Njira Zoyamba Zothandizira Choyamba

Pezani vuto laling'ono kapena kupereka chisamaliro mpaka athandizi afika

Kuyambira kofulumira pa njira zoyamba zothandizira zothandizira poyamba kungakuthandizeni kukumana ndi vuto laling'ono, makamaka mpaka odwala matendawa atabwera kapena inu mukhoza kupita kuchipatala. Malangizo awa akuchokera pa njira zoyamba zothandizira zowonjezera za 2010 zoyendetsedwa ndi American Heart Association ndi American Red Cross. Iwo sali m'malo mwa maphunziro oyenerera othandizira oyamba koma angakhale chiyambi cha zomwe mungachite.

Choyamba Chothandizira Kwambiri Kumoyo Kachimake

Kubwezeretsanso kanyama (CPR) ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yachipatala ya onse. Ngati munthu ali mu mtima womangidwa (mtima suli kupopera magazi) ndipo CPR sichichitidwa, munthu ameneyo adzafa. Kumbali ina, kuchita CPR kapena kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chamtundu wodzitetezera kunja (AED) chingapulumutse moyo.

Mungayambe ndi kuyang'ana zofunikira za CPR . Ndondomeko yasintha zaka zingapo zapitazi, choncho ndi bwino kutenga CPR m'kalasi la zamankhwala, koleji yunivesite, Red Cross, kapena department fire. Palibe choloweza mmalo mwa kalasi pamanja.

AED amapezeka m'madera ambiri ndi mabungwe. Zipangizozi ndizosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ngakhale simunaphunzitsidwepo. CPR yophunzitsa idzaphatikizapo kuphunzira ndi ntchito ya AED.

Malingana ndi a American Heart Association ndi a American Red Cross 2010 malangizo, njira zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito pamene munthu akugwiridwa mtima ndi awa:

• Lamuzani wina kuti ayimbire 911 kapena dongosolo la alonda kuchipatala.
• Yambani mwamsanga kuyambitsa zifuwa mosasamala kanthu za maphunziro anu. Limbikitsani mofulumira komanso mofulumira pakati pa chifuwa, kulola kuchira pakati pa makina. Apatseni ntchitoyi kwa iwo omwe aphunzitsidwa ngati akafika.
• Ngati mwaphunzitsidwa, gwiritsani ntchito zida zapachifuwa ndi kupuma kupulumutsidwa.
• AED iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma n'kofunika kuti musazengereze kumapeto kwa chifuwa, kotero kupeza wina kuyenera kulamulidwa kwa wina pamene mukupanga zifuwa.

Njira Yoyamba Yothandizira Kubwetsera

Mosasamala kanthu koopsa, pafupifupi kutuluka konse kumatha kuyendetsedwa. Kutaya magazi pang'ono kumangokhala paokha. Ngati kutaya magazi kwakukulu sikungayendetsedwe, kungachititse mantha komanso potsirizira pake imfa.

Pali masitepe oti mutenge ngati mukukumana ndi magazi pakalipano.

• Lembani chilondacho ndi phazi kapena nsalu ndikugwiritsanso ntchito molimbika kuti musiye magazi. Musachotse nsalu. Onjezerani zigawo zambiri ngati mukufunikira. Nsaluyo imathandiza kutseka mawonekedwe kuti athetse kuyendayenda.
• Kawirikawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito zofufuzira kungachititse kuti thupi liwonongeke kwambiri kuposa zabwino. Msonkho wa 2010 American Association Association umatsutsanso kufunika kwa kukwera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zipsyinjo.

Njira Yoyamba Yothandizira Kutentha

Chinthu choyamba chochizira kutentha ndikuyimitsa kuyaka. Mankhwala ayenera kutsukidwa. Magetsi amayenera kutsekedwa. Kutentha kumayenera kuti utakhazikika pansi ndi madzi. Kutentha kwa dzuwa kumayenera kuphimbidwa kapena kupita mkati. Ziribe kanthu zomwe zinayambitsa zilonda zamoto kapena momwe zimakhalira zoipa, kuimitsa kutentha kumabwera asanayambe kutentha.

