Zakudya Zochepa za FODMAP Zingachepetse Zizindikiro M'mabvuto Ena
Ngakhale pali zakudya zambiri zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana (IBD) , palibe njira yochuluka yofufuza yomwe ingatsimikizire kapena yosatsutsika kuti zamoyo izi zitha kuthandiza IBD.
Zakudya zochepa za FODMAP zakhala zikudziwika kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kugaya, makamaka kwa matenda opweteka a m'mimba (IBS) .
FODMAP imayimira Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, ndi Polyols, komanso mu zakudya zochepa za FODMAP, zakudya zomwe zili ndi zinthu (zomwe ndi mitundu ya chakudya ndi shuga) ndizochepa.
Nkhaniyi idzawona zakudya zochepa za FODMAP komanso momwe zasonyezera kuti zimakhudza IBD.
Zakudya ndi IBD: Njovu M'chipinda
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana monga IBD, zakudya ndi funso lalikulu lotseguka . Zakale, palibe umboni wochuluka, kapena umboni, wokhudzana ndi momwe anthu omwe ali ndi IBD angadye kuti azidyetsa bwino matupi awo kupyolera mu chisokonezo kapena ngakhale kukhululukira .
Pali nkhani zosawerengeka ngakhale zilizonse: anthu omwe ayesa njira yodya yomwe yawagwirira ntchito. Mwatsoka, izi kawirikawiri zimakhala chifukwa cha kuyesedwa ndi zolakwika ndipo zakudya zina ndizochepa kwambiri moti sangakhale ndi zofunikira zowonjezera. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi IBD amafunika kudya ndipo amalankhula za momwe matendawa amawopsya, komanso kusowa zakudya zowonjezera, kuti odwala ayesetse kudya zakudya zolimbitsa thupi.
Mwamwayi, tsopano zakudya zikukhala zofunikira kwambiri pa kafukufuku, ndipo monga asayansi akuphunzira zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi IBD adzatha kupeza njira zabwino zodyera zakudya. Chakudya chotere chomwe chimachititsa chidwi ndi chakudya chochepa cha FODMAP.
Kodi FODMAP ndi chiyani?
Ma FODMAP sali abwino kwenikweni : sikuti munthu angayang'ane chakudya ndikudziwa ngati ali otsika kapena apamwamba mu FODMAPs.
Ndicho chifukwa chake zakudya zimayesedwa pazinthu zawo za FODMAP ndipo palibe mndandanda wamndandanda umene zakudya zikhoza kuyang'anitsitsa.
Komabe, kudziwa zigawo za FODMAP zikhoza kukhala zothandiza kwa omwe akugwiritsa ntchito zakudyazi. Mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti zigawo zina za zakudya zimakhala zowawa kwambiri komanso kuti anthu ena amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa zoberekera zakudya ngati zakudyazi ndizochepa.
F Stands for Fermentable. Kupanga nayonso mphamvu ndi pamene chakudya chimasweka ndi yisiti, mabakiteriya, kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Izi zikachitika m'matumbo, pali mankhwala, kuphatikizapo mafuta ochepa omwe amachotsa mavitamini ndi mpweya.
O Kumayambiriro kwa Oligosaccharides. Oligosaccharides ndiwo chakudya chomwe chimapangidwa ndi pakati pa 3 ndi 10 shuga ophatikizana ophatikizana pamodzi. Ma oligosaccharide ena sangathe kupukutidwa m'matumbo a anthu chifukwa thupi silinapangitse ma enzyme yoyenera (alpha-galactosidase) kuti imire.
D Kumayambiriro kwa Disaccharides. Munthu wosayanjanitsika ndi mtundu wa shuga umene ulidi mitundu iwiri ya shuga yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi chomwe chimatchedwa kugwirizana kwa glycosidic. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amathanso kupukutidwa mothandizidwa ndi michere mu thupi la munthu, koma palinso anthu omwe sangathe kupanga zina mwa mavitaminiwa.
