Kumvetsetsa Njira ya Pancreas Kufalitsa
Kuwongolera kwagwiridwe ndi njira yovuta kwambiri yomwe imatsogolera ku opaleshoni ndiyo njira yothetsera kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osagwirizana. Pachifukwa ichi, kumuika kumakhala mankhwala kapena chithandizo cha pancreatic kulephera kapena pancreatic matenda.
Kwa anthu ambiri, kuika sikukhala kofunikira, ndipo amatha kusamalira matenda awo ndi mankhwala, opaleshoni kapena mankhwala ena.
Kwa anthu omwe sali osowa, kukopera kumakhala kofunika chifukwa matenda awo ndi ovuta kwambiri moti popanda chiwalo chatsopano sadzakhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yaitali.
Mwachidule, kuika kumachitika pamene chiwalo chimene wodwalayo anabadwira ndi chodwala kwambiri kapena wodwala kuti amafunikira chiwalo cholowera kuchokera kwa wopereka.
Ntchito za Pancreas
Nkhanzazi zimathandiza kwambiri thupi la munthu kuti lichepetse chakudya moyenera ndikukhala ndi magazi okwanira m'magazi. Nkhonozi zimagwira ntchitoyi ndi maudindo awiri m'thupi: kupanga mahomoni ndi kupanga ma enzyme omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chimbudzi cha chakudya.
Nkhumba makumi asanu ndi anayi mphambu makumi asanu mphambu makumi asanu ndi limodzi (100%) ya mphukira zimayambitsa kupanga mavitamini a m'mimba omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakutha kwa chakudya m'matumbo. Nkhonozi zimapanga mavitamini atatu: amylase, lipase, ndi protease. Amylase amathyola chakudya, mafuta amawononga mafuta, ndipo protease imaphwanya mapuloteni omwe amapezeka mu zakudya.
Ngati gawoli la kapangidwe likugwira ntchito bwino, matenda otchedwa exocrine pancreatic asakwanira, mavitaminiwa akhoza kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amamwa mankhwala. Mtundu uwu wa kapangidwe sizimapangitsa kuika kansalu, monga momwe chikhalidwe chingachiritsidwe ndi mankhwala.
Ntchito yotchuka kwambiri ya kapangidwe ndi kupanga mahomoni. Mahomoni oyambirira opangidwa ndi mphutsi ndi glucagon, mahomoni omwe amachititsa magazi kuyika shuga (shuga) m'magazi. Amamasulidwa pamene magawo a m'magazi ndi otsika kwambiri ndipo ayenera kuwonjezeka. Mahomoni achiwiri omwe amapangidwa ndi mphukira ndi insulini . Insulini imamasulidwa pamene magulu a shuga m'magazi ndi okwera kwambiri ndipo amafunika kuchepetsedwa. Hamulo yachitatu ndi somatostatin, yomwe imathandiza kusunga insulini ndi glucagon pamagulu oyenerera.
Nkhanza zimagwira ntchito mwakhama kuti zisawonongeke kwambiri komanso zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Mankhwala otsika a shuga si ambiri vuto la anthu ambiri, koma kusowa kwa insulini ndizovuta kwambiri zomwe anthu mamiliyoni ambiri a ku America amakumana nawo koma amadziwika ndi dzina lina: shuga .
Pamene thupi limakhala lolimba ndi insulini ndipo / kapena silingathe kupanga insulini yokwanira, vutoli limatchedwa mtundu wa mtundu wa shuga. Pamene makoswe samapanga insulini, timatchula kuti mtundu wa shuga wa shuga. Kawirikawiri, ndi mtundu wa odwala matenda a shuga omwe amafunika kuika kansalu, monga mitundu ina ya anthu ashuga amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi mankhwala nthawi zambiri.
N'zotheka kuti mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga wa diabetics uleke kupanga insulini iliyonse pakapita nthawi, yomwe ingathenso kutsogolera.
Kuika kansalu kumaphatikizapo pamene mphukira silingathe kugwira ntchito bwino kuti athetse mphamvu ya shuga m'magazi, khalidwe la moyo ndi losavomerezeka, zovuta za matenda a shuga ndi zovuta kapena zoipitsa, komanso ubwino wa opaleshoni kuposa zoopsa za kuika.
