Mimbulu yotsekemera inafalitsa matenda a Chagas.
Kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2015, chigawenga chopsompsona chinasokoneza mbali zambiri za kumwera kwa United States. Ngakhale kuti matenda a Chagas akudziwika ku South ndi Central America, amadziwa kuti zipsyinjozi zikupsyopsyona. Komabe, tsopano zikuwoneka kuti tizilombo tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tazipanga njira zawo.
Kodi Kupsya Nsomba N'kutani?
Nkhumba zotsekemera ndi mtundu wa triatomine kapena kachilombo kochepetsetsa kamene kangatenge tizilombo toyambitsa matenda otchedwa Trypanosoma cruzi (T.
Cruzi). Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti sizimbuzi zonse zopsompsona zomwe zilipo T. Cruzi . Mitundu khumi ndi itatu ya katemera wa triatomine yapezeka kum'mwera kwa United States, kuphatikizapo ku Florida, Texas, ndi California. Kwachidule, zipsyinjo zazing'onong'ono zingapezeke mu mayiko 28.
Zilombozi zimayambitsa madzulo ndipo zimadyetsa magazi a nyama (nyama), mbalame ndi zokwawa. Misampha yotsekemera imatchedwa dzina lawo chifukwa nthawi zambiri imaluma pafupi ndi pakamwa pa munthu wogona. Pambuyo pa kudyetsa, kumpsompsona mimbulu kungathe kulepheretsa munthu. Munthu akamakopeka ndi kulumala, chidebechi, chomwe chili ndi tizilombo T. Cruzi, chimayambitsidwa m'magazi omwe amachititsa kuti munthu wodwalayo azidwala matenda a Chagas (ie, American trypanosomiasis). Mwinanso, ngati chipsinjo chotchedwa bugus defecates pafupi kapena pafupi ndi ntchentche monga diso kapena pakamwa, T. Cruzi akhoza kulowa mu thupi kudutsa mu membrane.
Malingana ndi kafukufuku wa matenda a Chagas ku Texas A & M University:
Kugonjetsedwa ndi Trypanosoma cruzi kungayambitse matenda a Chagas mwa anthu, agalu, ndi zinyama zina. Nkhuku zogometsa zimatha kupatsira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda poizuma ndikutsutsa pafupi ndi malo a kuluma. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala m'magazi am'mimba ndipo timakhetsedwa m'matumbo. Ngati matenda opatsirana opatsirana pogonana amawononga mazira kapena malo ophera tizilombo, zimatulutsa kachilomboka. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mwamwayi ngakhale pakati pa anthu omwe akudandaula ndi zipsompsono zazing'onoting'ono, kutumiza kwa T. Cruzi kukhala kofala kwambiri kumakhala kosazolowereka. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, chifukwa chakuti mwalumidwa ndi bukhu lakumpsyopsyona sikukutanthauza kuti mudzakhala ndi matenda a Chagas.
Mimbulu yotsitsa nthawi zambiri imakhala m'magulu a nyumba ndi zinyumba zina. Nkhumbazi zimapezeka nthawi zambiri m'nyumba zosungidwa ndi rodent infestation. Mimbuluyi imatha kupezeka pansi pa mattresses, nkhuku zophika, njenjeni za galu, mulu wa miyala, mulu wa nkhuni kapena burashi, pansi pa mapepala, ndi zina zotero.
Nkhumba zotsekemera zimafanana ndi zipolopolo zambiri za triatomine ndi kafadala ndipo nthawi zambiri zimasokonezeka ndi ziphuphu zakupha ndi magulu a magudumu, zomwe sizidya magazi a anthu ndipo sizifalitsa matenda a Chagas. Zindikirani, mosiyana ndi zida zina zofanana-siyana, kupsompsona mimbulu nthawi zambiri kumakhala m'nyumba.
Matenda a Chagas
Chaka chilichonse, anthu pafupifupi 7 miliyoni padziko lapansi (makamaka ku Latin America) ali ndi matenda a Chagas. Kwa anthu ambiri, matendawa ndi omwe amadzipangitsa okhaokha (amachoka paokha) ndipo amakonza pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri.
Zizindikiro zofanana ndi matenda a Chagas ndi awa:
- Fever
- Thupi limapweteka
- Kutupa kwa maso
- Kukulira pa chizindikiro cha kuluma
- Mutu
- Pallor
- Kupweteka pachifuwa
- Kupweteka m'mimba
- Kutupa kwa ma lymph nodes (lymphadenopathy)
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka T. Cruzi sasonyeza zizindikiro za matenda aakulu. Komabe, osachepera theka la anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amatha kuona zizindikiro za matenda aakulu. Zizindikiro izi zingakhale zakupha ndipo zikuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- Kuphatikizika kwa mtima komwe kungayambitse imfa mwadzidzidzi
- Mtima wowonjezereka womwe ungapangitse mtima kulephera
- Kusungunuka kwa colon ndi malo omwe imayambitsa matenda
- Kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo cha stroke
- Kuwonjezeka kwa chiopsezo chokhala ndi aneurysm
Pofuna kupewa matenda oopsawa, ndikofunika kuti matenda a Chagas azisamalidwa panthawi yovuta.
Ngati atengedwa mofulumira, mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga benznidazole ndi nifurtimox ndi pafupifupi 100 peresenti yochizira matenda a Chagas. Komabe, mphamvu zawo zimachepetsedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Chagas kwa nthawi ndithu. Kuchiza ndi mankhwalawa kumakhala pafupifupi miyezi iwiri, ndipo amayi apakati ndi anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la impso kapena chiwindi sayenera kumwa mankhwalawa.
Kupewa Matenda a Chagas
Ngati mumakhala kumalo komwe kumapezeka zipsyinjo (mwachitsanzo, zatha), mutha kutenga njira zotsatirazi zothandizira kuchepetsa matenda anu a Chagas:
- Pezani chiwonongeko kuti mupulitsire nyumba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
- Pangani zokonzanso pakhomo kuti mudzaze zitsulo ndi zitsamba zomwe kumpsompsonana kumabisala
- Pitirizani kukhala aukhondo makamaka ponena za kusungirako chakudya ndi kumwa
- Sungani malo abwino ogona
- Khalani ndi malo abwino kwa ziweto zanu
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwakhala mukukupsompsonani ndipo tsopano muli ndi matenda a Chagas, funsani dokotala mwamsanga ndikumuuza za nkhawa yanu. Chonde kumbukirani kuti chithandizo cha matenda a Chagas chimapindulitsa kwambiri pamene chinayambitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yovuta ya matenda.
Zotsatira
Kirchhoff LV, Rassi A, Jr. Chagas Matenda ndi Trypanosomiasis ya ku Africa. Mu: Kasper D, Fauci A, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Mfundo za Harrison za Internal Medicine, 19e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2015.
Texas A & M University of Agriculture & Life Sciences. Kupsompsona Bugs & Chagas.