Matenda Atatu ndi Matenda Anayi
Ngakhale ziphuphu zimakhala zofala m'mabungwe a ana ndipo zingatheke khungu kokha, zina zimayambitsa matenda omwe amapezeka mu thupi lonse. Ambiri mwa mavairasiwa ndi mabakiteriya angapangitse ana kukhala ndi zizindikiro zamatenda zomwe zimawathandiza kupeza chithandizo ndi chithandizo.
Pofika zaka za m'ma 1800, madokotala anazindikira izi, ndipo mu 1905, Dr. Cheinisse ku France adagawira matenda asanu ndi limodzi chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo ndipo adalumikizana nawo ku maphunziro a matenda a anthu.
Masiku ano madokotala amagwiritsabe ntchito mawu ake polemba mapepalawa ndi kuchiritsa odwala. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za "Matenda Atatu" ndi "Matenda Anayi."
Virusi ya Rubella: "Matenda Atatu" kapena Masamba Achi German
Monga shuga, rubella imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka RNA komwe kamakhala kufalikira kudzera m'madzi otsetsereka kapena kukhudzana mwachindunji. M'mbuyomu, ena mwachipatala chotchedwa rubella "chikuku cha Germany," koma mawuwa sagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri ku United States.
Rubella kawirikawiri ndi yofewa kwa akuluakulu ndi ana akuluakulu omwe ali ndi theka la anthu onse omwe ali ndi kachilombo osati kusonyeza zizindikiro zirizonse. Rubella angakhale matenda aakulu kwambiri kwa ana osabereka, komabe, ndi 90% kuchoka kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana. Chifukwa cha katemera wosakwanira padziko lonse kwa amayi, ana 110,000 amabadwa ndi matenda a rubella pachaka. Ana ambiri amamva zofooka kwambiri, kubala pakati pawo, komanso kubereka.
Maonekedwe
Kuthamanga kwa rubella kumayambira pa nkhope ndipo mwamsanga kumakhudza chifuwa, mmbuyo, ndi miyendo. Amayamba masabata awiri kapena atatu atatha kuwonetseredwa ndikusowa masiku angapo. Kuthamanga kwake, ngati chikuku , kumakhala ndi pinki ku mawanga ofiira, pafupifupi nthawi zonse phokoso, lomwe nthawi zambiri limaphatikizapo kuchotsa mawonekedwe ofiira owoneka ofiira.
Kudziwa
Madokotala amatha kupeza matenda a rubella m'mabanja ndi akuluakulu odwala omwe ali ndi mbiri komanso thupi. Rubella, mosiyana ndi chimfine, zimayambitsa kutupa kwa mitsempha kumbuyo kwa khosi ndi makutu kuphatikizapo minofu yotupa patsogolo pa khosi. Kuthamanga kwa rubella ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti apeze matenda, komanso mbiri yakale. Ana akhoza kukhala ndi malungo otsika, ena akukumana ndi nseru ndi maso ofiira. Azimayi amalandira njira yoyezetsa magazi mosavuta chifukwa cha chitetezo cha rubella monga matenda panthawi yomwe mimba imatha kufooka ndi kuopseza mwana wosabadwa. Nthaŵi zina odwala amalandira kachilombo ka HIV kowonongeka pazochitika zosawerengeka.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo cha matenda a rubella akulu, ana, ndi makanda ndizo chithandizo chochirikiza, makamaka madzi, ndi kupumula. Kwa omwe ali ndi kachilomboka, kuphatikizapo makanda atsopano, kuchepetsa kukhudzana ndi osapulumuka kumalangizidwa sabata limodzi. Chithandizo chabwino kwambiri, komabe, ndiko kupewa. Katemera wa Rubella amapezeka m'kugwirizanitsa makoswe, mawere, ndi rubella . Mlingo umodzi umapereka odwala 95% kuti ateteze matenda a rubella.
Kuthamangitsani
Ana akuluakulu osakhala ana omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka rubella kawirikawiri amakhala ndi matenda ofatsa ndipo nthawi zambiri amachira osakwana sabata pakatha kuwonekera.
Ana osabereka m'zaka zitatu zoyambirira zachulukirapo ali pangozi yaikulu, komabe, ndipo amatha kudwala matenda a congenital rubber syndrome, omwe amachititsa kumva kutayika-kusamva m'zinthu zambiri-vuto la mtima, ndi matenda a chithokomiro. Asanayambe katemera m'zaka za m'ma 1960, pafupifupi a 0,5% a ana obadwa padziko lonse anali ndi chiberekero cha kubereka. Ziwalo zoberekera izi nthawi zambiri sizimasinthika.
Matenda a Khungu la Staphylococcal Scalded kapena "Matenda Anayi"
Mabuku ambiri azachipatala lero samatchula matenda a Duke kapena maumboni ena ku Matenda Anayi. Ndicho chikhalidwe chomwe chimakulira mu trivia ya mankhwala ndipo mwachidwi chimachotsedwa, koma chiphatikizidwa pano kuti chilembedwe.
Zikhoza kuyimira matenda a khungu a staphylococcal scalded , omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a bacapia a staphylococcal ndi kutulutsa poizoni m'magazi a munthu.
Maonekedwe
Kuthamanga kumawoneka mwa makanda ndipo kumayambira ndi maonekedwe ofiira pakamwa komwe kumaphimba thupi lonse mkati mwa masiku awiri ndipo limatha kukhala lachisomo. Kugwiritsa ntchito kanyumba kakang'ono pambali pambali ya kusuntha kwa khungu kumatenda a khungu kumabweretsa kusuntha kwa zigawo za khungu, epidermis kuchokera ku dermis, odziwika ndi madokotala ngati chizindikiro cha Nikolsky. Kawirikawiri zilonda zimakhala zilonda zamadzimadzi. Mphunoyi idzasweka ndipo kenako idzawombera. Pakapita masiku 7 mpaka 10, khungu limakula ndikuchiritsa popanda kupweteka kwa nthawi yaitali. Matenda achiwiri a bakiteriya a zilonda amatha kusokonekera. Chiphuphu sichipezeka pamatope.
Kudziwa
Madokotala amachiza matenda a staphylococcal a khungu, kawirikawiri ndi kafukufuku wambiri ndi thupi. Ngati kuli kotheka, zikhalidwe zamagazi ndi chikopa cha khungu la madera okhudzidwa akhoza kutsimikizira kuti ali ndi matenda.
Chithandizo
Odwala akudwala amafunika kuthandizira komanso kuthetsa matenda oyambirira. Njira zothandizira zimaphatikizapo kutsegula magazi komanso kuteteza malungo kuphatikizapo acetaminophen (Tylenol) . Mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timaphatikizapo nafcillin, oxacillin kapena vancomycin Clindamycin imagwiritsidwanso ntchito nthawi zina chifukwa cha kulepheretsa poizoni wa staplocloccal, dalaivala wamkulu wa matenda a khungu.
Kuthamangitsani
Ana amachira bwino ndi chithandizo chochirikiza ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo. Ana ambiri adzakhala abwino kwambiri mkati mwa masiku khumi.
> Zotsatira:
> "Za Rubella." Zomwe Zidzakhala Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda. 2014.
> Belazarian et al. "Exanthematous Viral Diseases." Dermatology ya Fitzpatrick mu General Medicine; 2012: 2337-2366.
> Cheinisse L: Kupweteka kwachisanu ndi chimodzi cha matenda: Matendawa amayamba: Le megalerytheme epidemique. Sem Med 1905; 25: 205-207.
> "Rubella." World Health Organization. 2015.