Pamene Icho Chikusowa
Kukhala mtundu wa shuga wodwala sikumapangitsa kuti phulusa likhale loyenera, popeza anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wodzaza ndi mawere ndi shuga. Zili zovuta kuthetsa matenda a shuga, omwe nthawi zambiri amawatcha " otupa " osatetezeka kwambiri pamagulu a shuga ndi zizindikiro, zomwe zimawatsogolera.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene matenda a shuga afika pofika pamene wodwala akudwala kwambiri ndipo mankhwala sangapereke njira yabwino yothandizira matenda, kuika mmalo kungakhale njira yomaliza yoperekera chithandizo.
Malinga ndi bungwe la American Diabetes Association (ADA), ziyeneretso za kuika kansalu kwa anthu omwe alibe matenda a impso ndi awa:
- Zovuta, zovuta komanso zovuta kwambiri zamadzimadzi monga shuga kwambiri, shuga wotsika kwambiri kapena ketoacidosis.
- Kusokoneza mavuto a zachipatala / zamaganizo ndi mankhwala a insulini
- Kulephera kwa insulini kuteteza mavuto aakulu
Ngozi
Kuopsa kokapiritsika kumakhala kofunika kwambiri kusiyana ndi ma opaleshoni ambiri, monga momwe wodwalayo amadwala nthawi zambiri asanachite opaleshoni ndipo njirayi ndi yovuta. Zoopsazi zimaphatikizapo zoopsa zomwe odwala amakumana nazo pakuchita opaleshoni iliyonse, komanso zoopsa zomwe zimachitika ndi anesthesia.
Ngozi Zowonongeka za Pancreas Kupanga Opaleshoni
- Kutenga
- Kulephera kuchepetsa shuga
- Kusuta
- Magazi Amagazi
- Kukana chiwalo chatsopano
- Kulephera kwa thupi
- Nausea
- Kuthamanga
- Kutsekula m'mimba
- Zotsatira za anesthesia
- Kuvuta kutsitsimula kuchokera ku mpweya wabwino
Kupeza Dokotala Wopaleshoni
Kuwona opaleshoni yopanga opaleshoni kumaphatikizapo kulandira chithandizo kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu kuchipatala chomwe chimakulitsa pafupi ndi nyumba yanu. Nthaŵi zambiri, pangakhale kokha pafupi, koma mumzinda waukulu, mukhoza kukhala ndi njira zambiri. Kutumizidwa kumeneku kumapangidwa ndi katswiri wanu wamagetsi, dokotala wodziwika bwino pa nkhani za mahomoni, kapena gastroenterologist yemwe amachitira zinthu ndi chimbudzi. Kutumiza kungathe kupangidwanso ndi chisamaliro chapadera ndi zina zapadera zomwe zikukhudzana ndi chithandizo chanu.
Kufika pa Zowonjezera Zowonjezera
Pambuyo pokomana ndi antchito pa malo opatsirana, mudzayang'aniranso kuti mupite. Izi zikutanthauza kubwereza zolemba zanu zachipatala, kuyesedwa kwa magazi, zochitika zoganizira zojambulajambula, ndi mayesero ena opangidwa kuti atsimikizire ngati muli bwino mokwanira kuti mulekerere opaleshoni ya kuika komabe koma odwala mokwanira kuti afunike chiwalo chatsopano.
Ngati kuyezetsa kukuwonetsa kufunika kwa kusuntha, komanso kukhala ndi mwayi wopulumuka opaleshoniyo, ndi kubwezeretsa ndi zotsatira zabwino, ndipo ngati ziyeneretso zina zitha kukwanitsa kuchita opaleshoni komanso kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala omwe akufunikira pambuyo Kuchita opaleshoni, wodwalayo akhoza kuikidwa pamndandanda wowerengera kuti adikire kuti likhalepo.
