Kuchepetsa Njala ndi Kutaya Kwambiri pa Mapeto a Moyo
Kuchepetsa kudya ndi zomwe zimachititsa kuti kulemera kwa thupi kukhale kofala ndi matenda ambiri owopsya ndipo ndizozizindikiro zomwe odwala ena amanena ngati zovuta, osati zowawa . Odwala akudziwa kuti ayenera kudya koma nthawi zina sangathe kudzibweretsa. Nchifukwa chiyani izi zimachitika?
Mwina mungadzifunse kuti mungathandize bwanji. Kodi ndi zakudya ziti zomwe mungapange zomwe zidzakuthandizani?
Kodi mungatani kuti mulepheretse kulemera kwake kapena kusintha?
Musanayambe kukwapula mbale iliyonse ya wokondedwa wanu, pogwiritsa ntchito spatula ngati lupanga lamphamvu, nkofunika kumvetsa chifukwa chake nkhondoyi ikuchitika.
Anorexia vs. Cachexia
Anorexia imatanthawuza kuti "kusowa kapena kutayika kwa chilakolako , zomwe zimachititsa kuti sitingathe kudya." Izi zimakhala zosiyana ndi matenda a maganizo a anorexia nervosa. Zitha kuchitika ndi pafupifupi mitundu yonse ya matenda-kuchepetsa matenda koma ndiwowonjezereka m'matenda apamwamba. Anorexia amachititsa kulemera kwa thupi kumene kuli mafuta koma kungakhale kuphwanya minofu. Ngati atagwidwa mofulumira, anorexia akhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi kuperewera kwa thupi kumatsitsimuka ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi kapena kuchuluka kwa chakudya.
Cachexia imatanthauzidwa ngati "matenda aakulu komanso kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi, zomwe zimawoneka kuti ndi zofooka komanso zowonongeka." Zimakhalanso zachilendo ku khansa zapamwamba komanso AIDS komanso matenda ena olepheretsa moyo monga congestive mtima failure .
Cachexia amapezeka oposa 80% a khansa asanamwalire ndipo amachititsa kuti pafupifupi 20 peresenti ya odwalawa afe.
Mosiyana ndi matenda a anorexia, kutaya kwa thupi ndi kachesi kumaphatikizapo kutayika kwa mafuta ndi minofu, komanso mafupa . Kuonjezera apo, chachexia siimayankha kuwonjezera chakudya kapena kuwonjezeka kwa chakudya.
Mawu omwe odwala anu angagwiritsire ntchito poyambitsa zolemetsa ndi "matenda a anorexia / cachexia" (ACS).
Zifukwa za ACS
Zosintha Zamatsenga
Mu matenda monga khansa yapamwamba ndi Edzi, mankhwala ena otchedwa cytokines amatulutsidwa ndi thupi. Mitundu ya cytokines imayambitsa kutentha thupi mkati mwa thupi lomwe lingasinthe momwe thupi limagwiritsirani ntchito minofu.
Zizindikiro Zathupi
Zizindikiro za matendawa zingachititse kuchepa kwa chakudya kotero kuti kulemera kwake kukhale kochepa. Zizindikiro zofala zomwe zingayambitse matenda a anorexia ndi awa:
- Ululu
- Dysgeusia - kusintha kwa kukoma, kawirikawiri kumaphatikizapo kutengeka kwa nyama
- Ageusia - kutaya kukoma
- Mankhwala opatsa mphamvu - kutulutsa kununkhira, nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa zakudya
- Dysphagia - zovuta kumeza zakudya
- Dyspnea - kupuma pang'ono
- Nausea ndi / kapena kusanza
- Kutsekula kapena kutsekula m'mimba
- Zambiri
Mankhwala Otsatira Mankhwala
Mankhwala omwe amachiza matenda kapena kuwonjezera chitonthozo akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyambitsa matenda a anorexia. Zowawa zambiri zimakhala zofanana ndi zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa.
Kusokonekera Maganizo Kapena Zauzimu
Tiyeni tisamachepetse kapena kusaiwala kwathunthu ntchito ya maganizo, maganizo, kapena zauzimu zomwe zingathe kusewera mu anorexia. Zotsatira za matenda ndi chithandizo, kuphatikizapo mayankho a maganizo monga nkhawa kapena kukhumudwa ndi kuchitapo kanthu kwauzimu monga kusowa chiyembekezo, zingayambitse chidwi chochepa cha chakudya ndi / kapena kusowa kwa mphamvu kukonzekera ndikudya.
Zifukwa Zina
Zina mwaziyambitsa matenda a anorexia zikhoza kusoweka mosavuta koma zingakhale zofunikira. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo mano operekera bwino ndi matenda a pakamwa kapena phokoso.
