Mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa kuti ng'ombe zikhale ndi matenda amatha kukhala ndi matenda a Crohn
Magulu oleza mtima ndi makampani a mkaka akuwonetsa matenda omwe amakhudza 1 pa ziweto zisanu zonse za ku US ndipo amauzidwa kuti agwirizane ndi matenda a Crohn. Sitikudziwikanso ngati kulipo, ndithudi kugwirizana pakati pa mabakiteriya omwe amapezeka kuti akuyetsa ng'ombe ndi matenda opatsirana pogwira (IBD) . Komabe, ndi nkhani yomwe imakhudza kwambiri odwala ndi ofufuza.
Kodi Matendawo a Johne Ndi Otani?
Matenda a Johne's (YO-nees) amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya Mycobacterium paratuberculosis ndipo akuganiza kuti mtengo wa mkaka ulipira madola 200 mpaka $ 250 miliyoni pachaka. Kuchotsa Johne kumaphatikizapo kuyezetsa kuti adziwe ng'ombe zoyipa kuti awononge. Akuti pafupifupi 68 peresenti ya ziweto za mkaka zili ndi matenda a Johne.
Ng'ombe yowononga imasonyeza zizindikiro za kutsekula m'mimba ndi kuwonongeka kwa thupi pamene mabakiteriya amamuukira. Chiwopsezo chachikulu kapena kupweteka kwa m'mimba (zovuta kudziwitsa zinyama) ndi zizindikiro. Pamene matendawa akupita, tsamba lonse la m'mimba limakhudzidwa. Potsirizira pake, mabakiteriya amafalikira ku maselo am'mimba ndi m'magazi. Ng'ombe ikatululidwa, nthawi zambiri imatumizidwa kuti ikaphedwe - ndiko kuti, yakhala steak ndi hamburger.
Mmene Ng'ombe Zimakhudzidwira
Mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa Johnne kutsanulidwa ndi ng'ombe yathanzi mumkaka wake. Njira yamakono yoperekera zakudya ikuchokera ku Kutentha Kwambiri, Nthawi Yachidule (HTST).
Izi zikutanthauza kuti mkaka umawotcha 72º Celsius (162º F) kwa masekondi 15. Nthawi ya masekondi 15 awonetsedwa kuti sali okwanira kupha mabakiteriya onse a paratuberculosis, omwe ali ndi khoma lakuda, laxy cell. Chotsatira chake, paratuberculosis ikhoza kukhala mwa njira yoperekera zakudya komanso kukhala m'makateti a mkaka pamasitolo.
Ndipotu, ofufuza anapeza kuti mkaka wokwana 25% wokhazikika m'masitolo okhala pakati ndi kum'mwera kwa England uli ndi DAT paratuberculosis.
Matenda a Johne si a ng'ombe okha. Ikhoza kuthanso zilombo zina monga nkhosa, nyamakazi, komanso malinga ndi asayansi a ku Scottish, akalulu, nkhandwe, kuimitsa, mafosholo, mbewa, ndi voles. Iwo amavomereza kuti nyama izi zimadwala matendawa, koma sizikudziwika ngati zingathe kupititsa mabakiteriya ku ziweto.
Gwirizanitsani Matenda a Crohn
Nthano yotsutsana ndi yakuti paratuberculosis ikhozanso kuyambitsa matenda a Crohn mwa anthu. Mu 1984, matenda osakanizidwa a Mycobacterium anali osiyana ndi odwala atatu a Crohn. Mu 1991, zinatheka kuthetsa mavuto atatuwa monga onse a M paratuberculosis. Mu 1992, phunziro lina linayambika pa matumbo a m'mimba atachotsedwa pa opaleshoni kuchokera ku Crohn's, 23, zilonda zam'mimba, ndi 40 omwe sanali a IBD. 65% mwa zitsanzo za odwala a Crohn anali ndi M paratuberculosis , zosiyana ndi 12.5% okha omwe si a IBD. Ofufuzawa anapeza kuti M paratuberculosis "amachititsa kuti matenda a Crohn awonongeke."
Mu 1998 bungwe la National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) linagwira msonkhano kuti lipitirize kufufuza zowonjezereka pa mgwirizano pakati pa M paratuberculosis ndi Crohn's disease.
Ophunzirawo adavomereza kuti umboni wambiri wa sayansi ndi wofunikira kutsimikizira kapena kutsutsa kuti M paratuberculosis ingayambitse matenda mwa anthu. Mfundo zingapo zowonjezera kafukufuku zinazindikiritsidwa.
Zotsatira Zotsatira Pofufuza
Gulu lolondolera odwala, Paratuberculosis Awareness and Research Association, Inc (PARA), lasintha kwambiri pa nkhaniyi. Mu March 2001, Cheryl Miller, Mkulu wapampando wamkulu wa PARA, adachitira umboni pamaso pa bungwe la US House House Mortgage Committee, Labor and Health and Human Services, ndi maphunziro akuwapempha kuti azipatula ndalama pofuna kufufuza matenda a Crohn.
Zochitika izi ndizo zowonjezera kafukufuku wina pa zomwe zingayambitse matenda a Crohn. Tsopano akuganiza kuti IBD kwenikweni ndi matenda ambiri, ndipo pangakhale zifukwa zosiyanasiyana.
Zotsatira:
Chiodini RJ, Van Kruiningen HJ, Merkal RS, Thayer WR, ndi Coutu JA. "Zizindikiro za mitundu yosawerengeka ya Mycobacterium yomwe ili kutali ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Crohn's." J Clin Microbiol . Nov 1984 20: 966-971.
Collins M, Manning E. "Epidemiology." Johne's Information Center, Yunivesite ya Wisconsin. 3 Mar 2010.
Perekani IR, mpira HJ, Rowe MT. "Mmene zimapangidwira kutentha kwa peresenti, komanso nthawi yochulukirapo pa madigiri 72, pa mavitamini a Mycobacterium paratuberculosis." Makalata Ogwiritsidwa Ntchito Ogwiritsa Ntchito Zachilengedwe . Jun 1999 28: 461-465.
Millar D, et al. "IS900 PCR yowona Mycobacterium paratuberculosis mu Mafakitale Ogulitsa Mafuta a Ng'ombe Yonse ya Pasteurized ku England ndi Wales." Ntchito ndi Environmental Microbiology . Sept 1996 62: 3446-3452. 12 Apr 2012.
Moss MT, Green EP, Tizard ML, Malik ZP, Hermon-Taylor J. "Kuzindikira mwachindunji kwa Mycobacterium paratuberculosis ndi DNA kusakanizidwa ndi chidutswa cha insler element IS900." Gut Apr Apr; 32: 395-398.
Naser SA, Sagramsingh SR, Naser AS, Thanigachalam S. "Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis imayambitsa matenda a Crohn m'matenda ena opweteka a m'mimba." World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG. 2014; 20 (23): 7403-7415.
Sanderson JD, Moss MT, Tizard MLV, Hermon-Taylor. "DNA ya mycobacterium paratuberculosis m'matenda a Crohn's." Gut 1992; 33: 890-896.