Momwe mungadziwire ngati mukusowa lingaliro lachiwiri
Anthu amalakwitsa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo madokotala sangathe kuchita izi. Kuwonjezera apo, madokotala ena amakhala osamala kwambiri pamene ena amakhala ovuta kwambiri. Kotero zofufuza zawo ndi ndondomeko zingakhale zosiyana kwambiri. Pachifukwachi, odwala ambiri akupeza lingaliro lachiwiri pambuyo pozindikira. Kaya dokotala akukulimbikitsani opaleshoni , amapanga matenda a kansa kapena adziwe matenda omwe sapezeka, pali phindu lalikulu kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri.
Zopindulitsa izi zimaphatikizapo chirichonse kuchokera mu mtendere wamaganizo ndi chitsimikiziro, kupita kuchipatala chatsopano kapena ndondomeko yosiyana ya mankhwala.
Ngakhale ngati lingaliro lanu lachiwiri limatsimikizira zomwe mukudziwa kale, lingakhale lopindulitsa. Pambuyo pake, mudzadziwa kuti mwachita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti mupeze chithandizo choyenera ndi dongosolo la mankhwala lomwe limakuwonani bwino. Lingaliro lachiwiri likhoza kuzindikiranso njira zina zothandizira zomwe dokotala woyamba sananene. Chotsatira chake, mumadziŵa zambiri za zomwe zilipo kwa inu ndipo mukhoza kupanga chisankho chophunzitsidwa zaumoyo wanu ndi dongosolo lanu la mankhwala.
Kodi Kafukufuku Amati Chiyani Ponena za Mfundo Zachiwiri?
Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi Mchipatala cha Mayo adapeza kuti oposa 88 peresenti ya odwala omwe akufunafuna kachiwiri amachoka ku ofesiyo ndi matenda atsopano kapena oyeretsedwa. Pakalipano, 21 peresenti ya anthu adzachoka ndi "zosiyana kwambiri" ndi matenda.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, phunzirolo, lomwe linafalitsidwa mu Journal of Assessment mu Clinical Practice , linapeza kuti 12 peresenti ya odwala adzadziwa kuti chiyambi cha matendawa chinali cholondola. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mmodzi mwa odwala asanu omwe adawawona adapezeka mosayenera.
Phunziroli, ochita kafukufuku adawerengera odwala 286 omwe akuchokera kuchipatala cha Mayo kuchipatala cha General Internal Medicine Division ku Rochester.
Phunziroli lidachitika kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2009 mpaka kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2010. Zomwe zinalimbikitsa anthu kuti aganizirepo mbali ziwiri ndizo kupeza chitsimikizo cha momwe iwo akudziwira, osakhutira ndi zokambirana, kufuna kudziwa zambiri, komanso kuthana ndi zizindikiro zosalekeza.
Pakalipano, kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi akatswiri a Johns Hopkins Medicine akunena kuti zolakwika zachipatala ziyenera kukhala chiwerengero chachitatu cha imfa ku United States, ndikuthandizira kufunika kokambirana. Phunziro lawo, iwo anaganiza kuti anthu oposa 250,000 a ku America amamwalira chaka chilichonse kuchokera ku zolakwika zachipatala, kupanga zolakwika pachitatu chifukwa chachikulu cha imfa ya matenda a mtima ndi khansa. Koma iwo amanena kuti zolakwa izi sizinalembedwe molondola ndi Centers for Disease Control.
Ndi liti pamene muyenera kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri?
Ngakhale simukusowa chifukwa chokhalira ndi lingaliro lachiwiri, nthawi zina kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri kungakhale njira yabwino kwambiri. Komanso, ngati madokotala awiri omwe mukuwona kuti sakugwirizana, ndiye kuti kungakhale kwanzeru kupeza lingaliro lachitatu. Kumbukiraninso, kuti lingaliro lachiwiri silo lingaliro loyenera. Chinsinsi ndicho kupitiriza kukumba mpaka matenda ndi chithandizo ndi zomveka kwa inu:
- Pezani yankho lachiwiri ngati mwalandira mankhwala koma zizindikiro zanu zikupitirira . Palibe amene amadziwa thupi lanu bwino kuposa inu. Ndipo ngati zizindikiro zanu zikupitirirabe ngakhale mutalandira chithandizo, zingakhale nthawi yopempha uphungu wa madokotala ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana. Nthaŵi zambiri, anthu samadzilimbitsa okha. Mmalo mwake, amaganiza kuti nthawi zonse azikhala ndi ululu wosatha kapena malingaliro osasangalatsa. Koma kumbukirani, njira yokha yomwe muti mupite kuchipatala chomwe chimagwira ntchito ndi ngati mukupeza bwino. Kotero ngati inu simukukhala bwino ndipo zizindikiro zanu sizikuchoka, musakonzekere izo. Pitani kwa madokotala ena chifukwa cha maganizo awo.
