Impso zanu ndi ziwalo ziwiri zooneka ngati nyemba ziri pansi pa nthiti zanu. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndikusakaniza magazi kuti athetsepo zinyalala ndi zina zamadzimadzi.
Immunoglobulin Nthephropathy (IgA manyowa) ndi vuto la impso lomwe limakhudza glomerulus, lomwe ndi mndandanda wovuta kwambiri wa mitsempha ya magazi yomwe imayambitsa ntchito yowonda magazi.
Mwachidule
Impso zanu zili ndi pafupifupi 1 million nephrons, ndipo nephron iliyonse ili ndi glomerulus.
Mitundu ya glomeruli kapena maselo ambiri a mitsempha mumatsuka mwazi wanu. Amatulutsa zinyalala ndi madzi (monga mkodzo) kwa chikhodzodzo ndi kumasula magazi ndi ma molekyulu akuluakulu, monga mapuloteni, kubwerera m'magazi.
Kawirikawiri, chitetezo cha mthupi cha munthu chimatulutsa antibody, immunoglobulin A, poyang'ana mtundu wina wa chiwindi monga matenda a tizilombo. Koma anthu omwe ali ndi nthenda ya IgA, immunoglobulin A imamangirira ndikudziika mkati mwa glomeruli a impso zawo.
Matenda a immunoglobulin A buildup amachititsa kuti kutupa kwa impso, ndipo pamapeto pake kumawombera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kuti glomeruli ayambe kugwira ntchito. Zotsatira zake, impso kulephera .
Ziwerengero
Ku North America, amuna oposa awiri aliwonse ali ndi chiopsezo cha IgA, ndipo izi zimakhudzana ndi ana ndi akulu. Kuphatikiza pa kukhala ofala kwambiri kwa amuna, nthenda ya IgA imapezeka kwambiri ku Caucasians ndi ku Asiya komanso yosawerengeka ku African-American.
Potsirizira pake, ku United States, oposa theka la akulu, omwe ali ndi zaka 30 kapena kuposerapo panthawi ya matenda a chifuwa cha IgA, khalani ndi gawo lachitatu kuti adziwe matenda asanu a impso. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kugonana kwa IgA ntchentche m'mbuyomu kungakhale kopindulitsa, monga chithandizo chingathe kuchepetsa kugwira ntchito kwa impso za munthu.
Kudziwa
Zizindikiro ziwiri zofala kwambiri za IgA nthenda zokhala ndi magazi mumkodzo , zomwe zimayambitsa mkodzo kuyang'ana tiyi, ndi mapuloteni m'mkodzo , zomwe zingayambitse mkodzo kukhala wofiira.
Komabe, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi nthenda ya IgA alibe zizindikilo. Ngati munthu awona magazi aakulu mumtambo wawo, ndipo ali ndi matenda a IgA, nthawi zambiri amatha kutenga matenda a tizilombo ngati chimfine kapena chimfine.
Ndicho, dokotala akhoza kukudandaulirani kuti inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi chidwi cha IgA chifukwa cha mbiri yosamala, komanso umboni wa kuyesa ndi mkodzo. Kuti atsimikizidwe kuti apeza matendawa, katswiri wa sayansi (dokotala yemwe amadziwika kwambiri ndi matenda a impso) amachotsa kachilombo kakang'ono ka impso. Ndondomekoyi imatchedwa biopsy ndipo imachitika mwa kuyika singano kumbuyo kwanu, kumene impso ingapezeke mosavuta.
Pambuyo pa biopsy, katswiri wa matenda a matenda adzayang'ana minofu ya impso pansi pogwiritsa ntchito microscope ndi utoto kuti awone ngati mulibe ndalama za IgA kapena ayi. Ngati pali umboni wa IgA buildup, izi zidzalimbitsa chidziwitso cha IgA nthipropathy.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti madokotala sali ndi vuto la impso pa munthu aliyense amene ali ndi magazi ochepa kwambiri kapena mapuloteni mumkodzo.
M'malo mwake, ngati muli ndi magazi kapena mapuloteni mu mkodzo wanu, dokotala wanu akhoza kuyang'anira mkodzo wanu ndi ntchito ya impso miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kapena khumi ndi iwiri kapena zina.
Amatha kuchita chiwopsezo ngati ntchito yanu ya impso ikuyamba kuchepa (monga umboni wodalirika wa creatinine pamayesero a magazi) kapena mukuyamba kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni mumtambo wanu.
Kukhala ndi mphamvu yapamwamba ya magazi kungakhale chifukwa chomwe dokotala akuchitira matenda a impso (ngati pali magazi komanso / kapena mapuloteni mu mkodzo).
Chithandizo
Anthu omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha IgA, mpaka theka lidzakhala pang'onopang'ono (zaka zoposa makumi asanu), amatha kusokonezeka kwa impso zotsiriza (matenda otchedwa renal disease, kapena ESRD).
Malinga ndi zifukwa zingapo zokhudzana ndi matendawa a IgA, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala kuti achepetse matenda a impso anu.
Mankhwalawa amaphatikizapo mavitamini a angiotensin (ACE) inhibitors kapena angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) kuti athetse mphamvu ya magazi. Zakudya zowonjezera mafuta a nsomba zimalangizidwanso.
Dokotala wanu angathenso kuthana ndi kutupa kumene kumachitika ndi nthenda ya IgA mwa kukupatsani steroids ngati prednisone.
Ngati mukupita ku matenda a impso otsiriza, mukhoza kuchiritsidwa ndi dialysis kapena kusintha kwa impso .
Ngakhale kupatsirana kwa impso ndi njira, sichikuchiritsidwa kuti ndi chithandizo, monga nthenda yoyamba ya IgA ingathe kubwereranso mu impso zatsopano.
Mawu Ochokera
Kaya inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mwapezeka ndi matenda a IgA, matenda ena a impso, kapena mwapezeka kuti muli ndi magazi ndi / kapena mapuloteni mu mkodzo wanu, onetsetsani kuti mukutsatirani ndi dokotala monga momwe mwalangizira.
Izi zimakhala zowona makamaka ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha IgA, chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kwa madotolo kuti adziŵe yemwe ali bwino ndipo ndani amene angakhale ndi matenda a impso otsiriza.
> Zotsatira:
> Cheung CK, Barratt J. (2017). Kufotokozera zachipatala ndi matenda a IgA nthipropathy. Glassock RJ, Fervenza FC, ed. Kupititsa patsogolo, Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Chitukuko cha National Diabetes ndi Matenda a Kumimba ndi Impso. (2014). Impso Zanu ndi Mmene Zimagwirira Ntchito.
> IgA Nephropathy Foundation ya America. (nd). FAQs - Kodi IgA Nephropathy ndi chiyani?
> Wyatt RJ, Julian BA. IgA nthipropathy. N Engl J Med. 2013 Jun 20; 368 (25): 2402-14.