Mankhwala oopsa otchedwa osteoarthritis amaonedwa kuti ndi achilendo ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi osteoarthritis (OA). Ndiwodabwitsa chifukwa pali kutupa kotsekedwa kumene kumayambitsa, zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika zokhudzana ndi x-ray, komanso ululu wowawa kwambiri.
Mwa kupeza chidziwitso cha matendawa, mutha kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake zili zolepheretsa kuposa momwe OA amachitira.
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro
Kawirikawiri majeremusi oopsa amayamba ndi chiwombankhanga chachisomo chachikulu mu ziwalo zingapo zala, kuphatikizapo kufiira, kuuma, kutentha, ndi kutupa. Kuyamba kwadzidzidzi kwa zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka m'magulu a osteoarthritis akusiyana kwambiri ndi kuyamba kumene pang'onopang'ono kumawoneka m'maganizo a mitsempha.
Zithunzi za manja a munthu wina amene ali ndi matenda odwala matenda a m'magazi amavumbulutsira mapulaneti, omwe amathyoka m'kati mwa phokoso (pa x-ray, mukuona "malo opanda malo" kapena malo omwe pamakhala fupa koma apo si).
Mu mafupa osteoarthritis, kusintha kwina kwa x-ray komwe kumawoneka kumaphatikizapo:
- Osteophytes (bony kukula)
- Mphepete mwa nsomba (cysts mu fupa pansi pa karotila)
- Kugonjetsedwa (kusokoneza mbali)
- Ankyloses (kuuma kwa mgwirizano wa fupa fusion)
Akazi Amakhudzidwa Osati Amuna
Chiwerengero cha osteoarthritis chachikulu ndi pafupifupi 3 peresenti ya anthu ambiri, ndipo amayi amakhudzidwa kuposa amuna.
Ngakhale zili choncho, magawowa akutsutsana ndi akatswiri, makamaka chifukwa chakuti kafukufuku wina amene adafufuza momwe chiwerengero cha anthu odwala matenda a m'magazi amachitira kuti chiwerengero cha anthu (mpaka 40 peresenti) chimaonetsa "kusintha kosintha."
Izi zikusonyeza kuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi "matenda a mitsempha ya manja" angakhale ndi "osteoarthritis". Izi zapangitsa mpikisano kuti kaya matenda osteoarthritis akuthera ndi matenda ake enieni kapena kuti pang'onopang'ono matenda a mitsempha ya osteoarthritis ikupita patsogolo.
Kudziwa
Kutulukira kwa osteoarthritis akutherabe ndi njira yowopsya, popeza palibe pakali pano. Ngakhale zili choncho, madokotala amagwiritsira ntchito zizindikiro zamankhwala komanso ma x-ray kuti potsirizira pake adziwe matendawa.
Mbiri ya Zamankhwala: Kuti adziwe matenda osteoarthritis, dokotala amayamba kuchita mbiri yachipatala ndi kuunika kwa thupi. Malingana ndi mbiri yachipatala, dokotala wanu adzafunsa mafunso okhudza mbiri yakale kapena banja lanu la nyamakazi, makamaka nyamakazi ya nyamakazi (matenda omwe amafanana kwambiri ndi osteoarthritis).
Afunsanso kudziwa ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zonse za thupi monga kutentha thupi, kutopa, kapena kulemera. Izi siziyenera kupezeka m'magulu a osteoarthritis koma akhoza kudwala matenda a nyamakazi kapena mitundu ina ya nyamakazi yotupa (mwachitsanzo, psematic arthritis).
Kuyezetsa thupi: Pofufuza za manja anu, dokotala wanu akhoza kupanikiza pang'ono pakhomo kuti adziwe kutupa, kutentha, kutentha, ndi kuphulika. Awonanso kuyendayenda ndi mphamvu za zala zanu.
Kumbukirani kuti, m'magulu otsekula m'mimba, pali njira yotupa yomwe ikupitirira (monga zikusonyezedwa ndi zochitika zogwiritsa ntchito x-ray), kugwedeza, mgwirizano, ndi ntchito yophatikizana ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe zilili ndi manja OA.
Dokotala wanu adzayang'ananso ziwalo zina m'thupi lanu, kupatula manja anu, monga zida zanu ndi zilembo, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda a nyamakazi koma osati m'magulu a mitsempha ya osteoarthritis.
