Wowonjezera wothandizira amatha miyezi kapena zaka akuyembekezera opaleshoni yokonza thupi , kuyembekezera ndi kuyembekezera tsiku limene lidzakupatsani mwayi wachiwiri pa moyo wathanzi.
Chifukwa chofunikira kuti odwala ayenera kuganizira za matenda awo oopsa komanso kuyembekezera opaleshoni m'malo mophunzira luso lowathandiza kuthana ndi kuika kumene sikungatheke.
Polimbikitsanso kukhalabe ndi chiyembekezo komanso chitsimikizo, odwala ambiri sali okonzekera kusintha kwa miyoyo yawo ndi thanzi lawo pambuyo pa opaleshoni yokonzekera.
Kulimbana ndi kusintha kumeneku kumafuna kuthandizira, khama komanso kufunitsitsa kukhazikitsa moyo wathanzi ndikukhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Mavuto Akumtima
Pali nkhani zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi kuikidwa kwa thupi kumene opaleshoni ya odwala sawerengeka. Nthawi zambiri, wodwalayo amene akudikirira limba amadziwa kuti cholowa chiyenera kupezeka kuti adye.
Pali nkhondo yapakatikati pakati pa kukhala ndi chiyembekezo chokoka ndi mantha, podziwa kuti mlendo amwalira asanafike. Omwe akulumikiza ena amavomereza kuti amadzimvera chisoni, atapindula ndi imfa ya wina.
Ndikofunika kuti ovomerezeka akumbukire kuti mamembala a banja la opereka chithandizo akunena kuti kukhala wokhoza kupereka ziwalo ndiye chinthu chokha chokha chimene chiyenera kuchitika nthawi yowawa.
Makalata omwe amalandira kuchokera kwa ovomerezeka ndi thupi akhoza kuthandiza kumverera kwathunthu kwa imfa pambuyo pa wokondedwa wathu atamwalira.
Kukhala wokhoza kukhazikitsa ubale ndi banja lopereka, ngakhale mwa makalata okha, kungabweretse mtendere wamtendere. Kwa banja lopereka, gawo la wokondedwa wawo limapitirirabe. Mabanja ena ndi omvera amasankha kukomana pambuyo poyenderana, ndikugwirizanitsa chiyanjano chawo.
Kuledzeretsa ndi Kuvutika Maganizo
Masabata ndi miyezi yomweyo pambuyo poti opaleshoni ikhoza kukhala yopanikizika kwambiri kwa wolandila ziwalo, kuzipangitsa kukhala nthawi yovuta kwambiri kukhalabe osasamala kwa omwe akulimbana ndi chizolowezi choledzera.
Mowa, fodya, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo amayesedwa nthawi zonse pamene odwala akudikirira, popeza kuti kudziletsa sikutanthauza kuti palibenso mndandanda wa kuyembekezera malo opitako.
Ndikofunika kuti ozilandira akhalebe ndi zizoloŵezi zabwino, monga mankhwalawa akhoza kukhala oopsa kwa ziwalo zatsopano. Pali mapulogalamu 12 omwe amapezeka kwa odwala omwe amamenyedwa ndi mabanja awo, mapulogalamu odwala matenda opatsirana komanso odwala matenda odwala matenda opatsirana .
Osuta fodya amatha kukambirana za mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi opaleshoni awo ndi mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala chifukwa chosuta fodya kulipo pompano.
Kusokonezeka maganizo pambuyo poti opaleshoni siyekha kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiyembekezo chosatheka, ndizofala ndi matenda aakulu komanso opaleshoni yaikulu. Ngakhale ambiri ali ndi chizoloŵezi chokana kuti pali vuto, kuthana ndi kuvutika maganizo ndi kufunafuna chithandizo n'kofunikira kuti akhalebe ndi thanzi labwino.
Odwala omwe ali ovutika maganizo amatha kubwerera ku zizoloŵezi zoledzera ndipo sagwira ntchito yowathandiza kuti ayambe kuchipatala komanso kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.