Chiwerengero cha pancreata (zochuluka zamakina) zomwe zimapezeka kuti zitheke, ndizosautsa. Palipopanasi imodzi yokha yomwe imapezeka kwa wopereka. Odwala matenda a shuga sangathe kukhala wopereka chiphuphu. Kuonjezera apo, ziphuphu ndi zovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimayankha mosavuta ku matenda oopsya kwa woperekayo, anthu ambiri omwe alibe shuga sangathe kupereka zopereka zawo. Izi zimabweretsa kusowa kwa ziwalo zosinthika kwa iwo omwe akudikira.
Mitundu ya Kusuntha
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mapangidwe opumira omwe akuchitidwa panopa. Mtundu wowonjezeka kwambiri ndi pamene pancreas onse achotsedwa kwa wopereka ndikuyika kwa wolandira. Pamene anthu amati "kupanikizika kwapakiteriya" izi ndizo momwe amachitira. Mtundu winanso wa kuikapo ndi malo ophimbidwa ndi pancreatic, pamene maselo ena omwe amapanga zikondamoyo amapindikizidwa kukhala wolandira.
Chida Chosakaniza Pancreatic
Pakupiritsika kachilombo kamadzimadzimadzi, kapangidwe kameneka kamachotsedwa kwa maselo opereka ndi osungiramo maselo amaikidwa mu wolandira. Thupi likabwezeretsedwa, mphutsi imatengedwa ku labu lofufuzira komwe maselo omwe ali ndi maselo, omwe amabweretsa insulini ndi mahomoni ena, amasiyanitsidwa ndi maselo ena a mphukira. Chiwalo ichi chimangopanga 5 peresenti ya chiwerengero chonse cha mphukira, kotero kuchuluka kwa minofu ya selo kumachotsedwa kumakhala kochepa kwambiri kuposa kapangidwe konse. Ndi maselo awa omwe amasinthidwa kukhala wolandira. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti maselowa amawotchera m'chiwindi mwa kulowetsedwa mu chotengera cha magazi. Ma maselo amakhalabe m'chiwindi ndikuyamba kutulutsa insulini pamalo amenewo.
Ku United States, ndondomekoyi imachitika pazipatala zazikulu za ku yunivesite zomwe zimapanga kafukufuku pa chipangizo cha pancreatic cell transplantation. Njira imeneyi imayesedwa ngati kuyesera ndipo imangotengedwa ngati gawo la kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana pazipangizo zosiyanasiyana panthawiyi.
Ziyeneretso za kuyendetsa kanyumba nthawi zina zimasiyana ndi ziwalo zonse, monga momwe kafukufuku akuchitidwira pa ntchito yoika chithandizo monga mankhwala odwala matenda opatsirana . Wodwalayo amakhala ndi njira zowonjezera ziwiri komanso katatu katatu kuti akwaniritse.
Kuwombera Mankhwala Ambiri
Kwa anthu ena, nkhani zapanki zingayambitse nkhani zazikulu ndi ziwalo zina, makamaka impso. Kwa anthu ena ashuga omwe ali ndi vuto losavuta kuteteza shuga, impso zimawonongeka kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a impso komanso kufunikira kwa dialysis.
Kwa anthuwa, kuika kansalu payekha sikungakhale kokwanira kuti awabwezeretse thanzi labwino, amafunikanso kukonzanso impso kuti asakhale ndi dialysis. Ndibwino kuti anthuwa adzalandire impso ndi kusakaniza kwapadera kuchokera kwa wopereka womwewo panthawi yomweyi, koma odwala ena amalandira ziwalo kuchokera kwa osiyana osiyana nthawi zosiyanasiyana.
Momwe Ilo Linasinthira
Kuika pulasitiki kumayamba ndi njira zosiyana-siyana kuti opaleshoni ichotsere mphukira kuchokera kwa wopereka. Kuwombera kwathunthu kumakhala kofala kwambiri kuposa kuperekedwa kwa gawo la kapangidwe. Ziwalo zonse zimachokera kwa akufa, opereka ubongo. Zagawo za kapangidwe kawirikawiri zimachokera kwa wopereka amene ali bwenzi kapena achibale amene akufuna kuthandiza wothandizira.