Chinthu chinanso kwa madotolo chimene munthu angakhale nacho ndi osteoarthritis chodziwika ndizomwe zimaphatikizapo zizindikiro zala. M'magulu otsekula m'mimba, ziwalo zofiira pamtunda (zomwe zimatchedwa interallangeal joints) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, zotsatiridwa ndi ziwalo zomwe zili pafupi kwambiri ndi ziphuphu (zotchedwa interphalangeal joints).
Mankhono a dzanja (otchedwa metacarpal-phalangeal joints) kawirikawiri sakhudzidwa, ndipo chophwanyika chachabechabe chimatulutsidwa m'thupi la osteoarthritis.
Mayesero a Magazi: Dokotala wanu akhoza kuyambitsa mayeso a magazi, zambiri kuti athetse matenda ena kusiyana ndi kulamulira mthupi la osteoarthritis. Mayesero a magazi awa amadziphatikizapo:
- Mlingo wa Erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR)
- Puloteni wothandizira (CP)
- Chifuwa chachikulu
- Peptide anti-cyclic citrullinated antibody
Mayesero awa akhoza kukhala abwino (kapena okwezedwa) mu nyamakazi ya nyamakazi koma ayenera kukhala mkati mwachidziwitso cha osteoarthritis.
Mayesero A Kujambula: Umboni wa X-ray wa machitidwe opangira manja umapindulitsa kwambiri pakupangitsa kuti munthu adziwe kuti ali ndi matenda a mitsempha ya osteoarthritis. Izi ndi zosiyana ndi zisokonezo zamkati (malo opanda kanthu pambali) omwe amawoneka mu nyamakazi kapena nyamakazi ya psoriatic.
Chithandizo
Chinthu chenichenicho chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a osteoarthritis sichidziwikiratu, kotero mankhwala akuvutabe. Pakalipano, mankhwala opatsirana osteoarthritis amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa mankhwala opatsirana ndi mankhwala osagwira ntchito . Monga momwe kafukufuku ukusinthira, mankhwala atsopano akuwonekera, ngakhale umboni umene uli pambuyo pawo ukadali mmawa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, adalimumab (tumor necrosis factor inhibitor) ikhoza kukhala chithandizo chothandiza kwa osteoarthritis.
Potsirizira pake, chifukwa cha nkhawa za manja ndi zowonongeka manja ndi ntchito ya osteoarthritis, mankhwala oyambirira ndi abwino kwambiri. Ngakhale zili choncho, ndi bwino kuzindikira kuti, mosiyana ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, kutupa kwa osteoarthritis kukutha kumapeto.
Mawu Ochokera
Chithunzi chachikulu apa ndi chakuti pamene zizindikiro zenizeni za matenda a osteoarthritis akutha kutsutsana ndi akatswiri, kupwetekedwa (poyerekeza ndi matenda opatsirana a manja) ndi zochitika zenizeni za x-ray (zigawo zazikuluzikulu) zimasonyeza mbali.
Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi mitsempha yambiri ya osteoarthritis, onetsetsani kuti mukusamalira chisamaliro kwa dokotala yemwe ali mwapadera pa ziwalo (wotchedwa rheumatologist). Ndi ndondomeko yabwino ya mankhwala yomwe imaphatikizapo mankhwala ndi mankhwala, mukhoza kulimbitsa thanzi lanu limodzi.
> Zotsatira:
> Anandarajah A. (2010). Kupeza Mankhwala: Oseoarthritis Oopsa.
> Doherty M, Abhishek A. Kuwonetseredwa kwapadera, ndi matenda a osteoarthritis. Hunter D, ed. Zaposachedwa. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Gazeley DJ, Yeturi S, Patel PJ, Rosenthal AK. Mankhwala oopsa a m'magazi: Kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane mafotokozedwe ogwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabuku. Semin Arthritis Rheum . 2017 Feb; 46 (4): 395-403.
> Kwok WY, Kloppenburg M, Rosendaal FR, van Meurs JB, Hofman A, Bierma-Zeinstra SM. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo osteoarthritis: kuchulukitsa kwake ndi zotsatira za matenda m'thupi komanso matenda opatsirana opaleshoni. Ann Rheum Dis . 2011 Jul; 70 (7): 1238-42.
> Verbruggen G, Wittoek R, Vander Cruyssen B, Elewaut D. Tumor necrosis chinthu choletsedwa kuti asamalidwe ndi osteoarthritis of the interphalangeal. Ann Rheum Dis . 2012 Jun 1; 71 (6): 891-98.