Kumvetsetsa Universal Donors ndi Othokiridwa
Mwinamwake mukudziwa kuti kupatsa munthu magazi ndi mtundu wolakwika wa magazi kungakhale koopsa, kumayambitsa kukanidwa komanso nthawi zambiri kufa, koma simungadziwe kuti anthu ena angathe kulandira magazi kuchokera kwa wopereka ndi mtundu uliwonse wa magazi. Munthu amene amavomereza kuikidwa magazi kuchokera ku mtundu uliwonse wamagazi akutchedwa wothandizira onse.
Onse omwe alandira angathe kulandira magazi kuchokera kwa munthu ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wa magazi .
Pofotokoza njira ina, chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu yemwe ali ndi magazi a AB amalandira magazi kuchokera kwa opereka onse, kaya ali ndi O, A, B, kapena AB magazi.
Kotero ndi motani kuti mtundu wamagazi wosasinthasintha ndi umene umalandira wolandira chilengedwe chonse? Yankho lagona mu ma antigen omwe alipo m'magazi ambiri. O mitundu ya magazi ndi yapadera chifukwa alibe antigen. Mitundu ya magazi imakhala ndi antigen yomwe ili yeniyeni ndi yodabwitsa kwa magazi, monga momwe amachitira magazi a mtundu wa B. Mtundu wa magazi a AB umatanthawuza kuti ma antigen onse a magazi A ndi B ali onse.
Popeza ma antigen a A ndi B alipo mwa munthu amene ali ndi magazi a AB, wolandirayo sadzakana magazi. Thupi limatchula kuti magaziwo ndi "eni" osati "akunja." O magazi alibe antigen ndipo amatchulidwa ngati magazi opatsa anthu onse, kotero kuti sichidzachititsa kuti achite. Kotero, munthu yemwe ali ndi magazi a AB ali ndi antigen zonse zomwe zingatheke, ndipo O woipa alibe ma antigen omwe angachititse kuti achite.
Kuchita Kuika Magazi
Kumbukirani kuti pali kusiyana pakati pa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuika magazi olakwika, omwe angakhale nawo ndipo nthawi zambiri amafa, ndipo amachititsa kuti magazi asamayende magazi, zomwe ziri zotheka mosasamala mtundu wa magazi.
Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda kuikidwa magazi sizimayambitsidwa ndi mtundu wa magazi; Zimayambitsidwa ndi thupi la wolandira kuti adziwe kuti magazi ndi "achilendo." Chitetezo cha mthupi chimayesa kuwononga maselo akunja.
Amadziwikanso kuti ndi oopsa kwambiri kuikidwa magazi, mtundu uwu umayambitsa kuyabwa, malungo, kuzizira, kuyabwa, ndi kuthamanga. Nthawi zambiri amatha maola 24-48 ndipo nthawi zambiri amathandizidwa poletsa kuika magazi ndikupereka mlingo wa Benadryl kapena wothandizira ena kuti asachepe.
Mosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika pamene mtundu wolakwika wa magazi waperekedwa, momwe thupi limayendera magazi omwe amadziwika kuti "achilendo" amatha kuchiritsidwa bwino ngati atadziwika ndi kuchiritsidwa. Munthu yemwe ali ndi mtundu woterewu angafunike kuwonetsetsa bwino magazi mtsogolomu kuti ateteze zomwe zimayambanso ndi kuikidwa magazi, ngati pali kufunikira kwowonjezera magazi.
Mphatso Yanyama ndi Opezeka Onse
Kutenga magazi si nthawi yokhayo yomwe kukhala wolandira chilengedwe chonse. Munthu amene akusowa chophika chamagulu angapindule ndi kukhala wolandira.
Ngati wodwala ali ndi mtundu wa magazi a AB ndipo amafunikira limba, amatha kulandira liwalo kuchokera kwa opereka magazi, monga momwe amavomereza magazi a mtundu uliwonse. Njira yofananirana ndi wopereka ndi wolandirayo ndi yovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi iyo ndipo imayenera kufananitsa kupyola mitundu yambiri ya magazi.
Pachifukwa ichi, wopereka ndi wobwezera sangagwirizane, koma, nthawi zambiri, munthu yemwe ali ndi mtundu wa magazi a AB angathe kulandira liwu kuchokera kwa wopereka mwa mtundu uliwonse wa magazi.
Chigawo chogawidwa kwa ziwalo chimakhazikitsidwa kotero kuti kugawidwa kwa ziwalo kuli koyenera, ndipo abalandira AB samalandira chiwerengero chopanda chilungamo cha ziwalo pamene akulandira ndi mitundu ina ya magazi amalandira zochepa. UNOS, bungwe lomwe limapereka ziwalo, limagwira ntchito molimbika kuti zitsimikize kuti ziwalo zimapitako kulandira m'njira yosayenera kwa anthu a mitundu yonse ya magazi, mibadwo, zaka ndi zochitika.
Mawu Ochokera
Anthu omwe ali ndi magazi a AB ali ndi mwayi wokwanira kulandira magazi kuchokera kwa opereka magazi.
Ngakhale izi ndizochititsa chidwi, pali zambiri zomwe zimagawira magazi kwa aliyense amene ali ndi zosowa - mosasamala za mtundu wawo wa magazi - tsiku lililonse. Ndalama zamagazi zochokera kumalo opatsa zimathandiza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi mtundu uliwonse wa magazi, wosawerengeka kapena ayi, kupindula ndi kuikidwa magazi pamene pakufunika.
> Chitsime:
> Zolemba za Magazi ndi Ziwerengero. American Red Cross. http://www.redcrossblood.org/learn-about-blood/blood-facts-and-statistics