Phototherapy Types, Advantages, and Drawbacks
Phototherapy, yomwe imadziwikanso ngati mankhwala othandiza, ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala othandiza kwambiri pa psoriasis . Zimaphatikizapo kuwonetsa khungu mphamvu ya UV. Zakhala zikudziwika kwa zaka zambiri kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa kungapangitse matenda ambiri a kutupa khungu, kuphatikizapo psoriasis, eczema , ndi vitiligo. Koma kodi chithunzichi ndi chiyani? Zimagwira bwanji ntchito? Kodi zotsatira zake zingakhale zotani?
Ndipo mwina kungakhale njira yabwino ya chithandizo kwa inu?
Chiyambi: Mphamvu Zamagetsi
Dzuwa lathu limapereka mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Zina mwa izi zimabwera mu mawonekedwe a kuwala. Koma dzuŵa limaperekanso mitundu ina ya mphamvu zamagetsi. Mpweya wa ultraviolet (UV) mphamvu imatanthawuza mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zili ndifupikitsa komanso mphamvu zoposa kuwala komwe timawona:
- Makamaka, ma radiation a UVA ali ndi mawonekedwe aatali kwambiri kuposa a kuwala kooneka.
- UVB ndi dzuwa lotsatira. Mtundu wa ma radiation uli ndi mawonekedwe afupi kwambiri. Ali ndi mphamvu pang'ono kuposa ma radiation a UVA.
Zowopsya Zowonjezera Mazira a UV
Mazira onse a UVA ndi UVB alowa m'mlengalenga. Kuwonekera kwambiri kwa miyezi imeneyi kungapweteke khungu. Mwachindunji, UVB ndi amene amachititsa kuti dzuwa liwotchedwe, ndipo onse awiri a UVA ndi UVB amathandiza kwambiri pakhungu la khungu komanso khansa ya khungu . Ndicho chifukwa chake nkofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera khungu, ngati sunscreen.
Kuchiza kwa UV kwa Psoriasis
Pa psoriasis, kuchepa pang'ono kwa mazira a UV kungakhalenso ndi zotsatira zabwino. UV rayation imakhala ndi zotsatira zosamalitsa thupi komanso zotsutsana ndi maselo a khungu lanu. Chifukwa psoriasis imaphatikizapo kutupa kwambiri khungu, kuyang'ana kwa miyezi imeneyi kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa zizindikiro zanu.
Asayansi akuphunziranso za njira zina zomwe zimathandiza kuthandizira psoriasis.
Kujambula zithunzi kumaphatikizapo kuwonetsa malo okhudzidwawo kuti apange magetsi apadera a ultraviolet. Phototherapy ndi yothandiza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa kapena oopsa omwe amakhudza mbali yaikulu ya thupi lawo.
Mitundu ya Phototherapy
Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2000, adokotala anayamba kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yothandiza anthu omwe ali ndi psoriasis. Masiku ano pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zojambula zothandizira psoriasis. Mitundu itatu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito lero ndi:
- Broadband ultraviolet B (BB-UVB)
- Narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB)
- Psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA)
Inde, mawonekedwe osavuta komanso akale kwambiri a phototherapy ndi osavuta kuwonetsera dzuwa kwa nthawi yochepa. Komabe, chifukwa cha zotsatira zogwira mtima komanso zotetezeka kwambiri, odwala amalimbikitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chithunzi.
BB-UVB ndi NB-UVB
BB-UVB ndiyo njira yoyamba yopangira chithunzi. Zimaphatikizapo kufotokoza khungu kuti likhale lowala pakati pa 290 ndi 313mm.
Patapita zaka, ochita kafukufuku anapanga mtundu wina wa mankhwala a UVB omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mapulaneti ang'onoang'ono (pakati pa 308 ndi 313nm). Ndicho chifukwa chake amatchedwa "banding'ono band". NB-UVB tsopano ndiyo njira yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo:
- Ndizothandiza kwambiri kuposa BB-UVB.
- Angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazosiyana zosiyanasiyana za khungu.
- Ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kuposa njira zina zojambula.
- Zili ndi zotsatira zochepa poyerekeza ndi BB-UVB kapena PUVA.
Mitundu yonse ya mankhwala a UVB ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito mutagwiritsa ntchito ndondomeko yamatope. Njira imeneyi, yomwe ingachititse mankhwalawo kukhala ovuta kwambiri, amadziwika kuti Goeckerman therapy.
PUVA
PUVA ndi mtundu wina wa phototherapy, wachiwiri kwambiri pambuyo pa NB-UVB. Ndi mankhwala awiri. Choyamba mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, wotchedwa psoralen, kanthawi kochepa musanayambe kujambula chithunzi. Malingana ndi mtundu wa PUVA mankhwala, mungagwiritse ntchito khungu lanu kapena mutenge mapiritsi.
Ndiye mumalandira mankhwala a UV, mwa mawonekedwe a UVA. Psoralen imalimbikitsa khungu lanu kotero lidzayankhidwa bwino ku UVA. Chifukwa chakuti UVA sali "wolimba" monga UVB (ma radiation alibe mphamvu zambiri), mumayenera kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuchokera ku psoralen kuti apange mankhwalawa.
Laser Therapy
Njira ina yatsopano komanso yosavomerezeka yogwiritsira ntchito phototherapy ndi mankhwala osakaniza . Ikhoza kuonedwa ngati mtundu wa mankhwala a UVB-NB. Laser amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chithandizo chamankhwala pa khungu kakang'ono kwambiri khungu. The lasers akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mlingo wa ma radiation, omwe angathandize khungu kuti lichiritse mofulumira. Pakali pano amavomerezedwa ndi US Food and Drug Administration kwa psoriasis yofatsa kapena yochepa.
Ubwino Wopanga Phototherapy
Pakalipano pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira za psoriasis, kuphatikizapo mankhwala achikulire komanso mankhwala atsopano. Komabe, chithunzicho chili ndi makhalidwe ena omwe amachititsa kukhala njira yochiritsira yofunikira. Ena mwa awa ndi awa:
- Zimagwira bwino bwino.
- Ndizovuta kwambiri.
- Zilibe zotsatira za zamoyo zamakono komanso zamakono, monga kuponderezedwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.
Kuwonjezera apo, zikuwoneka kuti ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito panthawi ya mimba, mosiyana ndi mankhwala ena a psoriasis.
Nthawi Yomwe Mungaganizire Phototherapy
Phototherapy sichigwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala okha. Mankhwala opatsirana (monga corticosteroid creams) akadali chithandizo chachikulu cha anthu ambiri okhala ndi psoriasis. Ngati mankhwalawa sakuwongolera psoriasis, dokotala wanu angagwiritse ntchito kugwiritsa ntchito chithunzi ngati mankhwala ena.
Phototherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chithandizo chowonjezereka kwa mankhwala opatsiranawa. Komabe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito potsatira izi:
- Ndi mankhwala othandizira psoriasis (monga methotrexate kapena cyclosporine)
- Ndi mankhwala opangira psoriasis (monga etanercept kapena infliximab)
Kodi Zimakhala Kuti Ndipo Zimatheka Bwanji?
Phototherapy imachitika mu ofesi ya dermatologist mu bokosi loyima. Komabe, pokonza zipangizo zatsopano zogwiritsa ntchito m'manja, zakhala zosavuta kuti anthu ambiri azidzipangira phototherapy kunyumba. Zipangizo zamanja zimapindulanso, chifukwa zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa khungu losakhudzidwa lomwe limawonekera poizoni. Matabwa a thupi lathunthu ndi mabokosi owala kuti athandize manja ndi miyendo akupezekanso pa mankhwala apanyumba.