Chiwalo kapena gawo loperekedwa atachotsedwa, paliwindo laling'ono lopatsira liwalo kukhala wolandila, maola asanu ndi atatu kapena osachepera. Mankhwalawa ndi osakhwima kwambiri, osayankha kuti asakhudzidwe ndi kusunthidwa, madokotala ochita opaleshoni amagwira ntchito yokha kumakhudza zida zogwirizana pamene akuchitidwa opaleshoni. Pambuyo pokhapokha atsimikiziridwa kuti akhoza kulandila, kapena mwinamwake, anthu omwe angapezeko akudziwitsidwa kuti ziwalo zakhala zikupezeka kuti zitheke. Amapemphedwa kuti afotokoze ku malo awo opatsirana.
Akachiritsidwa (mawu akuti "zokolola" sagwiritsidwanso ntchito) ziphuphu zimatengedwa kuchokera kuchipatala komwe zimapezedwa ku malo opatsirana kumene malo operekera adzaperekedwa kwa wolandira.
Kuchita opaleshoni kuika liwalo kukhala wolandila kumayambira ndi wodwalayo atayambitsidwa ndi kuikidwa pa mpweya wabwino pamodzi ndi kayendetsedwe ka anesthesia . Wodwala atagona, njirayi ikhoza kuyamba.
Khungu likukonzekera kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo, ndipo kutengeka kumapangidwa m'mimba. Mphukirayi imaphatikizidwa ku duodenum, gawo loyamba la intestine yaing'ono kotero kuti mavitamini a m'mimba akhoza kumasulidwa pa chakudya pamene icho chikutuluka mmimba. Pogwiritsira ntchito mitsempha ya magazi yomwe amapeza kuchokera kwa woperekayo, mphukira imagwirizanitsidwa ndi magazi omwe amafunikira payekha komanso kumasula mahomoni m'magazi.
Kawirikawiri, mphukirayi imakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi mimba ya mimba kusiyana ndi mapepala oyambirira, omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'mimba. Kuyika kumeneku kumaso kwa mimba kumalola kuti biopsy ikhale yophweka mosavuta, ngati kuli kofunikira.
Nkhumba za wodwalayo, zomwe zimatchedwa "ziphuphu zapachilengedwe", zimakhalabe m'malo pokhapokha pali chifukwa chake chochotsera. Pamene makoswe amamangiriridwa m'matumbo ndi mitsempha ya magazi, incision ikhoza kutsekedwa ndipo wodwala amatengedwera ku chipatala chachikulu (ICU) kuti ayang'anire mosamala pamene akuchira.
Kubwezeretsa
Wodwalayo amatha masiku angapo ku ICU pambuyo pa njira yopatsira. Ambiri amatha masiku asanu ndi awiri kuchipatala asanapite kunyumba kuti apitirizebe kuchira. Odwala ambiri amabwerera ku ntchito zawo zachizolowezi mkati mwa masabata 4-6 opaleshoni.
Moyo Mutatha Kuwedza
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zovuta kwambiri pamoyo ndi thanzi pambuyo pa kusindikiza ndiko kupewa kukana liwalo. Kupita mobwerezabwereza ku malo opatsirana ndizochitika pambuyo pa opaleshoni ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala ngati nthawi ikudutsa pokhapokha pali vuto ndi chiwalo chatsopano. Kwa ambiri, kubwerera kumoyo wamba kumatheka pambuyo poti opaleshoni, koma ena angapeze kuti ali bwino, komabe sakhala bwino.
Kwa onse odzaza odwala, mankhwala oletsa kumwa mankhwalawa adzakhala moyo weniweni. Ngakhalenso ngati limba siligwira ntchito bwino, mankhwala oletsa kutsutsa amafunika, komanso kuti mankhwala amatha kuwatsogolera ku matenda ambiri monga chimfine ndi chimfine momwe zimachepetsera chitetezo cha mthupi.
