Momwe Ikugwirira Ntchito ndi Mitundu Yomwe Ilipo
Insulini yochita mofulumira ndiyomwe mankhwala ake amasinthidwa kotero kuti insulini imalowa mwamsanga m'magazi. Kusintha kwa mankhwala a insulini sikukhudza mphamvu yake yochepetsera shuga (shuga) koma imakhudza mlingo umene insulini imatulutsa. Kuthamanga mofulumira kwa insulini kumalowerera m'magazi mkati mwa mphindi zingapo ndipo kuli ndi ubwino wambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi shuga.
Ndani Akufunikira Kuthamanga Kachilombo Mofulumira?
Anthu onse okhala ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 1 ndi anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 2 ayenera kutenga insulini kuti athetse shuga.
Mu mtundu wa shuga 1, ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kansalu sikhala ndi insulini. Mu mtundu wa shuga 2, shuga zimapanga insulini, koma matupi awo sachitanso kanthu, nthawi zina amapanga jekeseni wa insulini yofunikira.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wa 1 ayenera kutenga zonse zotchedwa basal ndi bolus insulini. Kutsegula kwa insulini kumayambitsa matenda a insulin omwe amapezeka ndi mphukira ndipo amakhalapo maola 24 pa tsiku, kaya munthuyo amadya kapena ayi. Insulini ya Bolus imatanthawuza insulini yowonjezera kuti ziphuphu zikhoza kupanga moyenera chifukwa cha shuga yomwe imatengedwa kudzera mu chakudya. Kuchuluka kwa bolus insulini yopangidwa kumadalira kukula kwa chakudya. Kuchita mofulumira kwa insulini ndi mtundu wa bolus insulini.
Mitundu Yofulumira-Kutenga Insulini
Panopa pali insulin itatu yofulumira kapena yofulumira.
Choyamba chimatchulidwa kuti lispro koma chimagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina lakuti Humalog ndipo chimapangidwa ndi Eli Lilly. Mankhwalawa ndi akale kwambiri mwa insulin yowonongeka mofulumira ndipo wakhala akupezeka malonda kuchokera mu 1966.
Insulini yachiwiri yogwira mofulumira inavomerezedwa ndi US Food and Drug Administration mu 2000.
Insulini imanyamula dzina la aspart koma limagulitsidwa pansi pa dzina la NovoLog ndipo limapangidwa ndi Novo Nordisk.
Koma kachilombo kachitatu kamene kanatulutsa mofulumira kwambiri m'chaka cha 2006. Chinatchedwa insulin glulisine ndipo chimadziwika ndi dzina lake Apidra . Zimagulitsidwa ndi Sanofi-Aventis.
Mu 2015, mtundu wina wa insulin wothamanga mofulumira unayamba kupezeka ku US Ndi insulini yosakanizidwa ndi dzina lakuti Afrezza.
Kuthamanga Kwambiri Komwe Akupanga Shuga
Mavitamini onsewa omwe amagwira ntchito mofulumizitsa mwachangu amalowa m'magazi ndikuyamba kugwira ntchito mkati mwa mphindi 15. Insulini iliyonse imatha kufika pafupifupi pafupifupi ora limodzi ndipo ikupitiriza kuchepetsa shuga wa magazi kwa maola asanu. Kutenga magazi mofulumira kwa insulini kumaloleza munthu kuti ayambe kugwiritsira ntchito insulini yofulumira kwambiri asanayambe kudya kuti "aphimba" kuwonjezeka kwa shuga wa magazi komwe kumachitika pamene chakudya chidyedwa. Nthenda yapamwamba ya ola limodzi ikufanana ndi nthawi imene shuga imakhala ikukuta, kupangitsa kuti shuga ya magazi iwonjezeke.
Kuyambira, Chiwerengero, ndi Kutalika mu Zitatu Zomwe Zikuyenda Mwamsanga
Pano pali kusiyana komwe kumayambira, msinkhu, ndi kutalika pakati pa mitundu iyi ya insulin yogwira mofulumira :
Dzina lajambula: Novolog (dzina lachibadwa: aspart):
- Kuyambira: Mphindi 5-15
- Chinthu chachikulu: maola 1-3
- Nthawi yake: maola 3-5
Dzina lajambula: Apidra (dzina lachilendo: glulisine):
- Kuyambira: Mphindi 5-15
- Chinthu chachikulu: Mphindi 30-Mphindi 90
- Nthawi yake: maola 3-5
Dzina lajambula: Humalog (dzina lachibadwa: lispro):
- Kuyambira: Mphindi 5-15
- Chinthu chachikulu: Mphindi 30-Mphindi 90
- Nthawi yake: maola 3-5
Kutulutsa Insulini Mwamsanga M'mapampu
Kuthamanga mofulumira kwa insulini kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa insumini pamapu kuti apereke insulini yopitirira koma yochepa. Kutuluka kwa insulini kumatchulidwa kuti insalin yomwe imakhalapo nthawi zonse ndipo imakhala yofunika kuti musamakhale ndi shuga wamagazi pakati pa chakudya komanso nthawi yogona. Zowonjezera mayunitsi a insulin yogwira mofulumira amaperekedwa pa nthawi ya chakudya (yotchedwa bolus insulin) kuti athetse kuuluka kwa shuga kuchokera ku chakudya chimene mukudya.
Zotsatira:
Insulini. Association of American Diabetes Association. "Buku la Ogulitsa a 2011." Matenda a shuga, January 2011, Vol, 64, No. 1.
Hieronymus, LMSEd., APRN, BC-ADM, CDE, Geil, PMS, RD, CDE "Mitundu ya Insulini." Kuteteza kwa Shuga, 2009.