Mphuno ya m'mimba yochepetsetsa (EBMD), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti chibindi cham'mimba cham'mimba kapena mapepala a dysstrophy, ndi amodzi omwe amagwira mbali ya diso. Vutoli limakhudza anthu oposa zaka 30. EBMD nthawi zina imakhala chete, ndikusiya omwe akukhudzidwayo sakudziwa kuti ali ndi vutoli. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhala ndi mkwiyo wochuluka wosachedwa kukhalapo pamene ena angakhale ndi zizindikiro zosadziwika zomwe zikuwoneka kuti zikuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kumvetsetsa EBMD
EBMD ndi matenda a maselo a basal epithelial omwe ali kutsogolo kwa cornea. Maselo a basal awa amamatirira ku memphane yachiwiri, omwe amatchedwanso Bowman's layer. Mu EBMD, maselo a basal amapanga zozizwitsa zazing'ono zofanana ndi zala zomwe zimachokera ku makwinya ochepa. Izi zimagwiritsa ntchito maselo achilendo kukhala osasunthika komanso osamamatira pamphindi. Pogwirizana ndi kusintha kwina komwe kumachitika pakati pa maselo a epithelial, kusintha kumeneku kumawoneka ngati mapu, madontho, ndi zolemba zala mkati mwa cornea. Kusintha kwa khalidweli kumawoneka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nyali yamagetsi ya nyali .
Zizindikiro za EBMD
Anthu omwe ali ndi EBMD angadandaule ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- Masomphenya osinthasintha
- Masomphenya obisika
- Kupweteka kosawerengeka
Anthu ambiri omwe akukhudzidwa ndi EBMD amatha kusintha masomphenya mosavuta. Komabe, pafupifupi 10 peresenti ali ndi zowawa zoopsa za kuphulika kwa nthaka.
Zowonongeka zowonongeka zimakhala zochepa zochepa pamwamba pa cornea zomwe zimachitika nthawi ndi nthawi. Ziphuphu zimenezi ndi malo omwe samasowa maselo omwe amaphwa mosavuta chifukwa cha matendawa. Maselo amenewa amamasulidwa chifukwa cha ziwonongeko zazing'ono zomwe zimapanga, zomwe zimawachititsa kuti asamamvere chiwalo.
Zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta kwambiri pakuka kapena m'mawa chifukwa diso limalira usiku ndipo maselo osamvetseka amawoneka mosavuta.
Kuzindikira kwa EBMD
EBMD kawirikawiri imasowa ndi madokotala monga mapu owala, dontho, ndi mawonekedwe a chala omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka ndi chikhalidwe chingakhale chobisika nthawi zambiri. Komabe, poyang'anitsitsa, kusintha kumeneku kumapezeka. Madokotala a maso amamvetsera mwatcheru zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri yakale ya zachipatala zomwe zingawathandize kudziwa. Nsalu yapadera ya utoto ingapangidwe m'diso lako kuti ipange kachipangizo kameneka kamasintha kwambiri. Madokotala angapangitsenso keratometry kapena zojambula zamakono zomwe zimayeza mawonekedwe a cornea. Pulogalamu yanu yamakono idzaphunziranso pansi pa microscope kuti iwononge zinthu zina monga keratoconjunctivitis sicca ndi zina zowoneka zowoneka bwino.
Kuchiza kwa EBMD
Kuchiza kwa EBMD kwa anthu omwe alibe zizindikiro zomveka kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito misonzi yozizira kangapo patsiku pofuna kulimbikitsa thanzi labwino la maselo. Anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikilo zowonjezereka adzauzidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito misozi mowonjezereka, komanso mafuta opangira maso asanagone.
Ngati pali mbiri ya diso louma, chiwonongeko cha chigwirizano chimalimbikitsidwanso. Chigamulochi chimaphatikizapo kuika kogogeni kakang'ono kapena phula la silicone mu ngalande yotsekemera ya diso kuti asunge misozi ya wodwalayo. Mankhwala obisika amatha kukhala mbali ya ndondomeko yothandizira kuti zisawidwe usiku.
Mu milandu yoopsa kwambiri, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti diso la hypertonic lisalowe kapena mafuta odzoza masana ndi usiku omwe ndi njira ya mchere yomwe imatulutsa madzi kuchokera ku cornea, kuti ikhale yogwirizana kwambiri. Izi zimathandiza maselo achilendo kukhala omangirizidwa kwambiri ku cornea. Nthaŵi zina, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito makina othandizira kuti azitha kuyendetsa kondomu.
Nthawi imene wodwalayo amapanga zochitika zowonongeka, madokotala amapereka madontho a antibiotic. Madontho a Cycloplegic angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuti achepetse kupweteka ndikupititsa patsogolo chitonthozo. Phokoso la Cycloplegic limathetsa kutupa m'diso pang'onopang'ono kufooketsa minofu mkati mwa diso lomwe lingagwirizane kwambiri ndipo limapweteka. Misozi yowonjezereka, mazira ozizira omwe amawotchera komanso madontho a m'maso osakanikirana ndi opaleshoni angaperekedwe.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati simukuyankhira bwino mankhwala, njira yomwe imatchulidwa kuti imatha kuponyedwa pansi imatha kukonzedwa. Kutentha kwapansi kumaphatikizapo dokotala pogwiritsa ntchito singano yopanda kanthu kuti apange timadzi tochepa, timene timadutsa pammimba. Izi zimachititsa kuti zilonda zazing'ono zipangire ndikufulumizitsa machiritso, zomwe zimapangitsa maselo opondereza kuti amangirire ku memphane bwino. Njira ina ya chithandizo ndi PTK. PTK, chithandizo chamakono cha keratectomy, chimagwiritsa ntchito laser kuti iwononge pamwamba pa cornea kuti ichepetse zizindikiro.
Chitsime:
Chisamaliro Chachikulu Chachigawo Choyambirira, Kachiwiri. Copyright 1995, Appleton & Lange.