Nkhani Zowonjezera Zokonza Zamagulu A Donor
Ochepa omwe amalandira ziwalo amakhala ndi gawo la chiwindi kapena impso zoperekedwa ndi munthu wamoyo kapena bwenzi, zomwe zimapereka zosiyana zosiyana ndi za wopereka wosadziwika. Wopereka wamoyo angakhale ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri yochira pambuyo pa opaleshoni, ndi nthawi yowonjezera yogwiranso ntchito kunyumba.
Pamene opaleshoni imalipidwa ndi inshuwalansi ya wolandila, malipiro otayika ndi kupweteka ndi kuzunzika sizomwe, ndipo zingayambitse zokhumudwitsa pakati pa mamembala. Inshuwalansi yolemala ikhoza kupereka chithandizo cha ndalama, koma pangakhale nkhani pambuyo poti wothandizira amamasulidwa za omwe inshuwalansi imalipira mankhwala omwe ali mbali ya pambuyocare.
Kumva chisoni "mnzanu" kapena wachibale amene amapereka ndalama si zachilendo. Palinso opereka omwe ali ndi mavuto pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Pali zizindikiro za munthu yemwe ali ndi "wodwalayo" amene amamuika ndikupita kuchipatala asanayambe kupereka "bwino".
Anthu ena amakhalanso ovutika maganizo pambuyo pothandizira, kutsika kwakukulu pambuyo podzitamandira pothandiza kuti apulumutse moyo. Matenda opaleshoni kapena maganizo apambuyo pambuyo pake angapangitse wolandirayo kukhala ndi mlandu chifukwa cha "mavuto" awa.
Choyenera, kukambirana za zopereka zonsezi ziyenera kuchitika musanayambe opaleshoni ndipo ziyenera kuphatikizapo ndalama ndi maganizo a zopereka, kuwonjezera pa zinthu zakuthupi. Kukambilana kuyeneranso kuphatikizapo ziyembekezo za aliyense wogwira nawo ntchito, ndipo ngati izi zikuyembekezeka kapena ayi.
Pamene zokambiranazi zikuchitika pambuyo pakuchita opaleshoni, kukambirana momasuka kungakhale kofunikira kuti mudziwe zomwe zili zenizeni komanso zomwe sizikuchitika. Wopereka bungwe angakhale ndi ziyembekezo za wolandirayo zomwe zilibe ndalama koma ndizofunikira, ponena za thanzi labwino ndi umoyo wake.
Wopereka amene amapereka chigawo cha chiwindi kwa wachibale amene amafunikira kumwa mowa mwauchidakwa angakhale wovuta kuona munthu amene akumwa eggnog pa Khirisimasi pamene siinakhalepo vuto kale.
Woperekayo ali ndi malingaliro okhudzidwa mu thanzi la wolandirayo yemwe wasinthidwa, ndipo kugwiritsira ntchito molakwa liwalo kungamve ngati kukwapula pamaso. Nkhanizi ziyenera kukambidwa moona mtima komanso momasuka, popanda chiweruzo, kukhala ndi ubale wabwino nthawi zonse.
Zokhudzidwa Zokhudza Matenda Kubwerera
Kuda nkhawa ndi kukanidwa kwa thupi kapena kufunika kwa kuika kwina kumakhalanso kofala ndi omwe apanga opaleshoni. Pambuyo pa kuyembekezera kwa nthawi yaitali opaleshoni, kuopa kubwereranso ku mndandanda wa kuyembekezera ndi kukhala ndi thanzi labwino ndichilengedwe.
Kuchita nawo mbali kuti akhalebe ndi thanzi labwino, kutsatira malangizo a madokotala komanso kukhala okhutira ndi zolimbitsa thupi komanso zakudya, amathandiza opeza kuti akuwongolera thanzi lawo m'malo mochitira chifundo matupi awo.
Kubwerera kuntchito
Pali zina zomwe sizikuthandizira anthu obwelera koma ziyenera kuthandizidwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Inshuwalansi ya umoyo ndi kukhoza kulipira mankhwala oletsa kutsutsa ndi vuto, makamaka pamene wodwalayo akudwala kwambiri kuti asagwire ntchito asanakwane opaleshoni. Mavuto azachuma amapezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osatha, ndipo amawotcha anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osatha.
