibrillation , control bleeding , epinephrine administration , ndi chitsimikizo chotsitsimutsa mpweya) ndi njira zonse zomwe zingatheke ndi EMT. Zinthu izi zitayambika, zochitika zadzidzidzi zatsirizika, kapena pang'onopang'ono. Wodwalayo pafupifupi amafunikira chithandizo chowonjezereka ndi kutumiza kupita kuchipatala chotsimikizika, koma mphindi zingapo sizingapange kusiyana kwakukulu panthawiyi. Otsutsa Woyamba akuyenera kukhala pafupi (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti timafunikira zambiri) ndipo zimapezeka kuti tiyankhe mofulumira mukatchula 911. Kugwiritsa ntchito BLS anthu oyambirira kuyankha kumathandiza kuti zitheke.
Chitsanzo Chachizolowezi
Ndiroleni ine ndigwiritse ntchito chitsanzo cha kumangidwa kwa mtima kuti muwonetsere momwe izo zikugwirira ntchito:
- Mtima wa wodwala umasiya kuyamwa magazi mokwanira (kumangidwa kwa mtima).
- Kuitana kwa pulogalamu 911 ndikuyamba CPR (Wowonjezera CPR, mawonekedwe a chisamaliro cha BLS).
- Oyankha zachipatala amabwera ndikupitiriza kuchita CPR, tsopano ndi kuwonjezera kupuma kupuma (BLS chisamaliro, chomwe chikhoza kuchitidwa ndi BLS kapena ALS First Responders, kapena ambulansi iliyonse, ndipo iyenera kuyambitsidwa mkati mwa mphindi zisanu za kutumiza koyambirira).
- Oyankha zachipatala amachititsa munthu wodwala matendawa kuti amuthandize komanso amamupweteketsa mtima (BLS care, yomwe ingapangidwe ndi BLS kapena ALS First Responders, kapena ambulansi iliyonse, ndipo iyenera kuyambitsidwa mkati mwa mphindi zisanu zapachiyambi).
- Otsata zamankhwala amayamba mzere wothandizira kuti azitha kupereka mankhwala ndi madokotala (ALS chisamaliro, chomwe chikhoza kuchitidwa ndi ALS First Responders kapena ALS ambulansi, ndipo chiyenera kuyambitsidwa mkati mwa mphindi khumi za kutumiza koyambirira).
- Otsata zamankhwala amapita patsogolo kuti apulitsire wodwala (chisamaliro cha ALS, chomwe chingakhoze kuchitidwa ndi ALS First Responders kapena ma ambulansi a ALS, ndipo ayenera kuyambitsidwa mkati mwa mphindi khumi pa zoyambirira kutumiza).
- Oyankha zachipatala amapereka mankhwala kwa wodwalayo (ALS chisamaliro, chomwe chingakhoze kuchitidwa ndi ALS First Responders kapena ma ambulansi a ALS, ndipo ayenera kuyambitsidwa mkati mwa mphindi khumi pa zoyambirira kutumiza).
- Oyankha zachipatala amakonzekeretsa wodwalayo kuti apite ku chipatala ndikunyamula wodwalayo kupita ku ambulansi (amafuna ambulansi, yomwe iyenera kupezeka pambali ya wodwala mkati mwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu kuchokera pamatumizidwe oyambirira).
Zochitika ziwiri zoyamba zikuchitika asanafike akayankha. Zochitika zitatu ndi zinayi zikhoza kuchitidwa ndi munthu aliyense wa ALS kapena BLS, ambulansi kapena injini yamoto. Zomwe zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zimafunikira othandizira odwala ndipo ayenera kukhala ndi mayankho a ALS, injini yamoto, kapena ambulansi. Khwerero eyiti amafunika ambulansi.
Sikuti nthawi zonse kugwiritsa ntchito othandizira opaleshoni kungawoneke ngati kuchepa kwa chithandizo chamankhwala, koma mu 2005, USA Today inafotokoza magawo asanu omwe akusonyeza kuti ma EMS omwe ali ndi odwala opaleshoni ochepa omwe ali ndi vuto lopulumuka mtima. Ngati muitanitsa 911 kuti mukudandaule ndi zamankhwala, musawopsyeze ngati munthu amene mukumuyembekezera sakuwonekera poyamba. Woyamba kumvetsera amadziwa momwe angathandizire.
> Zotsatira:
> Sanghavi P, Jena AB, Newhouse JP, AM Zaslavsky. Zotsatira Pambuyo pa Kutsegulidwa kwa Cardiac Hospital Kuchitidwa ndi Basic vs Advanced Life Support. JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Feb; 175 (2): 196-204. lembani: 10.1001 / jamainternmed.2014.5420.
> Sanghavi P, Jena AB, Newhouse JP, AM Zaslavsky. Zotsatira za Basic Basicus Moyo Wowonjezera Moyo Wothandizira Mavuto Achipatala Achipatala Osatuluka. Ann Intern Med . 2015 Nov 3; 163 (9): 681-90. onetsani: 10.7326 / M15-0557. Epub 2015 Oct 13.