Kuwopsya kwa kutentha kumadalira kukula ndi kukula. Kuti muwotchedwe kwambiri, mungafunike kuwona dokotala kapena kuitanitsa 911 . Tengani njira izi zothandizira:

• Dulani malo otentha ndi madzi ozizira kwa mphindi zingapo. Musagwiritse ntchito ayezi.
• Ikani bandeji lapafupi.
• Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala odzola, mafuta, kapena mankhwala odzola.
• Tengani ibuprofen kapena acetaminophen kuti muthetse kupweteka ngati kuli kotheka.
• Musaphwanye mabelters omwe angapangidwe.

Njira Yoyamba Yothandizira Mabulter

Kaya blister kapena ayi akusowa chithandizo chilichonse chiri chotheka. Ngati blister ndi yaing'ono, yosasunthika komanso yopweteka kwambiri, ndibwino kuti muzisiye nokha. Phimbani kuti musamapitirize kuisakaniza ndi kukanikiza yomwe ingayambitse kuti ikhale yowonjezereka komanso mwinamwake iwonongeke yokha.

Ngati blister ndi yayikulu kapena yopweteka-makamaka ngati ntchitoyo isanatsiridwe (monga momwe mukuyendera) -tsatirani masitepe kuti mutseke ndi kuvala msuzi. Gwiritsani ntchito singano yowonongeka ndikupanga punctures yaying'ono pamphepete mwa chithunzithunzi ndikufotokozera madzi. Kenaka perekani mafuta oletsa ma antibayotiki ndikuphimba kuti mutetezedwe ndi kupanikizika.

Njira Yoyamba Yothandizira Ma Fractures

Kuvulala konseko kumayenera kuchitidwa ngati mafupa osweka (fracture) mpaka X-ray ingapezeke.

Pali mitundu yonse ya ziphuphu zamphongo zosweka, monga kusakhoza kuyenda pa mwendo wosweka kapena ngati pali kusiyana pakati pa kugwa ndi kupuma. Ngati mulibe maso a X-ray a Superman, muwone ngati akusweka. Tengani mapazi awa kuti mukuganizidwe kuti mukuphwanyidwa :

• Musayese kuwongola.
• Limbikitsani thupilo pogwiritsa ntchito kupaka ndi padding kuti lisasinthe.
• Ikani phukusi lozizira pa chovulala, pewani kuyika ayezi molunjika pakhungu.
• Pitirizani kumapeto.
• Perekani mankhwala odana ndi kutupa monga ibuprofen kapena naproxen.

Choyamba Chothandizira Choyamba kwa Sprains

Zizindikiro za mtunduwu ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zinathyoka fupa. Pamene mukukayikira, chithandizo choyamba cha mankhwala opweteka ayenera kukhala chimodzimodzi ndi mafupa osweka. Sungani mankhwalawo, musagwiritsire ntchito phukusi lozizira, kulikweza, ndi kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Onaninso dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri ndikuchiritsidwa.

Njira Yoyamba Yothandizira Nosebleeds

Ambiri a ife takhala ndi mphuno yamagazi nthawi ina m'miyoyo yathu. Zimangotanthawuza kutuluka mwazi kuchokera mkati mwa mphuno chifukwa cha kupsyinjika. Chochititsa chachikulu cha nosebleed ndi vuto la digito-mwinamwake kudziwika kuti ndikutenga.

Chithandizo choyamba cha nosebleed chikuphatikizapo:

• Yatsamira patsogolo, osabwerera.
• Lembani mphuno pansipa pa mlatho. Musati muzitse mphuno zotsekedwa ndi kunyoza.
• Yang'anani maminiti asanu kuti muwone ngati magazi achoka. Ngati sichoncho, pitirizani kusinunkhira ndikuyang'anitsaninso maminiti 10.
• Mukhozanso kugwiritsira ntchito phukusi lakuzizira ku mlatho wa mphuno pamene mukuzengereza.