Ngati kubwerera kuntchito ndi kotheka, zingakhale zofunikira kuti banja lonse likhale ndi ndalama, makamaka ngati wodwalayo anali mwiniwake wa ndalama. Kupeza, kapena kusunga, inshuwalansi ya zaumoyo ndizofunika kwambiri ndi mtengo wapatali wa mankhwala opatsirana ndi madokotala.
Kwa odwala omwe sali bwino kuti abwerere kuntchito, ndizofunika kuti zithandizo zipezeke kuthandizira phindu la chisamaliro. Malo opatsiranawo ayenera kutumiza wodwala yemwe akusowa chithandizo, kaya athandizidwa ndi anthu, mapulogalamu osokoneza bongo kapena otsika mtengo.
Mimba
Odwala achichepere omwe amatha kubwerera kumoyo wathanzi ndi okhudzidwa akhoza kukhala ndi nkhaŵa zokhudzana ndi mimba, kuthekera kwawo kukhala ndi pakati komanso zotsatira zotsutsa zomwe zingachitike pa mwana wosabadwa.
Nthaŵi zina, dokotalayo angapangitse kuti asamangomulandira ngati thupi silingalekerere mavuto ena omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mimba ndi kubala. Pazochitikazi, odwala angapindule ndi gulu lothandizira lomwe limaperekedwa kwa infertility kapena gulu lothandizira.
Kwa amayi omwe ali ndi chivomerezo cha dokotala kuti akwatire, kukambirana ndi opaleshoni ya opaleshoni ya wodwalayo komanso amene angayambitse dokotala angayankhe mafunso ndi kuchepetsa nkhawa iliyonse.
Ochita opaleshoni opaleshoni ndi opereka chithandizo chabwino kwa odwala matenda osokoneza bongo.
Othandizira Opaleshoni Amagulu a Ana
Odwala omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 18, amapereka matenda osiyanasiyana omwe anthu okalamba sangapeze. Makolo amasonyeza kuti atayandikira pafupi kutayika mwana ku matenda, zimakhala zovuta kukhazikitsa malire ndi kukhazikitsa malire ndi makhalidwe awo.
Abale angaone kuti amanyalanyazidwa ndipo ayamba kuchitapo kanthu pamene mwana wodwalayo akufuna nthawi yochuluka ndi kusamala, akufunira chidwi cha makolo awo.
Pambuyo pa kumuika bwino, mwana angafunike malire ambiri kuposa kale ndipo amakhala ovuta kuthetsa pamene sakuzindikira malamulo atsopanowa. Mabwenzi ndi achibale omwe samamvetsa malamulo sangayambe kuwakakamiza pamene akuwoneka, akuyambitsa mavuto ndi mkangano pakati pa akuluakulu.
Kukhazikitsa ndondomeko ndi malamulo omwe amatsatira mosasamala kuti wosamalira angathe kuchepetsa mkangano pakati pa akuluakulu ndi kuthandizira kukhazikitsa mwanayo chitsanzo.
Pali mabuku ndi magulu othandizira omwe amapezeka kwa makolo a odwala, kapena omwe kale anali odwala, kuthandiza pa nkhani zomwe zimabwera ndi kulera mwana wodwala matenda aakulu. Ambiri amagogomezera kuti makolo ayenera kutumiza uthenga womwewo pochita nawo limodzi ndikukakamiza malamulo mofanana. Makolo sangathe kusokoneza mphamvu za wina ndi mzake mwa kulephera kulanga khalidwe loipa kapena kusagwirizana pa chilango komanso kusachita.
Kubwezeretsanso Ubale
Ubale ukhoza kusokonezedwa ndi matenda a nthawi yaitali, koma patapita nthawi mabanja amaphunzira kuthana ndi wokondedwa amene akudwala kwambiri. Achibale ndi abwenzi akuzoloŵera kulowa ndi kupereka chisamaliro ndi chithandizo kwa wodwalayo, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta ngati zinthu zasintha mofulumira.
Mkazi amene wakhala akuthandiza mwamuna wake kusamba ndi kusamalira akhoza kumverera bwino, koma osathandiza, pamene mkazi wake mwadzidzidzi akuchita ntchito yard.
