Nchifukwa chiyani wina angaganize kuti imfa yafulumira?
Nchifukwa chiyani anthu amafuna kudzipha kuchipatala? Pamene njirayi yakhala ikupezeka m'mayiko omwe akusankhidwa ndi mayiko kwa zaka zambiri, zochitikazo zimakhala zosiyana ndi zomwe mumaganiza kapena mantha.
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti odwala omwe ali pachiopsezo sawumirizidwa kuti asankhe. M'malo mwake, wodwalayo ali ndi khansa, ndi wamkulu, woyera, wophunzira kwambiri, ndipo alibe ululu wopweteka kwambiri.
Iye wataya ufulu ndi umoyo wa moyo , mantha amawonjezereka, ndipo amasankha kusankha nthawi ya kutuluka kwake.
Kutayika kwa Ulamuliro ndi Makhalidwe Abwino
Kukula kwakukulu kwapangidwa pokonza chisamaliro cha kutha kwa moyo kupyolera mu chisamalidwe cholera ndi mapulogalamu ochiritsa, koma nthawizina sikokwanira. Ambiri okalamba ndi odwaladwala ambiri ku America amamwalira, ndipo nyumba zambiri za okalamba sizikhala pansi.
Matenda otha msinkhu komanso omwe amatha kukhala ndi moyo angapangitse munthu kumverera ngati ataya moyo wawo wonse. Thupi silikuchita zomwe likuyenera ndipo palibe njira yothetsera. Kudzipha kwachipatala (PAS) kungamve ngati njira yowonjezeretsanso zina mwazomwezi. Ngati sangathe kulamulira matendawa, angathe kusamalira momwe amamwalira.
Umoyo wa moyo ndi mphamvu yogonjetsa odwala omwe akufuna PAS. Kutaya ulamuliro, kapena kusadziyang'anira nokha ndi kupanga zosankha zanu, akufotokozedwa mu 90 peresenti ya PAS ku Oregon.
Zotsatira zotsatirazi ndikutaya ulemu ndi kutaya mwayi wokhala nawo mbali zosangalatsa. Sizitanthauza kuti kuvutika kwenikweni kumachepetsanso umoyo wa moyo.
Kwa iwo omwe akuvutika mu masiku awo otsiriza, moyo ukhoza kukhala chokondweretsa. Angaganize kuti zidzathetsa mavuto awo ndi kuchepetsa mavuto awo pa okondedwa awo.
Kudzipha wothandizira wodwala kungaoneke ngati njira yabwino kwa iwo ndi mabanja awo.
Madokotala Anathandizira Madzidzidzidzi Odzipha
M'madera a United States komwe kuli malamulo, chiŵerengero cha madokotala omwe anathandizidwa ndi imfa anali 0.1 peresenti mpaka 0,2 peresenti ya anthu onse akufa, pamene ku Netherlands ndi 1.8 peresenti mpaka 2,9 peresenti ya imfa zonse.
US
Kudzipha kwa dokotala kumakhala kovomerezeka m'zinenero zisanu mu 2017: Oregon, Washington, Montana, Colorado, Vermont, ndi California. Zakhala zovomerezeka ku Oregon kuyambira 1997 ndipo Oregon Health Authority imapereka lipoti lapachaka la PAS.
Zifukwa zomwe odwala amapereka popempha PAS ku Oregon zakhala zikugwirizana mu malipoti kwa zaka 20:
- 90 peresenti inanena kuti kuchepa kukhoza kuchita nawo ntchito zomwe zinapangitsa moyo kukhala wosangalatsa
- 90 peresenti inanena za kusowa kwa ufulu
- 65 peresenti inanena kuti kutaya ulemu kulibe
Mawerengero ambiri a Oregon ndi awa:
- Ocheperapo awiri pa atatu aliwonse a oregon odwala omwe amalandira mankhwala a PAS amafa chifukwa chomwa mankhwala. Chiwerengero chimenecho chatsala zaka zoposa makumi awiri. Chiwerengero chaka chilichonse kulandira mankhwalawa ndi chaching'ono, ngakhale chikukula, chikuchulukira kuchokera pansi pa 100 pa chaka kupyolera mu 2010 kufika pa 200 pachaka mu 2015 ndi 2016.
- Odwala 1,127 okha anamwalira ndi kudzipha kuchipatala ku Oregon kuyambira 1997 mpaka 2016 pomwe malemba 1,749 analembedwa.
- 90 peresenti ya Oregon PAS odwala anamwalira pakhomo ndipo 88 peresenti ya iwo analembedwera pulogalamu yachipatala.
- Nkhani zodzipha zogwira ntchito zachipatala ndi 37.2 pa 10,000 anthu ophedwa ku Oregon, chiwerengerocho chikuphatikizapo kuyambira 2010.
- Ocheperapo 1 peresenti ya madokotala ku Oregon ndi Washington alemba kalata ya PAS chaka ndi chaka.
Canada: Kudzipha wothandizira wodwala kunalembedwa mwalamulo ku Quebec mu 2016 ndi dziko lonse mu June 2016.
The Netherlands:
- Kudzipha wothandizidwa ndi dokotala ndilamulo panthawi yovuta.
- Ufulu wokasankha kudzipha wodwala umasangalatsidwa kwambiri.
- 60 peresenti ya madokotala a ku Dutch apempha zopempha za PAS.
Belgium : Legalized euthanasia mu 2002.
Luxembourg : Lamulo la Euthanasia ndipo linathandiza kudzipha mu 2009.
UK: Kupha munthu wodwala kuchipatala ndiloletsedwa. Mchitidwe womwe ulipo tsopano uyenera kuyang'ana pa chisamaliro cholera , osati euthanasia.
Kumalo Ena Padzikoli: Kudzipha kuthandiza wodwala ndi lamulo mwa malamulo osamveka bwino ku Colombia, ndi ku Japan.
> Zotsatira:
> Imfa ndi Ulemu Act. Oregon Health Authority. http://www.oregon.gov/OHA/PH/ProviderPartnerResources/KusanthulaResearch/DewithwithDignityAct/pages/index.aspx.
> Emanuel EJ, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD, Urwin JW, Cohen J. Maganizo ndi Zochita za Euthanasia ndi Physician-Assisted Kudzipha ku United States, Canada, ndi Europe. Jama . 2016; 316 (1): 79. lembani: 10.1001 / jama.2016.8499.
> Ganzini L, Goy ER, Dobscha SK. Zifukwa za Oregoni Zopempha Udokotala Wothandizira Pofa. Archives of Internal Medicine . 2009; 169 (5): 489. lembani: 10.1001 / archinternmed.2008.579.
> Steck N, Egger M, Maessen M, Reisch T, Zwahlen M. Euthanasia ndi Odzipha Odzipha M'mayiko Osiyanasiyana a ku Ulaya ndi mayiko a US. Thandizo la Zamankhwala . 2013; 51 (10): 938-944. do: 10.1097 / mlr.0b013e3182a0f427.