M Stands for Monosaccharides . Monosaccharide ndi shuga imodzi (ndiyo pamene "mono" imalowa mkati) yomwe siingakhoze kuphwasulidwa mu zigawo zing'onozing'ono. Panthawi ya chimbudzi, chakudya chimagwidwa mu monosaccharides, zomwe zimatengedwa ndi matumbo aang'ono.
P Stands for Polyols. Ma polyols ndi shuga omwe amapezeka mu zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Palinso polyols zopangidwa ndi anthu, monga sweeteners zopangira monga sorbitol ndi xylitol. Mitundu ina ya polyols siidakonzedwe kwathunthu, ndi chifukwa chake imachepetsa m'makilogalamu, chifukwa imadutsa m'thupi.
Kodi Zakudya Zochepa za FODMAP Zingakuthandizeni IBD?
Pakalipano palibe mgwirizano pa momwe chakudya chochepa cha FODMAP chingathandizire anthu omwe ali ndi IBD.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya izi, komabe, chifukwa IBD si matenda amodzi koma matenda angapo omwe ali ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana. Zimadziwika kuti kuchepetsa FODMAPs sikungathandize ndi kutupa koyambitsa IBD. Komabe, anthu ena omwe ali ndi IBD ali ndi zizindikiro ngakhale atakhala ndi kutupa (ndipo mwina akukhala ndi mawonekedwe a kukhululukidwa).
Zakudya zochepa za FODMAP zimayang'ana kwambiri kuchitira IBS. Chifukwa anthu omwe ali ndi IBD akhoza kukhala ndi IBS , ndizotheka kuti chakudya chochepa cha FODMAP chingathandize omwe ali ndi IBD omwe ali ndi, kapena akuganiza kuti ali ndi IBS.
Pali phunziro limodzi laling'ono lomwe limasonyeza kuti FODMAP yotsikayo inathandiza anthu omwe ali ndi IBD omwe amatchedwa "zizindikiro zogwirira ntchito," zomwe zimaphatikizapo zizindikiro za IBS monga gasi, bloating, ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Odwala mu phunziroli ankaonedwa kuti ndi "okhazikika" pa IBD yawo, koma ochita kafukufuku sanachitepo kanthu kuti aone ngati pali kutupa kwa IBD kapena mavuto ena a IBD omwe akuchitika panthawi yophunzira. Mwanjira iyi, zotsatira zake ndizochepa, koma ndi sitepe yoyamba kumvetsetsa ngati FODMAP yochepa ingathandize anthu omwe ali ndi IBD omwe angakhalenso ndi vuto la kugaya.
Phunziro lina linayang'ana momwe chakudya chochepa cha FODMAP chingathandizire ndi zizindikiro za anthu omwe ali ndi j-pouch (IPAA kapena laal pouch-anal anastomosis) opaleshoni. Chimene iwo apeza ndi chakuti anthu okhala ndi j-poch anali ndi chizoloŵezi chokhala ndi makhabohydrate malabsorption. Mu phunziro laling'ono kwambiri, odwala omwe analibe pouchitis (omwe ali kutupa mu thumba) anali ndi zidole zochepa pamene FODMAP zachepetsedwa.
