Matendawa Amtundu wa Nervous System Nthawi zambiri Amasowa chifukwa cha Parkinson
Mankhwala ambiri atrophy (MSA) ndi matenda omwe amachititsa magawo ambiri a dongosolo lamanjenje kukhala osasintha. MSA ikuphatikizapo syndromes atatu: Matenda a Shy-Drager, kuthamanga kwa striatonigral, ndi olivopontocerebellar atrophy. MSA ndi matenda opitirirabe omwe amachititsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino, gawo la thupi lanu lomwe limayendetsa zinthu zopanda chidziwitso monga chimbudzi ndi kupuma.
MSA imakhudza kulikonse pakati pa anthu awiri ndi 15 pa 100,000. Zitha kutenga nthawi kuti mulandire matenda a MSA chifukwa cha kufanana pakati pa MSA ndi zina, monga matenda a Parkinson . MSA kawirikawiri imapezeka kuti ili ndi zaka 50 ndipo imapezeka m'mitundu yonse. Chizindikiro chimayamba, matendawa amakula mofulumira.
Zizindikiro Zambiri za Atrophy
Zizindikiro za MSA zimachokera ku imfa ya mitsempha ya mitsempha mumatope. Chomwe chimayambitsa kuperewera kwa maselo a mitsempha sikudziwikabe. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MSA yoyamba yowonongeka, kusokonekera kwa erectile mwa amuna, amasiya kuthamanga kwa magazi poima (hythodetic hypotension), kutaya, ndi kudzimbidwa. Pamene zizindikiro zikupita patsogolo, zimagwa pansi pa magulu awiri:
- Mtundu wa Parkinsonian (MSA-P): izi zimaphatikizapo zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda a Parkinson monga kutentha kwa mpumulo, kupweteka kwa minofu,
- Mtundu wa cerebellar (MSA-C): umaphatikizapo kuyenda movutikira (ataxia), kumabweretsa kusunga, komanso kusokoneza kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe kaufulu.
Zizindikiro zina zogwirizana ndi MSA ndizovuta kuyankhula kapena kumeza, kugona tulo, ndi manja ozizira. Anthu ena angakhalenso ndi vuto la kugona, kuchepa kwa minofu ndi mafuponi, Matenda a Pisa - kumene thupi likuwoneka likudalira mbali imodzi, kuusa moyo mopanda chidwi, ndi antecollis - zomwe zimachitika pamene khosi likugwedezeka ndipo mutu ukugwera pansi.
MSA ikuwunikira bwanji
Zingakhale zovuta kusiyanitsa MSA ku Parkinson's disease . Njira imodzi yosiyanitsira awiriwa ndi kuyang'ana momwe matendawa akufulumira. MSA ikupita patsogolo mofulumira kuposa momwe Parkinson amachitira. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MSA adzafunikira chipangizo chothandizira, monga njinga ya olumala kapena ndodo, m'zaka zingapo atapezeka.
Njira yina yosiyanitsira pakati paziwirizi ndikuteteza kwa Parkinson. MSA samayankha bwino kwa levodopa, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa Parkinson. Mwamwayi, autopsy ndiyo njira yokhayo yotsimikiziranso kuti MSA. Kuyesedwa kwapadera, monga PET kanema (positron emission tomography), kukhoza kutulutsa mitundu yina ya matenda osadziwika a ubongo.
MSA Chithandizo
Pakalipano, palibe mankhwala a MSA, komanso palibe mankhwala omwe amalinganiza kuti asinthe kapena kusiya matenda. Zina mwa matendawa ndi zovuta komanso zovuta kuchiza. Matenda amtunduwu amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi levodopa ndi carbidopa (Sinemet), koma izi zimakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa.
Mankhwala ena monga bromocriptine (Parlodel), trihexyphenidyl (Artane), benztropine mesylate (Cogentin), ndi amantadine (Symmetrel), amatha kupatsanso mpumulo.
Mankhwala othandiza thupi, kuphatikizapo mankhwala a aqua, angathandize kuti minofu ikhale yogwira ntchito, komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chingathandize kuthetsa vuto lililonse lomeza kapena kulankhula.
Zimene Kafukufuku Amanena
Zochepa zimadziwika za njira zomwe zimagwira ntchito m'magulu osiyanasiyana. Ofufuza pa National Institute of Neurological Disorders ndi Stroke (NINDS) akuyesera kupeza chifukwa chake mapuloteni alpha-synuclein amamanga m'maselo amodzimodzi (maselo omwe amapereka chitetezo cha neurons mu dongosolo lamanjenje) la anthu omwe ali ndi MSA ndi neuronal (mitsempha) ya maselo a anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Parkinson. Chiyeso cha mankhwala chinayesera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa kuti richepetse matenda, koma chithandizocho sichinali chotheka.
Deta kuchokera ku phunziro lino tsopano ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu maphunziro ena a MSA.
Zotsatira
Diedrich, A., & Robertson, D. (2002). Maulendo ambiri a atrophy. eMedicine, imapezeka pa http://www.emedicine.com/neuro/topic671.htm
National Institute of Neurological Disorders ndi Stroke. Makhalidwe Ambiri a Atrophy Fact Sheet. November 2014.