Choyamba Chothandizira Choyamba kwa Frostbite

Frostbite imapezeka pamene thupi limakhala lozizira kwambiri. Makhiristo omwe amapezeka m'matendawa amawononga maselo. Izi ndi zosiyana ndi kutentha, koma pafupifupi pafupifupi kuwonongeka kwa khungu.

Kuchizira chisanu ndi madzi ndi njira yowonongeka yotentha. Ngati n'kotheka, izi ziyenera kuchitidwa ndi akatswiri ku chipatala. Choyamba, tulukani kuzizira. Malo ang'onoang'ono a tizilombo toyamwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amatha kuyambiranso kukambirana ndi khungu ndi khungu, koma peŵani kugwiritsa ntchito magwero a kutentha kapena maphukuthi otentha.

Ngati simungathe kupita kuchipatala, gwiritsani ntchito kumizidwa m'madera otentha m'madzi otentha (98 mpaka 105 F) kwa mphindi 20 kapena 30 kuti mukambirane. Musasakani malo okhudzidwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi.

Njira Yoyamba Yothandizira Njuchi

Njuchi zazitsamba zimapweteka kwambiri kapena zimapweteka, malingana ndi kuti ngati wodwalayo ali ndi vuto la chiwindi. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizo awa :

• Pezani mbola pamtundu uliwonse momwe mungathere kuteteza utsi wambiri. Ndi nthano kuti njira iliyonse ndi yabwino kapena yoipa.
• Ngati munthuyo amadziwika kuti ali ndi vuto la njuchi, gwiritsani ntchito EpiPen kuteteza anaphylaxis kapena kuitanitsa 911 ngati palibe.
• Gwiritsani ntchito phukusi lozizira kuti muchepe kutupa pa malo, koma samalani kuti musayambe chisanu .
• Gwiritsani ntchito antihistamine monga Benadryl (diphenhydramine) kuchepetsa kutupa ndi kuyabwa.
• Yesani ibuprofen kapena Tylenol (acetaminophen) kuti muvutike.
• Onetsetsani munthu yemwe adalumidwa ndi zizindikiro za anaphylaxis , kuphatikizapo ming†™ oma, kufiira kapena kuyabwa m'madera ena a thupi, ndi kupuma pang'ono.

Njira Yoyamba Yothandizira Nsomba Yosamba

Vuto la jellyfish ndilokuti amanyansira anthu omwe akuvutika nawo. Osambira akuyenda panyanja kwa mphindi imodzi, ndipo akumva ululu wa jellyfish wotsatira. Amathandiza njira zoyamba zothandizira jellyfish stings .

• Pewani mimba mwa vinyo wosasa kwa masekondi 30. Ngati mulibe vinyo wosasa, gwiritsani ntchito soda slurry m'malo mwake.
• Gwiritsani ntchito malo okhudzidwa m'madzi otentha, otenthedwa monga momwe munthu angathe kupirira, kwa mphindi 20 kapena mpaka kupweteka kumachoka. Ngati madzi otentha sapezeka, mugwiritseni mapaketi otentha. Ngati izo siziripo, gwiritsani ntchito mapepala ozizira owuma. Njira zina zothandizira kupweteka zimakhala zosavuta (monga mkodzo, kutsuka madzi, papain kapena tenderizer).
• Musagwiritse ntchito bandeji lopanikiza.

> Zotsatira:

> Berg RA, Hemphill R, Abella BS, ndi al. Gawo 5: Thandizo lachikulire lachikulire: 2010 American Heart Association Zotsatira za Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Cardiopulmonary ndi Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Kudutsa . 2010; 122 (18_suppl_3). lembani: 10.1161 / circulationaha.110.970939.

> Markenson D, Ferguson JD, Chameides L, et al. Gawo 17: Choyamba: 2010 American Heart Association ndi American Red Cross Guidelines for First Aid. Kudutsa . 2010; 122 (18_suppl_3). lembani: 10.1161 / circulationaha.110.971150.