Ngati muli ndi matenda a chiwindi, mwina mumadabwa kuti ndani angathe kuchiza matenda a chiwindi . Chabwino, katswiri wa matenda a chiwindi angathandize. Koma kodi mumadziwa kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madokotala omwe angathe kuchiza matenda a chiwindi? Pofuna kukuthandizani kumvetsetsa omwe akuchita, apa pali ndondomeko yaifupi ya akatswiri osiyana omwe angagwire ntchito pa malo owonetsera thanzi lanu.
Mitundu ya Madokotala
Nthawi yotsatira mukamapita kuchipatala, kuchipatala kapena ku ofesi, tengani kamphindi kuti muwone malo ochezera alendo. M'mbuyomu, wina akhoza kungowona mitundu imodzi kapena awiri ya madokotala omwe adatchulidwa. Masiku ano, pali mitundu yambiri, aliyense ali ndi magawo osiyanasiyana a maphunziro omwe amapereka gawo lofunika la zosowa zanu zaumoyo.
- Madokotala omwe amapeza digiri ya madokotala (MD) kapena dokotala wa digiri ya mankhwala osteopathic (DO) akhoza kupatsidwa chilolezo kuti azichita mankhwala ndi opaleshoni ndi gulu lachipatala la boma. Madokotala awa adatha zaka zinayi ndikuphunzitsidwa ku sukulu ya zachipatala ndikukwaniritsa pulogalamu yowonjezerapo ya zaka zitatu (yotchedwa pulogalamu yakukhala) pokonzekera zapadera. Pulogalamu iliyonse yapadera imakhala ndi nthawi yosiyana yowerengera. Mwachitsanzo, zambiri zapadera zoyamwitsa, monga mankhwala am'banja kapena mankhwala amkati, ndi zaka zitatu kapena zinayi m'litali. Zopangira opaleshoni zimafunika zaka zisanu ndikuphunzitsidwa. Madokotala ali ndi maphunziro oti athetseretu matenda a chiwindi, kaya ali ovuta kapena osapitirira, kaya ali ndi tizilombo kapena ayi.
- Manesi ndi ofunika kwambiri pa dongosolo lachipatala ndipo nthawi zambiri amafotokozedwa ngati maso ndi manja a madokotala. Amagwiritsira ntchito ndondomeko zamankhwala ndikudziwitsa adokotala mavuto alionse. Ponena izi, ntchitoyi ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi madigiri oyambilira amapezeka m'malo osiyanasiyana, osati kuchipatala. Achirendo amamaliza maphunziro ambiri, koma muyeso ndi wopeza zaka zisanu ndi zinayi za sayansi yothandizira (BSN) potsatira kuyesa kwakukulu ndi chilolezo monga RN. Anamwino pamsampha uwu samaphunzira kuti ali ndi matenda kapena amapereka mankhwala koma adzakhala ndi mwayi wothandizira odwala.
- A nurse Ogwira ntchito ndi anamwino omwe amapatsidwa maphunziro opititsa patsogolo maphunziro (NP) ndipo ali ndi chilolezo choti adziwe matenda ena ndipo amapereka mankhwala ena. Madokotala awa amaphunzitsidwa kuti azisamalidwa, ndipo malingana ndi momwe amachitira, angakhale ndi chidziwitso chodziŵika ndi kuchiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a chiwindi.
- Othandizira Amagulu (omwe amatchedwanso PAs) amaphunzitsidwa kugwira ntchito moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wololedwa. Ndi makonzedwe ameneŵa, PAs amatha kuthana ndi zovuta zovuta zomwe zimamasula madokotala kuti azigwira milandu yovuta kwambiri. Mwa njira, PAs ndi dokotala akuwonjezera, kupereka dokotala kuti athe kuona odwala ambiri panthawi yake.
- Mankhwala ochiritsira , mwa mitundu yonse, akukhala otchuka kwambiri koma sakunamiridwanso ndi aliyense. Njira zambiri zothandizira kuti anthu aziona kuti n'zosavuta nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi umboni wosatsutsika wakuti ndiwothandiza. Zitsanzo za madokotala omwe amagwira ntchito m'derali ndi chiropractic (DC) ndi madokotala a naturopathic (ND), ndipo madokotala amaphunzitsa mankhwala achikhalidwe cha ku Asia (OMD). Ngakhale madokotalawa ataphunzitsidwa bwino ndikupereka chithandizo choyenera, ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti ngati njira ina yothandizira ikamagwira ntchito komanso kuthandizidwa ndi sayansi, idzaphatikizidwa mu mankhwala ochiritsira.
Madokotala oyang'anira chisamaliro chapamwamba
Anthu ambiri angaphunzire za matenda awo a chiwindi kuchokera kuchipatala chawo chachikulu. Nthawi zambiri amasamalidwa ngati mtundu wa chithandizo chamankhwala omwe amafunikira aliyense pa moyo wake monga kuunika chaka ndi chaka, maphunziro a zaumoyo komanso kudwala matenda osatha, koma nthawi zambiri amayamba kukhala ndi thanzi labwino kusamala kupeza matenda, monga matenda a chiwindi. M'lingaliro lina, chisamaliro chapadera ndi kumene mungapeze chithandizo chamankhwala chanu chachikulu koma ndilo mlingo woyamba wolowera ku dongosolo la chisamaliro cha America.
