N'chifukwa Chiyani Maso Owala Amakhala Oopsa Kwambiri Kuwononga Kwa dzuwa?
Nyimbo ya Elton John ikhoza kusonyeza "maso a buluu akuseka dzuwa," koma anthu omwe ali ndi maso abwino ayenera kumvetsetsa bwino ngozi zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, malinga ndi American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO). Mu kafukufuku wa 2014 womwe adalamulidwa ndi AAO, anthu ochepa omwe ali ndi maso a buluu, obiriwira kapena otukuka ankawoneka kuti amadziwa kuti kuwala kwawo kwa maso kumapangitsa kuti pakhale ngozi yaikulu ya mtsogolo komanso mavuto ena a maso.
Zoopsa ndi Diso lokalamba
Zotsatira za chilengedwe za ukalamba, cataract ndi mkuntho wopitirirabe wa diso la diso. Ngakhale zinthu zambiri monga kusuta ndi steroid zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito zingathandize kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi, zimagwirizanitsa ndi zaka zambiri zomwe zimawoneka kuti dzuwa limatha. Anthu oposa theka la Amereka adzakhala ndi ubongo pamene ali ndi zaka 80, akuwopsyeza maso awo, ufulu wawo komanso thanzi lawo lonse.
Kuchokera kumatenda osatulutsidwa, kukhoza kukhoza kutayika kwathunthu kwa masomphenya; ndizo zitsogolere zakhungu padziko lonse lapansi.
Kuwala ndi Maso Adima
Anthu omwe ali ndi mitundu yonse ya diso amawopsa, koma kafukufuku wapeza kuti akuluakulu omwe ali ndi maso owala amakhala otetezeka ku mitundu yonse ya UV, kuphatikizapo cataracts, melanoma yosalala kapena maola , ndi kuwonongeka kwa maundana omwe ali ndi zaka zambiri (ARMD).
Pafupi theka la anthu a ku North America ali ndi maso owala.
Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wa 2006 mu Archives of Ophthalmology anafufuza kafukufuku 132 ndipo anatsimikizira kuti anthu omwe ali ndi maso a maso amatha kukhala ndi mwayi woposa 75 wokhala ndi khansa ya maso, omwe amakhala ndi khansa ya diso komanso malo omwe amapezeka ku khansa ya khungu kusiyana ndi khungu. .
Monga momwe khungu lakuda limakhala ndi nkhuni zomwe zimatulutsa kuwala kwa dzuwa, mdima wandiweyani - mbali yamitundu ya diso - amakhulupirira kuti amaletsa kuwala kwina kwa UV kuti akanthe ndi kuwononga maonekedwe a diso monga lens , retina ndi macula .
Kafukufuku Wotsutsana
Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, maphunziro awiri a ku Australia omwe anafalitsidwa mu 2000 ndi 2002 mu American Journal of Ophthalmology anapeza chosiyana ndi ichi: Okalamba omwe anali ndi diso lakuda anali ndi mwayi woposa 80% wokhala ndi ubongo pa zaka zisanu zapadera, poyerekeza ndi anzawo a maso a buluu.
Mapepala onsewa anali okhudzana ndi anthu akuluakulu, monga gawo la Phunziro la Maso a Blue Mountains. Amuna ndi akazi oposa 3,600 a zaka zapakati pa 49 ndi 97 adachita nawo kufufuza kwa nthawi yaitali.
Werengani zambiri: Kodi asayansi amapeza bwanji ndikutsata anthu onsewa?
N'chifukwa chiyani kusiyana pakati pa kafukufuku kumapangitsa? Kodi n'chifukwa chiyani nkhani zamdima zimadwala kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa UV mwachisawawa mu maphunzirowa? Kuti ndiyankhe funsoli, ndinamufunsa Stephanie Marioneaux, katswiri wodziwika bwino wa ophthalmologist ndi katswiri wa cornea.
