Matenda a Neurodegenerative
Matenda a MELAS (myochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, ndi stroke) ndi matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa kusintha kwa DNA ya mitochondrial. Mitochondria ndizo mkati mwa maselo athu omwe makamaka amapangitsa mphamvu zomwe maselo amafunika kuti azichita. Mitochondria ali ndi DNA yawo, yomwe nthawizonse imachokera kwa mayi.
Komabe, matenda a MELAS kawirikawiri sakhala obadwa; kusintha kwa matendawa kumapezeka kawirikawiri.
Chifukwa chakuti matendawa sadziwika bwino ndipo zingakhale zovuta kudziwitsa, sizikudziwika kuti anthu ambiri apanga bwanji MELAS padziko lonse lapansi. Matendawa amakhudza mafuko onse, amuna ndi akazi.
Nthawi zambiri anthu okhudzidwa amayamba kusonyeza zizindikiro pakati pa zaka zapakati pa 4 ndi 40. Kutsekemera ndi kosauka; Matendawa nthawi zambiri amafa. Palibe mankhwala a matenda a MELAS; chithandizo chamankhwala chimathandiza kwambiri.
Zizindikiro
Chifukwa chakuti minochondria yosalephereka ilipo mu maselo onse a odwala Matenda a MELAS, zizindikiro zambiri zingayambe, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimafooketsa. Kukwapula kumachititsa kuti ubongo uwonongeke, zomwe zimayambitsa kufooka , kupweteka, kapena kufooka kwapadera. Matenda a ubongo amachititsa mantha, mitsempha ya minofu, akhungu, osamva, ndipo angayambitse matenda a maganizo. Myopathy (matenda a mitsempha) imayambitsa mavuto, kuyenda, kudya, ndi kulankhula.
Kudziwa
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a MELAS, stroke, kapena zizindikiro zofanana ndi kupweteka mutu, kusanza, kapena kugwidwa, ndiye chitsimikizo choyamba kuti chinachake chalakwika. Gawo loyamba la kupwetekedwa kawirikawiri limapezeka muunyamata pakati pa zaka zapakati pa 4 ndi 15, koma zingakhalepo kwa ana kapena akuluakulu.
Musanayambe kupweteka koyamba, mwanayo akhoza kuchedwa kukula ndikukula, kukhala ndi vuto la kuphunzira kapena kusokonezeka kwa matenda.
Mayesero angayang'ane mlingo wa lactic acid m'magazi ndi cerebrospinal fluid . Mayeso a magazi angayang'ane kuti ayambe kuyambitsa matenda a mitsempha. Chitsanzo cha minofu (biopsy) chikhoza kuyesedwa kuti chikhale chosowa kwambiri ku MELAS. Maphunziro a ubongo wa ubongo, monga computed tomography (CT scan) kapena maginito a magnetic resonance (MRI), akhoza kuyang'ana zizindikiro za kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kuchokera ku stroke.
Chithandizo
Mwamwayi, palibe mankhwala kuti athetse kuwonongeka kwa matenda a MELAS, ndipo zotsatirapo kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda nthawi zambiri ndi osauka. Maphunziro apamwamba a masitimu angakuthandizeni kupirira kupirira kwa anthu omwe ali ndi myopathy. Thandizo la mankhwala, kuphatikizapo zakudya zowonjezera zakudya, zasonyeza ubwino kwa anthu ena. Mankhwalawa akuphatikizapo coenzyme Q10, phylloquinone, menadione, ascorbate, riboflavin, nicotinamide, creator monohydrate, idebenone, succinate, ndi dichloroacetate. Kaya mankhwalawa akuthandizira anthu onse omwe ali ndi matenda a MELAS akuwerengabebe.
Zotsatira:
Scaglia, F. (2002). Matenda a MELAS. eMedicine.
Kaufmann P, Engelstad K, Wei Y, et al. Mbiri yachilengedwe ya MELAS yokhudzana ndi DNA ya mitochondrial m.3243A> G genotype. Neurology 2011; 77: 1965.