Momwe Opioids Amagwiritsidwira Ntchito Yopereka Mpumulo Wosatha
Mankhwala opioids akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pozunza ululu ngakhale kuti ntchito yawo yosamalira ululu wopitirirabe imakhala yotsutsana kwambiri. Anthu ena amatha kulekerera opioids kwa zaka popanda mavuto ena pamene ena angakhale odalira thupi kapena ngakhale kulekerera ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse. Mofanana ndi mankhwala ambiri, opioids amagwira ntchito mosiyana kwa aliyense.
Kodi Opioids Ndi Chiyani?
Opioids ndi mtundu wa analgesic , kapena mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuchepetsa kupweteka kwachisoni. Chifukwa chakuti amadziwika ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amapezeka ndi mankhwala okhaokha. Opioids amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu ena m'matope ndi kusintha momwe ubongo umadziwira ndikumasulira ululu. Opioids angaperekedwe m'njira zotsatirazi.
- Momwemo - Mankhwala opioid amadzipiritsika, nthawi zambiri kudzera pamapepala opweteka, kupereka mpumulo wafupipafupi. Opioid IV imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pambuyo pochita maopaleshoni akuluakulu, monga kubwezeretsa mchiuno kapena opaleshoni ya msana.
- Mwamwayi - Opioids akhoza kutengedwa pakamwa pampiritsi kapena ngati madzi, ndiye momwe mankhwala ambiri opweteka amaperekedwa. Mankhwala odzola amatha kupangidwa kuti apereke mpumulo wafupipafupi kapena wautali, kwa maola angapo kapena maola ambiri.
- Mutu - Opioids angagwiritsidwe ntchito pakhungu pa mawonekedwe a patch, omwe amapatsa pang'onopang'ono mankhwala opweteka kudzera pakhungu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kupuma kwa nthawi yaitali, zikhomo zingakhale zogwira ntchito masiku angapo pa nthawi.
- Kupyolera mu Suppository - Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ululu wa khansa kusiyana ndi mitundu ina ya ululu wopitirira, oposopiyiti opioid amamasula nthawi yayitali ya analgesic kwa nthawi yokwana maola khumi ndi awiri.
Ngati mwalamula opioids kuti muzimva kupweteka kosalekeza, mungakhale mukugwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe a pakamwa kapena patch kapena awiriwo.
Pamene Opioids Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kuti Azivutika Kwambiri
Ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito opioid ingaganizidwe pamene ma analgesics omwe si opioid alephera kupereka chithandizo cha kupweteka. Izi zikuphatikizapo acetaminophen ndi NSAIDs . Ngati analgesics awa sagwira ntchito movutikira kupweteka kwanu kosatha, dokotala wanu angaganizire chinthu china cholimba. Opioids amasiyana mphamvu, ndipo ena akhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala ena opweteka.
Ngati mutakhala kale ndi mankhwala ochepa komanso kupweteka kwanu komwe kunakhala kovuta kwambiri, dokotala wanu akhoza kukuthandizani kupita kuchipatala chochitapo kanthu. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatchuka kwambiri, pamene amapereka mphamvu yowononga kupweteka kwambiri kuposa abambo awo aang'ono omwe amachita nawo ntchito; Zoterezi zingaperekedwenso kwa inu, koma pokhapokha panthawi ya ululu wochulukitsa - osati nthawi zonse kuyang'anira ululu.
Opioid Zomwe Zinkafunika Kuchiza Kuvutika Kwambiri
- Codeine - Codeine ndi mankhwala opweteka omwe amatengedwa pakamwa. Ndizochita mwachidule, kutanthauza kuti zimatenga maola angapo pa mlingo. Codeine nthawi zambiri imakhala pamodzi ndi acetaminophen ngakhale itha kuperekedwa ndi aspirin.