Ngozi Zakale
Zomwe zikhoza kuchitika m'miyezi ndi zaka pambuyo pa kuika kansalu zikuoneka kuti ndizochepa, koma zingakhale zovuta. Kusamalira bwino thanzi lathunthu pakudyera bwino, kutsatira malangizo a opaleshoni, ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse. Kusamalira thanzi lanu labwino mukatha kusamba n'kofunikanso, ndipo nthawi zambiri amanyalanyazidwa poyesera kukhala wathanzi.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi kukhala maso kuti muwone zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- Kukana kwa thupi
- Zotsatira za mankhwala okana
- Kulephera kuchepetsa shuga
- Chiwalo chochepa chogwira ntchito pa nthawi
- Zovuta kudziwika za mankhwala okana
Mankhwala Osatsutsa
Mankhwala-ena omwe ali ofanana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri amatchedwa steroids-amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti thupi lilandire thupi latsopano, koma mankhwalawa amabwera ndi mavuto omwe angakhale nawo limodzi ndi mapindu awo aakulu.
Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala oletsa kutsutsa ndi awa:
- Nausea
- Kutsekula m'mimba
- Kuthamanga
- Nkhope yotupa
- Kutupa nsonga
- Zikodzo
- Kutaya tsitsi
- Kusiyana kwa dzuwa
- Kuponderezedwa kwa magazi
- Mafuta a cholesterol awonjezeka
- Kutaya kwa mafupa (osteoporosis kapena osteopenia)
Kukana Kwadongosolo
Kukanidwa kwa thupi ndi nkhani yaikulu pambuyo pa kuika kwa mtundu uliwonse, ndipo odwala ena adzakumana ndi zochitika za kukanidwa mu miyezi yoyambirira ikutsatiridwa. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuti mupulumutsidwe ndi chiwalo chotsatiridwa ndikuzindikira vuto mofulumira ndikupeza mankhwala nthawi yomweyo.
Zizindikiro zowonongeka zapakhungu zimaphatikizapo:
- Fever
- Kupweteka kapena kupitirira chiwalo chatsopano
- Kusakhazikika kwa shuga
- Nausea
- Kuthamanga
- Mimba Yamimba
- Mtsinje wakuda
- Kuchepetsa mkodzo
Zotsatira Zakale
Zonsezi, zotsatira zomwe odwala amatha kusindikiza zikwangwani ndi zabwino. Zopulumuka ndi pafupifupi 95 mpaka 98 peresenti pachaka, 91 mpaka 92 peresenti patatha zaka zitatu, ndipo 78 mpaka 88% pazaka zisanu. Ambiri amamwalira chifukwa cha matenda a mtima, m'malo mwa zovuta kuchokera ku opaleshoni, ndipo zinachitika patadutsa miyezi itatu atatuluka pamalo opatsirana.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi momwe pancreata yaikidwayo itatha pambuyo pochita opaleshoni. Patatha chaka chimodzi atatha opaleshoni, odwala 78-88 pa 100 alionse anali ndi makapu ogwira ntchito ndipo 27 peresenti anali ndi zikondamoyo zogwira ntchito zaka khumi pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Kugwiritsira ntchito sikukutanthauza kuti munthu amafunikira insulini, kapangidwe ka shuga kawirikawiri akamayesedwa atasala kudya, komanso zotsatira zake za hemoglobin a1c kapena yachibadwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti odwala okhala ndi ziphuphu "zosagwira ntchito" sangadye insulini koma ali ndi hemoglobin yokwera a1c, kapena akhoza kukhala wodalira insulini.
Mawu Ochokera
Kuika kansalu, kaya ndi chiwalo chonse kapena maselo osungira, ndi njira yoopsa kwambiri yomwe imakhudzira moyo ndi thanzi. Kwa ambiri, kuikapo ndi njira yothetsera vuto lalikulu ndipo kumayambitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa moyo. Kawirikawiri, njirayi imabweretsa mavuto, thanzi labwino, ndi zina, palibe kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka shuga.
Ndikofunika kufufuza momwe panopa zimakhudzira matenda a pancreatic motsutsana ndi zomwe mungapindule nazo komanso zovuta zomwe zimabwera ndi njira yowunikira, ndipo pitirizani kusamala mutaphunzira zambiri momwe mungathere.
> Chitsime:
> Kukula kwa pancretic ndi chilumba cha matenda a shuga. Zaposachedwa. Chiwongoladzanja