Dziwani Zimene Malamulo Amateteza ndi Zimene Samazichita
Ndasowa ntchito zambiri chifukwa cha fibromyalgia ndi matenda otopa . Kodi ndingathamangitsidwe chifukwa ndikusowa masiku ambiri ngakhale bwana wanga akudziwa kuti ndikudwaladwala?
Ku US, muli ndi malamulo angapo omwe amateteza kuti mukhalebe ogwira ntchito mosasamala kanthu za matenda aakulu. Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA) ndi Achimereka Olemala malamulo (ADA) ndi malamulo a federal, choncho amagwiritsa ntchito kudera lonselo.
Malamulo amtundu wina aliyense angagwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso. Muyeneranso kudziwa zomwe, ngati zilipo, ndondomeko yomwe abwana anu ali nayo panthawi yowonjezera yowonjezera komanso kulangidwa.
The FMLA
Ngakhale kuti ndilamulo la federal, FMLA imangotenga makampani ena okha. Inu ndi malo anu antchito mukukambidwa ngati zonse zitatuzi zikukhutira:
- Munagwira ntchito kwa zaka zingapo
- Mwaika maola oposa 1,250 chaka chatha
- Wobwana wanu ali ndi antchito 50 kapena oposa m'makilomita 75
Kuwonjezera pa masamba osakhalapo nthawi yaitali, monga kuchoka kwa amayi otha msinkhu, a FMLA amakulolani kutenga zomwe zimatchedwa nthawi yapakatikati ya vuto lalikulu la thanzi. Ndizo zomwe masiku anu odwala amatha kugwa pansi, malinga ngati akugwirizana ndi matenda anu aakulu.
Kodi vuto lanu la thanzi limanenedwa kuti ndi "lalikulu"? Pogwiritsa ntchito mimba, chipatala, kapena zinthu zomwe zimafuna kuti azisamalire nthawi yaitali, Dipatimenti ya Ntchito imaona kuti matenda aakulu ndi aakulu omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asakhale ndi vuto.
Wobwana wanu akufunika kukulolani kwa masabata khumi ndi awiri pachaka pa chaka, zomwe zimakhala pa masiku asanu osaphonya pamwezi. Komabe, kampani siyikufunika kuti ikulipireni pazinthu izi (kupatulapo nthawi yomwe mukudwala.) Masabata khumi ndi awiriwo ndilo ulendo wanu wonse, osati nthawi yochepa chabe, choncho ngati mutatenga ma sabata asanu ndi atatu otha msinkhu, Masabata 4 (masiku 20 apakatikati) kwa chaka chonse.
Kuti muyenerere kupita kwapakatikati, muyenera kupereka chithandizo chachipatala cha matenda anu. Inu simungakhoze kulangidwa mwa njira iliyonse kuti mutenge kupita pansi pa FMLA.
Izi sizikutanthawuza kuti, kupitirizabe kuchoka nthawi zonse sikungakhudze ntchito yanu. Ngati bwana wanu akuganiza kuti masiku omwe mumaphonyoza amachititsa kuti mutha kugwira ntchito yanu, mukhoza kusamutsidwa ku ntchito yofanana - yomwe ili ndi malipiro omwewo komanso omwe mumapindula monga momwe mulili panopa komanso osakondweretsa - ngati zingatheke . N'zotheka kuti kampaniyo isakhale ndi ntchito yoyenera kwa munthu amene akusowa ntchito zambiri, ndipo izi zingakulepheretseni ntchito.
Mukachoka pa FMLA, mutha kulangizidwa kapena kuthamangitsidwa poyitana odwala ngati simukuyenera kukhala olemala pansi pa ADA (kupatula ngati malamulo a boma kapena ndondomeko za abwana amapereka zowonjezera zina).
ADA
Tanthauzo lovomerezeka la "olemala," kuti cholinga cha ADA, chikhale ndi thupi kapena maganizo omwe amalepheretsa kwambiri ntchito yambiri ya moyo (mwachitsanzo, kuyenda, kulankhula, kuphunzira).
Boma lirilonse lomwe liri ndi antchito oposa 15 liyenera kutsata zomwe ADA akuyenera kuti azikhala mokwanira kwa antchito olumala, malinga ngati mutha kuchita ntchito zofunika pa ntchitoyo.
Mwachitsanzo, pamene ndinali ku koleji, ndinagwira ntchito monga woyang'anira. Ndondomeko yodyera ija inati ndimayenera kunyamula chirichonse pamanja m'malo pa thireyi. Pamene ndinayamba matenda a carpal mumtunda ndipo sindinkagwiranso zinthu zambiri m'dzanja limodzi, bwana wanga anali ndi trays zazing'ono kwa ine. Ndinalinso ndi mapulogalamu owonjezera kotero kuti ndipume ndikutambasula manja ndikusintha kusintha kotero sindinagwire ntchito kumbuyo. Malo ogona anagwira ntchito. Ngati iwo sakanatero, ine ndikanakhoza kuloledwa kupita.
Kwa fibromyalgia ndi matenda otopa matenda, malo oyenera angakhale ndi zinthu monga kulemba malemba m'malo momveka mawu (chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa chidziwitso,) malo ogwira ntchito omwe amaimirira kapena akusuntha malo ogwira ntchito.
Kukulolani nthawi yoyenera yodwala ndi gawo loyenera, koma mfundo yomwe mungathebe kugwira ntchitoyi.
Lamulo Ladziko
Dziko lanu likhoza kukhala ndi malamulo omwe angakutetezeni kwambiri ku zilango zokhudzana ndi kulemala. Job Accommodation Network yakhala ikulembetsa maofesi a boma omwe amatsatira malamulo awa. Ndi tsamba labwino kuti muike chizindikiro ngati mutayang'anapo kuti mudziwe zambiri:
- Maofesi a Zogwira Ntchito Zogwirira Ntchito
Ndondomeko za ogwira ntchito
Onetsetsani kuti mukudziwa ndondomeko zomwe abwana anu ali nazo ponena za ulendo wodwala, makamaka ngati kampaniyo siilimbikitsidwa ndi FMLA ndi ADA.
Ngati malo ogwira ntchito alibe buku la antchito kapena ndondomeko yolembera, mungafune kupempha chinachake mwa kulemba.
Zina Zowonjezera
Nazi zambiri pa FMLA ndi ADA:
- Kuchokera Kwachipatala kwa Banja
- Chikhalidwe cha Amereka Achimereka