Kuchiza ACS
Chinthu choyamba muyenera kuchita ndi kukambirana ndi vuto lanu ndi namwino kapena dokotala. Zidzakuthandizani kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yothandizira kuthana ndi zomwe zikuthandizani. Njirayi imakhala yambirimbiri, kuyang'aniridwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, thandizo la zakudya, mankhwala, maubwenzi, ndi chithandizo chauzimu. Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti njira zothandizira matenda a anorexia ndi cachexia m'matenda apamwamba sizigwira ntchito nthawi zonse.
Ngati pali zizindikiro za matenda zomwe zikuthandizira kuchepetsa chilakolako ndi kuchepa kwa thupi, ziyenera kuyankhulidwa poyamba. Kupweteka, kunyowa, kutopa ndi kupanikizika ndizofala kwambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a anorexia ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza. Ngati zizindikiro ndi zotsatira za mankhwala, dokotala wanu angafune kuimitsa mankhwala (ngati sikofunikira) kapena yesani.
Chakudya Chakudya
Pali masukulu awiri a maganizo okhudzana ndi kudya kumapeto kwa moyo: Mmodzi amakhulupirira kuti munthu wodwalayo ayenera kudya zakudya zowonjezera zokha ndipo wina amakhulupirira kuti munthu wodwala ayenera kudya chilichonse chimene akufuna. Anthu ambiri amapita pakati, kupereka chakudya chopatsa thanzi komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi koma kulola kukhululukidwa machimo nthawi ndi nthawi. Izi ndizo njira yochenjera kwambiri. Ngati wokondedwa wanu akulemala ndipo alibe chidwi chodya zakudya koma amakonda chokoleti pudding, ndikumupatsa chokoleti pudding!
Zina zowonjezera zokoma komanso zopatsa thanzi zili pamsika. (Kuonetsetsa ndi Kuonjezera kwambiri ndizo zotchuka kwambiri.) Kuonjezera zakudya zowonjezera ku zakudya za wokondedwa wanu zingapangitse kuti zakudya zake zonse zikhale zofunikira komanso zithandizire kupanga zofooka zilizonse.
Zakudya zopangira mankhwala monga tube tubeings ndizovuta kwa ACS. Monga taonera kale, pamene wodwalayo ali ndi cachexic, supplementation, kuphatikizapo chubu kudya, sichimasintha. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa tiyi kungakhalenso ndi zotsatira zovuta kapena zoopsa ndipo nthawi zambiri kumawonjezera kuvutika kwa wodwalayo.
Mankhwala
Mankhwala ambili angathandize odwala omwe ali ndi ACS kuonjezera chilakolako chawo ndi kulemera. Zowonjezereka zimaphatikizapo megestrol (Megace), steroids monga dexamethasone (Decadron), matenda osokoneza bongo (Marijuana), ndi Metoclopramide (Reglan). Funsani dokotala wa wokondedwa wanu ngati mankhwala alionse angathandize. Madokotala nthawi zambiri amayesa mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo kwa kanthaŵi ndipo amawasiya ngati sakugwira ntchito. Ndikofunika kuzindikira pano kuti kusuta fodya kukuletsedwabe.
Thandizo lachikhalidwe ndi zauzimu
Nkhawa, kupsinjika maganizo, nkhawa za m'banja, ndi zina zamaganizo ndi zauzimu zingapangitse ACS. Kuchepetsa chilakolako kungachititse wodwala kudzimva kuti ali kutali ndi wokondedwa wake monga chakudya ndi nthawi yocheza nawo. Wogwira ntchito zachipatala (MSW), wotsogolera mapemphero, kapena wodwala matenda opaleshoni angathandize wothandizira wanu kuti agwire ntchitoyi.
Kodi Mungatani Kuti Muthandize?
Ndi zifukwa zambiri zomwe zingathandize kuti chilakolako chochepa chikhale chochepa, mukhoza kumverera kuti mukugonjetsedwa kale. Pamene kuli kofunika kukumbukira kuti khama lanu pakuwonjezera chilakolako sikungagwire ntchito, ndizofunikira kuti musataye chiyembekezo. Werengani "Njira 7 Zokhalira Chakudya" chifukwa cha malangizo ndi zowonetsera pofuna kuchepetsa chilakolako chochepa. Kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi wothandizira zaumoyo wanu kudzatsimikizira njira yabwino kwambiri yopulumutsira njala.
> Zotsatira:
> Ferrell BR, Coyle N. Buku la Nursing Palliative, Edition 2. Oxford Press, 2006.
> Kinzbrunner BM, Weinreb NJ, Policzer JS. Mavuto Odziwika: Mapeto a Moyo Wosamalira. McGraw-Hill, 2002.