Otsogolera oyang'anira chisamaliro ndi madokotala omwe nthawi zambiri amapanga mankhwala am'banja kapena mankhwala amkati.
Omwe amaperekawa adzakhala ndi zofunikira kuti athetse matenda ambiri a chiwindi ndi matenda a chiwindi. Madokotala ena, monga asing'anga ndi othandizira a dokotala, amaperekanso chithandizo chamankhwala akuluakulu ndipo akhoza kukhala ndi chidziwitso chothetsera matenda a hepatitis malingana ndi maphunziro awo.
Akatswiri Omwe Amachiza Chiwindi
Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi chiwindi cha chiwindi amafunika kuona katswiri. Komabe, ngakhale odwala ambiri angathe kuchiritsidwa ndi dokotala wawo wamkulu kapena dokotala, nthawi zina katswiri amafunika kuchita nawo zovuta kapena zachilendo matenda a chiwindi. Pali madokotala atatu omwe amaphunzitsa kuti athetse matenda a chiwindi. Onse atatu amayamba maphunziro awo monga aphunzitsi kapena a ana. Kuchokera pa maphunziro akuluakulu, iwo amapitiliza mwapadera m'madera ena azachipatala.
- Matenda Opatsirana: Dokotala wodwala matenda opatsirana amachititsa matenda opangidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya. Matenda a chiwindi omwe amachititsa matenda a hepatotropic (monga matenda a hepatitis A, B ndi C) amachiritsidwa bwino ndi madokotala awa. Kuchepa kwa chiwindi osati chifukwa cha mavairasi, monga chiwindi cha chiwindi, ndibwino kuti azitsatiridwa ndi akatswiri ena.
- Gastroenterologist : Gastroenterology ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Akatswiriwa amaganizira za ziwalo zonse za thupi ndi njira za thupi. Popeza chiwindi ndi mbali yofunikira ya metabolism ndi digestion, gastroenterologists amadziŵa bwino kwambiri kuchiza matenda a hepatitis.
- Hepatologist: A gastroenterologist amene amaphunzitsidwa kwambiri ku matenda a chiwindi ndi hepatologist . Madokotalawa ndi akatswiri a zaka zambiri omwe amaphunzitsidwa ndipo ali akatswiri pa matenda onse omwe amakhudza chiwindi, makamaka matenda a chiwindi.
Kodi Mumasankha Katswiri Witi?
Kuchiza matenda a chiwindi, kaya ndi matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, matenda osagwiritsidwa ntchito, kapena magwero ena, nthawi zambiri amafunika njira yodabwitsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mitundu ingapo ya madokotala amasonkhana kuti apereke chisamaliro cha akatswiri. Zingakhale kuti mu chisamaliro chanu, mudzakhala ochiritsidwa ndi madokotala osiyanasiyana osiyana-siyana. Mwachitsanzo, katswiri wina akhoza kuchita chiwindi cha chiwindi koma wina angayambitse mankhwala a nthawi yaitali ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi zotsatira zoyipa. Ngakhale kuti izi zikhoza kuyang'aniridwa pa msinkhu woyamwitsa, nthawi zambiri chithandizo cha hepatitis chimagwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri pa chiwerengero cha subspecialty, makamaka chithandizo cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Akatswiri a zachipatala
Aliyense wa akatswiri omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa angaganizire za akulu kapena ana. Mwachitsanzo, dokotala angakhale munthu wamkulu wa gastroenterologist kapena mwana wa gastroenterologist. Kusiyanitsa kumalingaliro kumabwera kuchokera ku chisankho chokhazikika pambuyo pa sukulu ya zachipatala. Kawirikawiri, dokotala amalowa pulogalamu yakukhala mwamsanga atangomaliza sukulu ya zachipatala. Ngati dokotala ali ndi chidwi chochiza ana ndi achinyamata okha, amatha kumaliza pulogalamu ya kumudzi, yomwe ndi zaka zitatu zachipatala choyang'anira. Pambuyo pa pulojekitiyi, dokotala akhoza kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala enaake monga gastroenterology.
Ngati dokotala amangofuna kuchiza anthu akuluakulu, adokotala adzamaliza pulogalamu yokhalamo m'kati mwa mankhwala. Pambuyo pake, iye angathenso kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala enaake.
Ngakhale ziri zophweka kuganiza kuti ana ndi "achikulire" chabe pankhani ya chithandizo chamankhwala, izi siziri zoona. Popeza ana ali ndi nkhawa zachipatala ndipo amafuna mankhwala osiyana, nthawi zonse ndibwino kuti ana kapena achinyamata azitha katswiri wa ana . Tsoka ilo, msinkhu uwu wa chisamaliro sungapezeke m'malo onse, makamaka m'midzi yaying'ono kapena m'midzi.
> Zotsatira:
> American Academy of Family Physicians. "Chisamaliro chapamwamba."
> Bureau of Labor Statistics. Anamwino Ovomerezeka. December, 2007.
> Phunziro la Gastroenterology, masamba 29-31. May, 2007.