"Maphunziro a ku Australia anali okonzedwa bwino ndi ochitidwa bwino," akutero. "Koma chidziwitso chokhudza maso a mdima chimangotiuza za chiwerengerochi, ndipo sizingatheke kuti tidziwidwe ku malo ena. Australia ndi chilumba chokhala ndi anthu osiyana, ndipo mwina pakhoza kukhala zibadwa kapena ngakhale zoopsa za zakudya - chifukwa timadziwa kuti zakudya zokhudzana ndi thanzi zimakhudza thanzi labwino - zomwe sizinachitike mu kafukufukuyu. "
Mmene Mungatetezere Maso Anu
Kaya maso anu ndi owala kapena a mdima, kuvala magalasi okhala ndi magetsi omwe amaletsa kuwala kwa dzuwa kumakhalabe njira yosavuta yotetezera kuwononga kwa dzuwa. Fufuzani "Kutetezedwa kwa UV" 100 kapena (99%) pa chizindikirocho kuti muwonetsetse kuti magalasi amaletsa mazira a UVA ndi UVB.
Njira ina yowonjezeredwa ikuwonetsedwa ndi "UV400", kutanthauza kuti magalasi amatenga kuwala kwa dzuwa mpaka 400 nanometers.
Onetsetsani kuti mutsegulira chimango chachikulu - mwangoyamba ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu - chifukwa mazira a UV akuwonetsedwa kuti alowe mkati, pansi ndi pafupi ndi magalasi malinga ndi Marioneaux. Maso akutetezedwa mowonjezeka ndi kuvala chipewa chachikulu kapena vulala.
Potsirizira pake, musayang'ane dzuwa likamalowa, ziribe kanthu kukongola kwake, limalangiza Marioneaux.
"Zingaoneke ngati zowala, koma ndilo dzuwa lalikulu," akuchenjeza. "Mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa diso lanu, musadalire momwe mumadziwira kuti dzuwa likuwala bwanji kukuuzani ngati muzivala magalasi anu.
Ndipo kumbukirani, simungadziwe mwa kuyang'ana pa magalasi ngati akupereka zowonjezera. Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane mbaliyi pamakalata anu mukawagula. "
Pansi
Magalasi a dzuwa ndi njira yosavuta komanso yothandiza kuteteza kuwonongeka kwa dzuwa, kaya maso anu ali a buluu, a bulauni, kapena chinachake chiri pakati.
Zotsatira:
Zotsatira Zophunzira Zakale. Msonkhano wa US National Institute of Health National Eye Institute.
http://www.nei.nih.gov/amd/background.asp.
Cataract mu Maso Aakulu Achikulire Benchmark - 2013. Amaphunziro Achidwi a American Academy of Ophthalmology.
http://one.aao.org/summary-benchmark-detail/cataract-in-adult-eye-summary-benchmark--october-2.
Cumming, RG, Mitchell P ndi Lim R. "Iris Mtundu ndi Cataract: Maphunziro a Diso la Blue Mountains." Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Aug; 130 (2): 237-8.
Ezekiel Weis, Chirag P. Shah, Martin Lajous, Jerry A. Shields, ndi Carol L. Shields. "Bungwe Pakati pa Host Susceptibility Factors ndi Uveal Melanoma: Kufufuza Meta." Arch Ophthalmol . 2006; 124 (1): 54-60.
Chiwongoladzanja
Zoona Zokhudza Zoopsa za Nthenda. US National Institutes of Health National Eye Institute Mndandanda wa Zowunikira.
https://www.nei.nih.gov/health/cataract/cataract_facts.asp.
Andrea Schmidt-Pokrzywniak, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Norbert Bornfeld, Wolfgang Sauerwein, Andreas Stang. "Kugwirizana Kwambiri Pakati pa Kuwala Iris Mtundu ndi Mafilimu Omwe Amadziwika Pogwiritsa Ntchito Kuopsa kwa Mavotoma a Uveal: Phunziro Lolamulira Mlandu." Ophthalmology February 2009. Vol. 116, Nkhani 2, masamba 340-348.
Stephanie Marioneaux, Bungwe Lovomerezeka la Ophthalmologist ndi Cornea Specialist. Kuyankhulana kochitika pa foni May 28, 2104.
Younan C, Mitchell P, Cumming RG, Rochtchina E, Wang JJ. "Crisact ya mtundu wa Iris ndi Chodziwika ndi Opaleshoni ya Cataract: Maphunziro a Diso la Blue Mountains." Am J Ophthalmol. 2002 Aug; 134 (2): 273-4.