Kupweteka kwapweteka (BTP) ndi ululu umene umapezeka pakati pa mankhwala omwe amachitidwa nthawi zonse. Ndi chisonkhezero chopweteka chimene chimafuna chithandizo mwamsanga.
Odwala ambiri omwe amamva kupweteka kosatha, kuphatikizapo odwala matenda opatsirana komanso odwala matenda opatsirana , amapatsidwa mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito pofunikira kuti athe kupweteka. Mankhwala a BTP nthawi zambiri amatenga nthawi yochepa (nthawi zambiri amapereka mpumulo kwa maola awiri kapena anayi).
Mwatsoka, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ngakhale kuti kupweteka kwapweteka kumakhala kofala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda apamwamba panyumba, mankhwala omwe amatha kuwathetsa sikuti nthawi zonse amalembedwa, ndipo odwala opweteka samagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ambiri kuti athetse ululu wawo momwe amavomerezera.
Kodi BTP Ikuchitika Liti?
Odwala omwe amamva kupweteka kosalekeza nthawi zambiri amapatsidwa mankhwala ozungulira maola ozungulira (ATC) a mankhwala opweteka a opioid . Kupweteka kwapweteka kumaonetsa pakati pa mankhwalawa ndipo nthawi zambiri kumapangitsa wodwalayo kukhala ndi nkhawa yaikulu. Ndikofunika kuti muzindikire BTP ndikusungira mbiri yoyenererayo kuti wothandizira zaumoyo wanu, kapena wa wokondedwa wanu mumusamalire, akhoza kuchigwira bwino.
Kupweteka kwa kupweteka kumakhala ndi magawo atatu: ululu wopweteka, kupweteka kwadzidzidzi, ndi kulephera kwa mankhwala omaliza. Ndikofunika kuti wothandizira zaumoyo wanu adziwe mtundu wa BTP womwe mukukumana nawo chifukwa chithandizo cha aliyense chingakhale chosiyana.
Kuchiza Zowawa Zachidziwitso
Kupweteka kwadzidzidzi ndikumva kupweteka komwe kungathe kunenedwa ndipo kumachitika ndi ntchito zinazake. Chitsanzo cha izi ndi wodwalayo yemwe ali ndi ululu nthawi iliyonse atatembenuzidwa mbali ndi mbali kuti asamalire yekha.
Kupweteka kwadzidzidzi kawirikawiri kumachitidwa mofulumira. Chifukwa chakuti amamva ululu, odwala omwe amamva kupweteka kwapweteka amatha kusamalidwa ndi mankhwala ofulumira, omwe amachititsa kuti azivutika.
Mlingowo ukhoza kusinthidwa malinga ndi msinkhu ndi nthawi ya ntchito zomwe zikuyembekezeka kuti zipangitse ululu.
Kuchiza Mavuto Odzidzimutsa
Kupweteka kwadzidzidzi sikungakwaniritsidwe ndipo sikugwirizana ndi ntchito iliyonse. Chifukwa cha kusadziŵika kwake, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuchiza.
Kupweteka kosavuta kumakhala kawirikawiri kumachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ofulumira, omwe amatha kupweteka kwa nthawi yayitali yomwe imaperekedwa mwamsanga pamene ululu umabwera. Mankhwala a adjuvant angayesedwe kuti apereke mankhwala abwino. Mankhwala a adjuvant amatanthauza anti-depressants, anti-seizure , ndi mankhwala ena omwe amathandiza kupweteka kwa odwala ena.
Kuchepetsa Kulephera kwa Mankhwala Omaliza Mapeto
Izi ndi zomwe zimamveka ngati: ululu umene umapezeka kumapeto kwa nthawi yomwe madokotala amawathandiza. Mwachitsanzo, kwa wodwala amene amatulutsa nthawi yaitali maola 12, kupweteka komwe kumachitika pakati pa ora lachisanu ndi chitatu ndi lachisanu chimayesedwa kutha kwa mlingo.
Chithandizo cha kuchepa kwa mlingo womaliza chingaphatikize kuchepetsa kupakatirana pakati pa mlingo kapena kuwonjezera mlingo wa mankhwala. Mwachitsanzo, wodwala akuvutika pambuyo pa maola asanu ndi atatu pamene ali ndi mankhwala oti apereke mpumulo kwa maola 12 akhoza kukhala ndi nthawi yochepa pakati pa maola oposa asanu ndi atatu, kapena mlingo wake ukhoza kuwonjezeka ndi 25 peresenti mpaka 50 peresenti.
Nthawi zonse, mankhwala omwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka chithandizo kuti athetse BTP ndi mankhwala a morphine (OMS). OMS ndi mtundu wa morphine womwe umayamba kugwira ntchito mofulumira ndipo umapereka mpumulo kwa maola awiri kapena anayi.
Kusunga Zolemba za Kupweteka Kwambiri
Njira yabwino yothetsera kupweteka kwabwino ndikulandira mankhwala oyenera komanso oyenera. Kulemba mbiri yolondola ya ululu, mankhwala omwe amachiza, ndi kuyankha kwa mankhwala amathandiza wothandizira zaumoyo kudziwa momwe angathere. Mankhwala anu amatha kuwoneka ofanana ndi omwe ali pansipa.
Chitsanzo Chakumapeto kwa Mapulogalamu Opanga Mankhwala Opweteka
| Tsiku / Nthawi / Msautso Wopweteka | Dec. 8, 9: 00a, ululu 5/10 | Dec. 8, 5pm, kupweteka 6/10 | Dec. 11, 11: 00a, ululu 4/10 | Dec. 12th, 2: 00a, kupweteka 6/10 |
| Mankhwala / Dose / Yankho | morphine 5mg, kupweteka sikungatheke, wina 5mg amaperekedwa ndi mpumulo | morphine 10mg, ululu umachotsedwa | morphine 10mg, ululu umachotsedwa | morphine 10mg, ululu umachotsedwa |
Zotsatira:
Ferrell, BR ndi Coyle, N; Buku la Palliative Nursing, Oxford University Press, 2006.
Ferrell BR, McGuire DB, ndi Yarbro CH; Mayendedwe Osautsa Khansa, Jones ndi Bartlett Publishers, 1995.
Mercadante, C, ndi. al .; Kupweteka Kwambiri mu Khansonga Yapamwamba Odwala Akutsata Pakhomo: Phunziro Loyambira Kwambiri, Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, Voliyumu 38, Magazini 38, masamba 554-560 (October 2009).