Kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis (mono) kawirikawiri kumapangidwa kuchokera ku zizindikiro, zofufuza pa kuunika kwa thupi, ndi kuyesa magazi. Mono kawirikawiri imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr (EBV) kapena mavairasi ofanana, koma mzere wa mmphepete ndi zina zina ziyenera kuwonedwa kunja. Ngakhale kuti malo otsogolera matendawa (CDC) sakuvomerezanso kuyesedwa kwa monospot, malangizo ambiri akulimbikitsabe kugwiritsa ntchito mayeserowa kuti athandizidwe kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa mono.
Odzifufuza okha
Mwina simungakayikire mwamsanga kuti inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi mono chifukwa zizindikiro zoyambirira zili ngati chimfine, chimfine, kapena mphuno. Zizindikiro zomwe zingakutumizireni kwa dokotala ndi zotupa zam'mimba m'khosi, zotupa, malungo, ndi thupi lomwe lakhala lalitali kuposa masiku khumi.
Kuzizira kwambiri ndi matenda ena a tizilombo kumakhala bwino pakatha masiku asanu ndi awiri, choncho masiku khumi ndi khumi ndizo chizindikiro chosonyeza kuti mukuchita zinthu zopitirira matendawa. Zizindikiro zikhoza kukhala zofewa m'mimba ndi ana aang'ono.
Ndikofunika kuti tisadalire kudzidzimva kwa mono monga zizindikiro zingakhale za matenda omwe amafunika njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira. Muyenera kuzindikira nthawi yake ya zizindikiro, kuphatikizapo pamene inu kapena mwana wanu munayamba kudwala, zizindikiro zomwe zinayamba, ndi nthawi yayitali bwanji. Izi zingathandize dokotala kuti adziwe ngati zizindikiro sizipita pachabe pa tsiku la 10.
Muyenera kuonana ndi adokotala mwamsanga ndi zizindikiro zoopsa za mono. Izi zimaphatikizapo kutentha thupi (madigiri 101.5 kapena kuposerapo), kupweteka m'mimba, kupweteka kwambiri mmimba kapena matani, kupuma kovuta kapena kumeza, kufooka kwa miyendo, kapena kupweteka mutu. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mono, koma zikhozanso kuthandizidwa ndi zina ndi zovuta zina.
Mapulogalamu ndi Mayesero
Dokotala wanu adzayang'ana zizindikiro zanu ndi msinkhu wanu (popeza anthu omwe ali ndi EBV angathe kukhala ndi mono ngati ali achinyamata kapena akuluakulu). Adzayesa kufufuza komwe angayang'ane kumbuyo kwa mmero mwanu kuti azikhala mawanga (petechiae), amve khosi lanu ndi malo ena omwe mungakhale ndi ma lymph node, ndipo mvetserani mapapu anu.
Dokotala wanu nthawi zambiri amamupatsa kuchuluka kwa magazi (CBC) ndi mayeso a antibody. Ngati muli ndi pakhosi, ndikutheka kuti kuyesa kwachangu kofulumira kudzachitika. Pakati pa amayi oyembekezera, kuyesa kwakukulu kochulukitsa anthu kungapangidwe pofuna kutulutsa kunja kwina kuposa EBV yomwe ili ndi zambiri zomwe zingakhudzire mimba.
CBC
Ngati muli ndi mono, CBC yanu idzawonetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi magazi (WBC) ndi ma lymphocytes ambiri kuposa nthawi zonse, yomwe imadziwika kuti lymphocytosis. Ma lymphocyteswa amakhalanso ndi maonekedwe ochititsa chidwi pamene katswiri wa zamankhwala akuyesa magazi pansi pa microscope. Lymphocytes ndi mbali ya chitetezo cha thupi lanu ndipo ndi zachilengedwe kuti iwo akweze pamwamba pa matenda ena. Mudzakhalanso ndi maselo oyera a mtundu wina, ma neutrophils, ndipo mungakhale ndi chiwerengero chochepa choposa chiwerengero cha platelet.
Kuyezetsa Mankhwala
Mwazi wanu ukhoza kusanthuledwa mu labotala ya ma antibodies, ngakhale kuti mayesowa sakufunika kwambiri kuti apeze matenda opatsirana a mononucleosis. Ma antibodies amapangidwa ndi chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kuteteza matenda ndi kachirombo kapena zamoyo zina zomwe mukuwona kuti ndizoopsa.
Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti munthu ayambe kuganizira mozama . Kuyezetsa magazi kwakukulu pamodzi ndi zizindikiro za mono kumathandiza kutsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otetezeka kwambiri. Komabe, CDC imati mayeso a monospot salinso okonzedwanso chifukwa amapereka zotsatira zambiri zolakwika.
Mayeso a monospot angakhale achinyengo pafupifupi 10 peresenti mpaka 15 peresenti ya nthawi, makamaka m'mayambiriro a matenda. Inu mumayima pafupifupi 25 peresenti mwayi wopeza zotsatira zoyesera zolakwika ngati mutayesedwa mkati sabata yoyamba ya chizindikiro chikuyamba. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati mutayang'ana nthawi yaitali kuti muwone dokotala, chifukwa ma antibodies a heterophile amachepa mofulumira mutatha kutenga kachilombo kwa milungu inayi. Posakhalitsa, ngati muli ndi kachilombo kosiyana ndi EBV, monga CMV, monospot sadzaizindikira.
Ngati mayeso anu a monospot ali olakwika koma muli ndi zizindikiro zonse za mono, dokotala wanu akhoza kubwereza mayesero musanayese zowononga kwambiri. Mayeserowa akhoza kuchitidwa ngati zizindikiro za matenda siziri zofanana ndi mononucleosis kapena mwakhala mukudwala kwa milungu iwiri. Mutha kuyesedwa kwa cytomegalovirus kapena toxoplasma antibodies. Mayesero enieni a EBV ndi awa:
- Vuto lachilombo chotchedwa Viral capsid antigen (VCA)
- Antigen oyambirira (EA)
- Mayeso a EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA)
Kusiyanitsa kusiyana
Mphuno, malungo, ndi zilonda zotupa zomwe zimaoneka mono zingawoneke ngati zizindikiro za strep throat. Kuyeza kwachangu kofulumira kapena chikhalidwe cha mmero kungathandize kusiyanitsa izi. Kupweteka kwa mmero nthawi zambiri kumayankha mwamsanga mankhwala opha tizilombo, pamene alibe zotsatira pa mono.
Fluenza imatha kufanana ndi zizindikiro za mono koma kawirikawiri sizimapangitsa kuti zipsepse zapakhosi zikhale zotupa. Fluenza nthawi zambiri imakhala bwino mkati mwa masabata awiri.
Zizindikiro za mono zikhoza kuwonedwa mu matenda ena osati kachilombo ka Epstein-Barr. Mankhwala ena omwe angabweretse zizindikirozi ndi monga cytomegalovirus (CMV), adenovirus, kachirombo ka HIV kameneka, HIV, rubella, hepatitis A, human herpesvirus-6, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Toxoplasma gondii.
Matenda ndi ena mwa awa, makamaka CMV ndi Toxoplasma gondii , angatchulidwe kuti ndi opatsirana mononucleosis kapena amatchedwa matenda a mono. Monga momwe zilili ndi EBV mono, chithandizo chothandizira chokha chimalimbikitsidwa. Komabe, matendawa akhoza kuchepetsa mimba, kotero kuyesedwa kwina kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa matenda akulimbikitsidwa kwa amayi.
Ngati dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso a monospot, zingakhale zabodza pamene wodwala ali ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti matenda a chiwindi, a leukemia, a lymphoma, a rubella, a systemic lupus erythematosus, ndi a toxoplasmosis. Dokotala ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za wodwalayo ndi mayesero ena kuti adziwe kusiyana pakati pa zikhalidwezi.
Chitsime:
> Aronson MD, Wokhululukira PG. Maambukomiro a Mononucleosis mwa Achikulire ndi Achinyamata. Zaposachedwa. http://www.uptodate.com.
> Epstein-Barr Virus ndi Infectious Mononucleosis. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/epstein-barr/laboratory-testing.html
> Chernecky, CC & Berger, BJ. (2013). Njira Zoyesera ndi Zofufuza. 6th ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders.
> White J. Mononucleosis Syndromes. Mlangizi wodwala matenda. Chiwongola dzanja