Wodwala akhoza kukhumudwa pamene akumva ngati munthu wakale koma banja lawo likuyesera kuwachitira zonse. Ana omwe amazoloŵera kupita kwa atate awo kuti awathandize pa homuweki kapena chilolezo amatha kunyalanyaza kupatsa amayi ulemu womwewo pamene ali wokonzeka kutenga mbali yowonjezera kulera.
Kuchuluka kwa chithandizo chofunikira kuyenera kudziŵika mwa njira imene wolandirayo akukumvera, osati pazinthu zowakhazikitsidwa pamaso pa opaleshoni yopangira. Posakhalitsa kwambiri si chinthu chabwino ndipo chingatalikitse kuchira, koma ufulu uyenera kulimbikitsidwa ngati kuli kotheka.
Izi sizili mofanana ndi wachinyamatayo amene akufuna ufulu wodzilamulira komanso kholo limene limafuna kuti mwana wawo akhale wotetezeka, akuyesetsa kuti apeze zosangalatsa zomwe angathe kukhala nazo.
Zoyembekeza
Ngakhale thanzi labwino likhoza kuoneka ngati chozizwitsa pambuyo pa zaka za matenda, kupaleshoni yopaleshoni sikuchiza chirichonse. Mavuto azachuma samachoka atatha opaleshoni, kapena kuledzera kapena mavuto a m'banja.
Kupaleshoni yopaleshoni ndi mankhwala kwa odwala ena, koma kuyembekezera zosatheka kungachititse munthu wobwezeredwa kumva kuti akuvutika maganizo komanso akuvutika maganizo. Chiwalo chopatsa thanzi sichimayambitsa matenda omwe anthu amakumana nawo tsiku ndi tsiku; Amapereka mpata wolimbana ndi mavuto a moyo monga munthu wathanzi.
Kusintha kwa thupi
Pali kusintha kwa thupi komwe kumapangitsa odwala kuyang'aniridwa pambuyo pakuchitidwa opaleshoni yomwe imapitirira nthawi yowonongeka. Odwala ambiri amadziona kuti ndi olemera kwambiri komanso amatha kusungunuka, zomwe zimakhala zachilendo kwa mankhwala odana ndi mankhwala omwe amafunika kuwatsatila.
Kuphatikizana ndi nkhope yozungulira, mankhwalawa angayambitse kusintha maganizo ndi kusintha kwa maganizo komwe kuli kovuta kulongosola komanso kovuta kulimbana nawo. Zizindikiro zimachepetsanso ngati mlingo woyenerera uli wotsimikiziridwa, koma podziwa kuti izi ndi gawo labwino la mankhwala amathandiza odwala kulekerera zotsatira mufupikitsa.
Magulu Othandiza ndi Kudzipereka
Chifukwa cha mtundu wapadera wa kuika, odwala ambiri amakopeka ndi ena omwe ali ndi vuto lomweli. Magulu othandizira ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera ena omwe ali ndi zofanana ndi mavuto omwe ali osiyana ndi ovomerezeka. Magulu alipo ponseponse, pamisonkhano ya pa intaneti ndi magulu a malo omwe amapita kuchipatala akuluakulu komanso odwala.
Palinso ma webusaiti omwe amaperekedwa kumalo osuntha, kuti odwala ndi mabanja akambirane mbali zonse zopereka ndi kuziika.
Mabanja ambiri omwe amalandira ndi opereka ndalama amapeza kudzipereka kwa mabungwe ogula katundu ndi magulu opereka mankhwala kuti akhale opindulitsa komanso njira yabwino yopitiliza kukhala nawo m'dera lamtundu.
Phindu lapadera la kudzipereka ndilo kuti odzipereka ambiri amalumikizana ndi kusintha kwa thupi ndipo amasangalala kugawana nawo zomwe anakumana nazo. Pali magulu odzipereka kwa amayi omwe amapereka chithandizo, kwa mabanja omwe amalandira komanso anthu ena okhudzidwa ndi zopereka.
> Zotsatira:
> Green A, McSweeney J, Ainley K, Bryant J. Mnyumba Zanga: Moyo wa Ana Pambuyo Pakufa Mtima. Kukula Kwambiri Kupitirira 2007 Sep; 17 (3): 199-207
> Thandizani Mwana Wanu Kusintha Post-Thirani. United Network For Organ Sharing. 2008.