Phunzirani chifukwa chake odwala matenda opatsirana pogonana komanso antiticonstants amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiritsa matenda aakulu
Anjuvant analgesic ndi mankhwala omwe sali opangidwa kuti athetse ululu koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu izi. Zitsanzo zina za mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala monga antidepressants ndi antiticulants . Angathenso kutchedwa coanalgesics.
Mungathe kulembedwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi adjuvant kuphatikizapo mankhwala ena opweteka , kapena nokha. Mankhwala otchedwa Adjuvant analgesics samakhala othandiza kwambiri pakumva kupweteka kwa minofu, monga kupweteka kwa kupweteka kapena kupweteka.
Komabe, akhoza kugwira bwino ntchito ya ululu wa m'mimba komanso ululu wa ululu, monga fibromyalgia . Amathandizanso kuthana ndi ululu wa khansa. Mosiyana ndi zina zambiri zomwe sizili opioid analgesics , analgesics ya adjuvant sichipezeka pamtengowo.
Mitundu ya Adjuvant Analgesics
Kudetsa nkhaŵa
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri anthu amadwala matenda opweteka, amatha kuchiza matenda aakulu. Zikuganiza kuti anthu ovutika maganizo amawongolera momwe ululu umayambira kuchokera mu msana wam'mimba kupita ku ubongo. Komanso, kupanikizika kungachepetse nkhaŵa ndikuthandizira kugona.
Komabe, si mitundu yonse ya antidepressants yomwe imathandiza kuthetsa ululu wosatha . Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) monga amitriptyline, serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), monga duloxetine, ndi ena, monga nefazodone, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda onse opweteka kwambiri ndi ululu wa mitsempha. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) sali othandiza pa kupweteka kosalekeza kosatha.
Anticonvulsants
Anticonvulsants, omwe ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofuna kuchepetsa matenda opatsirana, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti athetse ululu wosatha. Anticonvulsants amagwira ntchito popanda kulola mitundu ina ya mitsempha, ndipo amachepetsa kupweteka kwa m'mimba, monga chifukwa cha trigeminal neuralgia kapena matenda a shuga.
Anticonvulsants omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa ululu wosatha ndi gabapentin ndi pregabalin.
Gabapentin ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Odwala ena omwe samayankha bwino gabapentin amakhulupirira m'malo mwa pregabalin, ndipo mosiyana.
Kodi Zowawa Za Syndromes Zimatani?
Oxford Textbook of Palliative Medicine ndi Manambala a Merck amalemba zotsatirazi zotsatirazi:
Adjuvants Akugwiritsa Ntchito Mitundu Yambiri Yopweteketsa Syndromes
- Corticosteroids
- Dexamethasone
- Prednisone
- Tricyclic zowonongeka
- Amitriptyline: osavomerezeka kwa okalamba kapena odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima.
- Desipramine
- Kusankha serotonin ndi norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) zolimbitsa thupi
- Duloxetine: Zimaperewera kwambiri kusiyana ndi tricyclic antidepressants.
- Milnacipran
- Alpha-2-adrenergic agonists
- Tizanidine
- Zojambula pamutu: capsaicin ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa ululu wa m'mimba ndi nyamakazi.
- Mankhwala ochepetsa matenda a m'mimba: monga lidocaine patch
Adjuvants Akugwiritsa Ntchito Chisokonezo Chakumva
- Antiepileptic agents
- Gabapentin: Ichi ndi mankhwala okondedwa a anticonvulsants.
- Pregabalin
- Carbamazepine: uwu ndi mankhwala oyamba a trigeminal neuralgia.
- Phenytoin: amadziwika kuti ndi mankhwala achiwiri.
- Valproic acid: amagwiritsidwa ntchito popweteka mutu.
- Clonazepam
- Lamotrigine
- Topiramate
- Tiagabine
- Oxcarbazepine
- Lacosamide
- Otsutsa a NMDA othandizira
- Memantine
- Ketamine
- Dextromethorphan: yogwiritsidwa ntchito pamene ululu uli ndi chiwalo chotupa.
- Okhazikika pamsewu wa sodium
- Mexiletine
- Tocainide
- Baclofen: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu trigeminal neuralgia.
Calcitonin
Adjuvants Akugwiritsa Ntchito Mavuto Omvetsa Chisoni M'deralo
- Calcitonin
- Clonidine
- Prazosin: Kupweteka kwa mafupa a khansa
- Bisphosphonates ( mwachitsanzo , pamidronate)
- Calcitonin
- Radiopharmaceuticals
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mukudabwa kuti ndichifukwa chiyani mankhwala osiyanasiyana akugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ululu wanu, funsani dokotala kapena wamankhwala kuti afotokoze. Katswiri wa sayansi ya zakuthupi umakhudzidwa, koma mukhoza kutsimikiziridwa kuti mukulandira mankhwala oyenera omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi kuti athe kupweteka.
> Zotsatira:
> Lussier D, Portenoy RK: Adjuvant Analgesics. Mu Doyle D, Hanks G, Cherny NI, Calman K (eds): Oxford Textbook ya Palliative Medicine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Edeni wa 4, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
> Markman, J, et. al. Chisoni Chakumodzi. Merck Manual Professional Version. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/pain/treatment-of-pain.