- Pezani yankho lachiwiri ngati mutapezeka kuti muli ndi matenda osowa . Nthawi zina matenda ndi osowa kwambiri moti pali kafukufuku wochepa kwambiri. Izi zikachitika, zingakhale zokhumudwitsa komanso zowopsya kupeza kuti mwapezeka kuti muli ndi chinthu chosavuta. Koma simuli nokha. Pafupifupi 1 pa 10 Achimerika amapezeka ndi matenda osadziwika . Zowonjezerapo, pali pafupifupi 7,000 zomwe zimadziwika bwino zosavuta ndi zina zomwe zimapezeka chaka chilichonse malinga ndi National Organization for Rare Disorders. Chifukwa pali zambiri zochepa zomwe zilipo pokhudzana ndi matenda osadziwika ndi zovuta, ndikofunika kuchita kafukufuku wanu, chifukwa chiopsezo cha matenda osokoneza bongo ndi chofunikira. Fufuzani madokotala ndi akatswiri omwe asamalira matenda anu ndikupeza maganizo awo. Mukufuna kutsimikiza kuti mukupeza chithandizo chabwino chomwe mungachipeze.
- Pezani yankho lachiwiri ngati chithandizo chovomerezeka chiri choopsya, chikufuna opaleshoni, chiri chovuta kapena chiri ndi zotsatirapo zamuyaya . Si nzeru kugwirizana ndi opaleshoni kapena njira ina yosawonongeka popanda kufufuza zomwe mungachite. Komabe, anthu ena amaganiza kuti ngati dokotala akufotokoza njira, ayenera kuvomereza. Koma kumbukirani kuti ndi thupi lanu ndi moyo wanu. Inu mwamtheradi muli ndi chonena mu mankhwala omwe inu mukuvomera. Zotsatira zake, zingakhale mwanzeru kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri ngati dokotala akuvomereza chinthu chofunika ngati opaleshoni. Kuchita zinthu mwakhama komanso kusonkhanitsa zambiri kudzakupatsani mphamvu zowonjezereka pa chithandizo chanu kumapeto.
- Pezani yankho lachiwiri ngati mutapezeka ndi khansa. Ndi chinachake chowopsa ngati khansara, zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera kwa katswiri wina zimakhala zomveka. Sikuti kokha matenda opatsirana khansa angakhale osokoneza komanso olemetsa, komabe ndikumasintha moyo. Choncho, ndikofunikira kuti mudziwe bwino momwe mungathere ndi njira zomwe mungathe kuchita. Kumbukirani kuti palibe dokotala wina yemwe amadziwidwa bwino za zomwe apeza kuchokera pa phunziro lililonse ndi mayesero a zachipatala m'dzikoli. Madokotala ndi anthu okha. Ndicho chifukwa chake muyenera kudzinenera nokha . Kupeza malingaliro oonjezera kumangowonjezera mwayi woti mutha kuyenda ndi dongosolo labwino la chithandizo, zowonjezereka, othandizira ena a inshuwalansi amafunanso kachiwiri kafukufuku wa khansa.
- Pezani lingaliro lachiwiri ngati matumbo anu akukufotokozerani kuti chinachake chikutha. Mwa njira zonse ngati simuli omasuka ndi matendawa kapena chithandizo chovomerezeka, tengani yankho lachiwiri. Musagwirizanepo ndi ndondomeko kapena njira ya mankhwala pamene simukukondwera nazo. Khulupirirani matumbo anu ndi kusonkhanitsa zambiri. Funsani mafunso okhudza zolemba zanu . Lankhulani ndi anzanu. Kambiranani ndi dokotala watsopano. Ndipo werengani za chikhalidwe chanu. Palibe amene ayenera kumverera ngati akuyenera kutsatira malangizo a dokotala popanda kufunsa mafunso ndi kusonkhanitsa zambiri. Zosankha zochepa zogwirira ntchito zachipatala zimayenera kupangidwa pomwepo. Kotero ngati chinachake sichimamverera bwino, ndiye mwa njira zonse, fufuzani zochitika zanu ndi kukambirana ndi dokotala wina.
Mawu Ochokera
Kumbukirani, simuli ovuta kapena simukugwirizana ndi zomwe mukuchita mukamapempha kachiwiri. Mukukhala anzeru ndipo muli ndi mphamvu . Muyenera nthawi zonse kutenga nawo mbali mu chisamaliro chanu, ndipo kupeza lingaliro lachiwiri ndi gawo lofunika pazochitikazo. Komanso, madokotala ambiri amayembekezera ndikulimbikitsana maganizo. Choncho, khalani patsogolo ndi dokotala wanu za chikhumbo chanu chofuna kudziwa zambiri. Ndipo ngati sakukuthandizani kapena kukupatsani nthawi yovuta, ikhoza kukhala nthawi ya dokotala watsopano.
> Zotsatira:
> National Institute of Health. "Maganizo aŵiri oleza mtima omwe akuyendera: kuyang'anitsitsa kayendedwe ka khalidwe ndi zotsatira pa matenda, matenda, ndi kukhutira," US National Library of Medicine, May 2014. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24797646
> NPR. "Zolakwa Zamankhwala Zilipo. 3 Chifukwa Cha Imfa ya US, Ochita Kafukufuku Amati", May 3, 2016. http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/05/03/476636183/death-certificates-undercount -kusowa-mankhwala-zolakwika
> Achinyamata, EZ. "Ofufuza pa chipatala cha Mayo amasonyeza kufunika kokambirana maganizo," Mayo Clinic News Network, April 2017. https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/mayo-clinic-researchers-demonstrate-value-of-second-opinions/