Optic neuritis ndi kutupa kwa mitsempha ya optic. Mitsempha ya optic ndi mtolo wa mitsempha yomwe imagwirizanitsa maso ndi ubongo wanu. Mitsempha ya optic imapereka chidziwitso chowona ku ubongo. Mitsempha ya optic imaphatikizidwa ndi mafuta omwe amatchedwa myelin omwe amachititsa kuti asungunuke. Myelin amathandiza maganizo a magetsi kuyenda mofulumira pamodzi ndi mitsempha. Kawirikawiri amakhulupirira kuti optic neuritis imayamba pamene thupi limateteza thupi lawo.
Matenda ambiri a optic neuritis amapezeka mwa amayi omwe ali pakati pa zaka 20 ndi 40.
Zizindikiro
Nthendayi yotere imapangitsa kuti masomphenya awonongeke komanso kupweteka pakusunthira diso. Kupweteka kumeneku kumayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kutambasula kwa mitsempha yotentha ya optic. Kuwala kwa kuwala kungathenso kupezeka ndi kuyenda kwa diso. Zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pamene kutentha kwa thupi kumawonjezeka. Mawonedwe otayika amatha pang'onopang'ono, kufika pamtunda wake mkati mwa masabata awiri. Kuchuluka kwa masomphenya kumasiyana ndi odwala. Odwala ena amakumana ndi mavuto ndi malingaliro ozama.
Zimayambitsa
Opaleshoni ya optic imatha kudwala matenda ambiri. Anthu ena amapanga optic neuritis pambuyo pa matenda monga mitsempha, chikuku, kapena ngakhale chimfine. Kwa ena, chikhalidwechi chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi multiple sclerosis . Anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka optic neuritis amapanga multiple sclerosis m'tsogolo. Matenda ena a optic neuritis amatchedwa idiopathic.
Izi zikutanthauza kuti muli ndi optic neuritis chifukwa chosadziwika kapena chifukwa chosadziwika.
Zina mwazifukwa za optic neuritis ndizo zotsatirazi.
- Matenda a bakiteriya, monga syphilis kapena matenda a Lyme
- mavairasi monga herpes kapena hepatitis B
- sarcoidosis
- kusokoneza arteritis
- mankhwala ena ndi zidutswa
Zizindikiro
Dokotala wanu amatha kuona zizindikiro za neuritis opaleshoni pa nthawi yowonongeka kwa diso.
Angathe kuona mutu wa mitsempha yotupa kapena yokwera. Zosokonezeka, maselo kapena madzi a m'thupi lanu angakhalepo pa retina . Nthaŵi zina, mungaone zizindikiro musanayambe mitsempha yanu yotupa, matenda otchedwa retrobulbar optic neuritis. Dokotala wanu angathenso kuzindikira kusiyana kwa momwe ophunzira anu amachitira atawala. Komanso, mawonekedwe anu amatha kuchepetsedwa, ndipo mungaone malo osayera kapena malo amdima m'masomphenya anu. Masomphenya amitundu ingasokonezedwe.
Kudziwa
Kuti mudziwe bwinobwino za optic neuritis, dokotala wanu adzayesa kuyang'anitsitsa maso maso anu, kuphatikizapo kuyang'ana masomphenya komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi. Dokotala wanu akhoza kulamula MRI ndi zina zowonjezera kuyesa magazi kuti atsimikizidwe kuti ali ndi matenda. Akhoza kupeza zolakwika pa kuyesedwa kwa masomphenya, kuyesedwa kwa masomphenya, ndi kuyesedwa kooneka bwino komwe kungathandize pakudziwa.
Chithandizo
Odwala ambiri optic neuritis amawongolera popanda mankhwala. Kuchiza kawirikawiri kumadalira momwe posachedwa matendawa amapezeka mutangoyamba kuzindikira zizindikiro. Nthawi zina, mankhwala amaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito steroids kuthandiza kuchepetsa kutupa kwa mitsempha ya optic. Mankhwala a steroid nthawi zambiri amatenga sraidous intravenous motsatiridwa ndi oral steroids.
Steroid yozoloŵera ndi masiku atatu a steroid pambuyo pa masiku owerengeka akugwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa. Anthu ena amavutika kwambiri pamene akuchiritsidwa ndi steroids. Ngati mumayambitsa zowawa mwadzidzidzi, funsani dokotala mwamsanga. Zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala a steroid zingakhale monga zotsatirazi:
- zovuta kugona
- kusokonezeka m'mimba kapena mseru
- kukoma kwachitsulo m'kamwa
- nkhawa kapena kukwiya
- kuwonjezeka kwa shuga (makamaka odwala shuga)
- Thrush (matenda a fungal)
Pambuyo pa zochitika za optic neuritis, masomphenya anu akhoza kubwerera kwachibadwa kapena pafupi ndi yachibadwa mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Mawu Ochokera
Kutsekemera kwa optic nthawi zina kumabwerera ndipo kumafuna kutaya. Gulu laling'ono la anthu lakhala likupitirira kachilomboka ndipo limafuna chithandizo chamankhwala. Patapita nthaŵi, pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya odwala optic neuritis adzakhala ndi zizindikiro zina zamaganizo zomwe zingasonyeze kuti matenda a multiple sclerosis akupezeka. Odwala omwe ali ndi opaleshoni yothamanga kwambiri amatha kukhala ndi vuto lotchedwa neuromyelitis optica. Matendawa amafunika kuti azindikire ndi kuyezetsa magazi.
Chitsime:
Slamovits, Thomas L. ndi Ronald Burde. Nthenda zamagetsi, Buku la zolemba zamatsenga. Vesi 6, ISBN 1-56375-099-6. Copyright 1994, Mosby-Year Book Europe Ltd.