- Oxycodone - Oxycodone imapezeka mu mawonekedwe a mankhwala opweteka kwambiri. Zingatengeke zokha, kapena zikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi zina zotere monga aspirin kapena acetaminophen.
- Fentanyl - Fentanyl imapezeka ngati kupweteka kwafupipafupi mankhwala mu mawonekedwe osakanikirana, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonza ululu wopweteka . Fomu yowonjezera yachitali ikupezeka, yomwe ingakhale yothandiza kwa maola 72.
- Hydrocodone - Hydrocodone, monga codeine ndi oxycodone, ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi zina zotere monga aspirin kapena acetaminophen. Ndikumwa kupweteka kwafupipafupi ndipo kumakhala kofanana ndi codeine.
- Hydromorphone - Hydromorphone ndi opioid yaifupi yokha yomwe imadziwika kuti ikugwira mwamsanga. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu mawonekedwe a m'kamwa, ngakhale mawonekedwe a injection ndi suppository aliponso. Nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito hydromorphone mmalo mwa morphine.
- Morphine - Morphine ndi imodzi mwa opioids yabwino kwambiri komanso ingakhale yamphamvu kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi mawonekedwe otulutsira mwamsanga, nthawi zambiri amajambulidwa ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala.
- Methadone - Ngakhale kuti imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala osambitsira mafuta opioid kapena heroin, methadone imathandizanso pa kasamalidwe ka ululu wosatha. Kawirikawiri amagwira ntchito maola anayi kapena asanu pa nthawi.
- Oxymorphone - Oxymorphone imapezeka m'mafomu achidule, kaya kudzera mu jekeseni kapena suppository. Mawonekedwe autali amapezeka komanso ogwira ntchito kwa maola khumi ndi awiri. Nthaŵi zina oxymorphone imagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwa morphine.
- Pentazocine - Pentazocine ndi ofanana ndi codeine ndipo ndi opioid yaifupi. Sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'machitidwe ake amphamvu chifukwa cha chizoloŵezi chawo chochititsa chisokonezo ndi nkhawa, makamaka kwa akuluakulu.
Kodi Opioid Yamtundu Wotani Adzalemba?
Mtundu wa opioid womwe umapatsidwa udzadalira mtundu ndi ubwino wa ululu wako. Mukapanda kuyesa mankhwala ena osakhala opioid popanda chithandizo, dokotala wanu sangakupatseni opioid konse. Ngati ma analgesics omwe si opioid sakuthandizani, dokotala wanu angayambe pa opioid yofatsa monga codeine. Kapena, akhoza kukuyesa pa opioid yomwe imasakanizidwa ndi aspirin kapena acetaminophen.
Ngati ululu wanu uli wovuta kwambiri, mungapatsedwe chinachake champhamvu, monga oxycodone. Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyesa mawonekedwe awiri omwe amachititsa nthawi yayitali kuti aziwone zomwe zimapindulitsa kwambiri kupweteka kwanu. Angagwiritsenso ntchito opioids amphamvu ndi zina zotere, malinga ndi zosowa zanu.
Mofanana ndi mankhwala ambiri opweteka, mungafunike kuyesa mitundu yambiri ya opioid kapena opioid musanapeze mpumulo.
Zotsatira:
American Chronic Pain Association. Mankhwala a APCA ndi Zowawa: Supplement 2007. Inapezeka 6/14/09.
Garner-Nix, Jacqueline. Malamulo a Opioid Kugwiritsa Ntchito Osamva Khansa . Canadian Medical Association Journal. July 8, 2003; 169 (1)
Makampani Opanga Mankhwala Othandiza pa Intaneti pa Merck. Ululu: Chithandizo. Inapezeka pa 6/14/09. http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec06/ch078/ch078d.html
National Institute on Drug Abuse. NIDA InfoFacts: Mankhwala Ovomerezeka ndi Oposa. Inapezeka pa 6/17/09. http://www.nida.nih.gov/infofacts/PainMed.html