Kawirikawiri, anthu amalandira magawo atatu kapena asanu pa sabata kwa milungu ingapo pakapita kuchipatala. Pambuyo pake, mungafunike nthawi zina zowonongetsa kapena chithandizo chobwerezabwereza. Kawirikawiri amatenga magawo ochepa khungu lanu lisanatsegule.
Zovuta Zotsatira za Phototherapy
Anthu ambiri amachita bwino pogwiritsa ntchito phototherapy. Komabe, ili ndi zotsatira zina. Zotsatira zofala kwambiri zimakhudza malo omwe amapezeka ku phototherapy ndipo akuphatikizapo:
- Kupsa
- Kuyabwa
- Kufiira
Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi PUVA pothotherapy angakhale ndi nseru.
Ngozi ya Khansa ya Khungu
Phototherapy imawoneka kuti ikuwonjezera chiopsezo chopeza khansara ya khungu, makamaka mtundu wotchedwa khansa ya squamous cell . Izi zimawopsa kwambiri kwa anthu omwe amalandira chithandizo cha PUVA kwa nthawi yaitali, koma n'zotheka kuti mankhwala a UVB angapangitse chiopsezo cha munthu. Momwemo phototherapy zambiri zimawonjezera chiopsezo chanu.
Musagwiritsire ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa pothana, chifukwa mazira a dzuwa amachititsa kuti mankhwala asagwire ntchito. Komabe, kuti mukhale otetezeka, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti muziyang'ana khungu kawirikawiri ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino kuti muwone zowopsa za khansa iliyonse. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa, musazengereze kukambirana nkhaniyo ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu.
Mfundo
Phototherapy mwina sangakhale njira yabwino kwa inu ngati:
- Khalani ndi mbiri ya vuto la photosensitivity
- Tengani mankhwala a photosensitizing
- Khalani ndi mbiri ya khansa ya khansa
- Khalani ndi zovuta zochepa zachipatala, monga lupus
- Kodi zimatetezedwa kuti zisamangidwe (monga kuikidwa kwa thupi)
Anthu omwe ali ndi khungu labwino kwambiri amafunikanso kuti akhale osamala pogwiritsa ntchito chithunzi, chifukwa mwina akhoza kukwiya.
Kuchepetsa Kupezeka kwa Phototherapy
Ambiri a dermatologists amakonda kupereka chithandizo kwa odwala awo, powona kuti ndi njira yabwino yothandizira. Komabe, anthu ochepa akhala akulandira chithandizo cha mankhwala m'zaka zaposachedwapa. Izi mwina chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga:
- Sitikulimbikitsanso chithunzi pa maphunziro a zachipatala
- Malipiro ochepa a ngongole ndi makampani ena a inshuwaransi
- Kuonjezera mtengo wa mankhwala opangira chithandizo
- Kupezeka kwakukulu kwa mankhwala ochiritsira
Mawu Ochokera
Phototherapy ndi mankhwala akale, koma omwe ali ndi mphamvu zothandizira anthu ambiri okhala ndi psoriasis. Ngati psoriasis yanu sichitha kulamulidwa ndi mankhwala opatsirana okha, mungayesere kugwiritsa ntchito phototherapy. Monga chithandizo chilichonse, chimabwera ndi zotsatira zake. Komabe, kwa anthu ambiri izo zingapereke njira yowonjezera yomwe imabwera popanda zovuta za mankhwala ena a psoriasis.
> Wowonjezera A, Korman NJ, Elmets CA, et al. Malangizo othandizira kusamalira ma psoriasis ndi psoriatic nyamakazi: Gawo 5. Malangizo othandizira kusamalidwa ndi psoriasis ndi phototherapy ndi photochemotherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol . 2010; 62 (1): 114-35.
> Nakamura M, Farahnik B, Bhutani T. Posachedwapa kupita patsogolo phototherapy kwa psoriasis. F1000Kusaka . 2016; 5: F1000 Faculty Rev-1684. lembani: 10.12688 / f1000research.8846.1.