Kukhazikitsidwa ndi kulimbikitsa ntchito yatsopano sikochepa. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, omwe anayambitsa ntchito zachipatala anagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe iwo anali nazo-kulembera ndi kufotokozera-kupititsa patsogolo kuganiza kuti ntchito yachipatala imathandizira kuchiza.
Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa chithandizo cha ntchito lero ndi pangano la zipatso za ntchito yawo.
Kukhulupirira kwawo, kuwongolera kwawo, komanso kuchuluka kwa zolemba zawo kuli kofunika kuyang'ananso-kumvetsetsa momwe chiyambichi chikuyendera, komanso kuganizira zomwe zamakono zokhudzana ndi zaumoyo zimayenera kuti tigwire ntchito mwakhama.
Mbali za mawu otchulidwa ndi mawu ndi malingaliro tsopano akutha nthawi yeniyeni (osayenera, olumala, osweka). Chonde tenga nawo pa nthawiyo. Ndasankha mavesi otsatirawa kuti awathandize pa ntchito yothandizira.
Kuchokera mu Buku Loyamba pa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ntchito
Zofufuza M'zinthu Zosavomerezeka; Buku lothandizira anamwino ndi omvera linalembedwa ndi a Susan Tracy, namwino yemwe adaphunzitsa kufunika kwa ntchito m'chipatala. Ntchito yoyambirirayi ikufotokoza ntchito zothandizira komanso imapereka malangizo kwa anamwino.
Bukuli likumaliza ndi ndemanga yotsatira yokhudza momwe ntchito yosavuta yogwirira ntchito ingakhudze thanzi-ngati ili bwino:
Goliati wamkulu anaphedwa ndi miyala isanu yosalala ya mtsinje, koma Davide wamng'ono ankadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito; Kodi chimphona chachikulu chikhala pansi mu chipinda chathu chodwala? Kukhala kwake kudzakhala kochepa ngati taphunzira momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito miyala yathu.
Mfundo 9 za Cardinal za Occupational Therapy
1918, William Rush Dunton Jr., mmodzi mwa omwe anayambitsa ntchito yothandizira anthu, anapereka mfundo zisanu ndi zinayi izi pamsonkhano wachiwiri wa pachaka wa The National Society for the Promotion of Occupational Therapy.
1. Ntchito iliyonse imene wodwala ayenera kuchita ayenera kukhala ndi chithandizo.
2. Ziyenera kukhala zosangalatsa.
3. Ziyenera kukhala ndi cholinga china osati kungofuna kuti wodwala aziganizira ndi chidwi chake.
4. Kuyenera, makamaka, kumabweretsa chidziwitso kwa wodwalayo.
5. Zochita zothandizira ayenera makamaka kuchitidwa ndi ena, monga gulu.
6. Wotsogolera ntchito ayenera kuphunzira mosamala wodwalayo kuti adziŵe zosowa zake ndikuyesera kukumana ndi ochuluka momwe angathere kudzera mu ntchito.
7. Wopereka mankhwala ayenera kuimitsa wodwalayo kuntchito yake asanafike pang'onopang'ono.
8. Chilimbikitso chiyenera kuperekedwa moona mtima.
9. Ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito mopambanitsa, ngakhale pamene mapeto a ntchito ya wodwala ali ndi khalidwe losauka kapena lachabechabe.
Zolinga za American Occupational Therapy Association
Herbert Hall, ngakhale sanali woyambitsa, anali woyambitsa woyambirira wa ntchito yatsopanoyi. Pano pali ndemanga yowonjezera m'nyuzipepala yomwe analemba mu 1922 za zolinga za American Occupational Therapy Association:
Chiyanjano ndi bungwe lapadera, lophatikizidwa ndi apolisi akuluakulu, ndi makomiti othandizira kulimbikitsa kafukufuku, kusonkhanitsa deta ndikuyendera miyezo. Zikuoneka zomveka kunena kuti pano pali ntchito yowunikira dziko lonse, ntchito yowonjezera yaumunthu yogwira ntchito pazochitika zachuma ndi zachuma. Kulimbikitsana kwambiri, ngakhale kuyika m'makampani sizingathe kubwezeretsa abambo ndi amai omwe sanaphunzire kupyolera mwa maphunziro osamalira bedi momwe angagwiritsire ntchito matupi awo olumala. Gululi likuthandiza omwe alibe thandizo kuti adzithandize okha.
Kapepala kwa Okalamba Ogwira Ntchito Ogwira Ntchito Ogwira Ntchito
Woyambitsa wina wa chithandizo cha ntchito, Thomas Bessell Kidner, anapereka malangizo awa ku kalasi ya akatswiri opanga ntchito mu 1929:
Mu gawo lanu losankhidwa, gawo la ntchito yabwino kwambiri ya munthu-chisamaliro ndi mpumulo wa anthu ofooka ndi ovutika-mungathe kuzindikira kuwonjezerapo mtengo wa zinthu zina za uzimu zimene zimapanga moyo, koma zomwe timazitcha ndi ambiri mayina. Kukoma mtima, umunthu, ulemu, ulemu, chikhulupiliro chabwino-kuzipereka izi mulimonsemo zingakhale zoperewera zambiri kuposa imfa iliyonse.
Chikole ndi Chikhulupiriro cha Odwala Opaleshoni
Chikole ichi chinaperekedwa ndi Boston School of Occupational Therapists ndipo anavomerezedwa ndi The American Occupational Therapy Association mu 1926:
Mwaulemu ndikuwongolera mtima wanga wonse kuthandiza anthu omwe ndikuwasamalira.
Kuti izi zitheke kuti ntchito yanga kwa odwala ikhale yopambana, ndiyesetse kuti ndidziwe zambiri, luso, ndi kumvetsetsa ndikukwaniritsa ntchito zanga kulikonse komwe ndingapezeke.
Ndikulengeza molimba mtima kuti ndidzagwira ndikusunga chilichonse chimene ndingaphunzire za miyoyo ya odwala.
Ndikuvomereza ulemu wa matenda ndi matenda otetezeka aumunthu, omwe palibe chochita kapena chonyansa.
Ndidzayenda mokhulupirika ndikukhala omvera kwa omwe ndiwatsogoleredwa ndi ine ndikugwira ntchito, ndikupempha kuleza mtima, ubwino ndi mphamvu mu utumiki wopatulika kwa maganizo ndi matupi osweka.
Zolemba
Hall, H. J (1922). Association of American Occupational Therapy Association. Archives of Occupational Therapy, 1, 163-165.
Kidner, TB (1929a). Adilesi kwa ophunzira. Mankhwala Ogwira Ntchito ndi Kukonzanso, 8, 379-385