Zakudya Zidali Zochepa Low FODMAP
Chifukwa FODMAP si chinthu chomwe chingakhoze kuwonedwa pakuyang'ana chakudya, kukhala ndi mndandanda wa zakudya zikhonza kuthandiza aliyense amene akuyesera zakudya zochepa za FODMAP. M'munsimu muli mndandanda wazinthu zomwe zingathandize kumvetsa zakudya zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi zakudya izi:
- Zipatso: Nthosa, mabala a blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, malalanje, chinanazi, mphesa, cantaloupe, uchi
- Zamasamba: phwetekere, letesi, kale, sipinachi, nkhaka, kaloti, nyemba zobiriwira, belu tsabola, zukini, sikwashi, biringanya
- Mbewu ndi zowonjezera: Mpunga; Kinoya; mbatata; oats; chimanga cha chimanga; Zakudya zopanda thanzi, pasta, crackers, cookies, ndi tirigu
- Mkaka: Mkaka wopanda la Lactose, yogurt, kanyumba tchizi, ayisikilimu; zovuta kapena zokalamba zakuda; bata; kirimu
- Mapuloteni: nkhuku, nsomba, nkhuku, ng'ombe, nkhumba, mazira, tofu olimba, kapeni kapena amondi mafuta, mbewu, mtedza, mapewa, magawo ang'onoang'ono a nkhuku zam'chitini ndi mphodza
Zakudya Zidzakhala Zopamwamba FODMAP
Zakudya zonse zapamwamba za FODMAP sizili zofanana: ena adzakhala ndi mapiri apamwamba kuposa ena. Kugwira ntchito ndi munthu wodya zakudya kungathandize pophatikizapo zakudya zamtundu wapamwamba za FODMAP mu zakudya. Anthu ena akhoza kulekerera zakudya zapamwamba za FODMAP pang'onopang'ono pamene ena sangatero. Kawirikawiri, zakudya zina zapamwamba za FODMAP zikuphatikizapo:
- Zipatso: Maapulo, makoswe, mapeyala, mapichesi, mavwende
- Mbewu: Tirigu, rye, balere
- Lactose: Mkaka, ayisikilimu, yogurt
- Zosamba zamaluwa: Soy, mpunga, oat
- Zomera: nyemba zophika, soya, nyemba zakuda
- Odyetsa: Agave, honey, high fruit fructose chimanga
- Zamasamba: Katsitsumzukwa, kolifulawa, adyo, anyezi, nandolo
Kodi Low FODMAP Yovomerezeka Kwambiri kwa IBD?
IBD imakhudza chimbudzi ndipo anthu ena omwe ali ndi IBD samapeza zakudya zokwanira, mwina chifukwa cholephera kudya zakudya zowonjezera zakudya kapena chifukwa cha m'matumbo ang'onoang'ono samadya mavitamini ndi mchere monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira.
Chodetsa nkhaŵa ndi chakuti chakudya chochepa cha FODMAP chingadye zakudya zosiyanasiyana ndikuwomba mphepo kukhala zolemetsa kwambiri, zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto ena owonjezera. Kafukufuku wina anasonyeza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi IBD akhoza kale kudya FODMAP yochepa. Pankhaniyi, ochita kafukufukuwa amalimbikitsa kuti azigwira ntchito ndi odyetserako njira yabwino kwambiri yowonjezeramo zakudya zochepa za FODMAP ndikupezabe mavitamini ndi mchere. Kuwonjezera apo, zakudya zochepa za FODMAP sizitanthauza kukhala zakudya za nthawi yayitali, koma m'malo mwake ndi gawo la dongosolo lonse la zakudya.
Kulandira zakudya zochepa za FODMAP sizowonongeka ndi mayesero, ngakhale zili choncho. Munthu aliyense adzakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya FODMAP yomwe idzalekerera tsiku ndi tsiku. Izi ziyenera kuphatikizidwa ndi moyo ndi kulawa: sizili bwino kukhala ndi chakudya chochepa cha FODMAP chomwe chili ndi zakudya zomwe sizikukondedwa, sichipezeka mosavuta, kapena zimakhala zovuta kukonzekera ndi kuphika. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti m'maphunziro otsika kwambiri a FODMAP, ophunzira sanapeze chakudya chovuta kutsatira kapena choletsa, zomwe mwina chifukwa cha zakudya zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimawerengedwa ngati zochepa za FODMAP.
Mawu Ochokera
Sitikudziŵa zambiri za momwe chakudya chochepa cha FODMAP chimathandizira anthu omwe ali ndi IBD. Pakhala pali maphunziro ena, koma sanakhale aakulu kapena okwanira kuti apange zisankho zilizonse pano.
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi IBD omwe akuchita bwino pogwiritsira ntchito kutupa kapena zizindikiro zina za IBD koma adakali ndi zizindikiro, zakudya zochepa za FODMAP zingakhale zothandiza. Zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro za IBS zomwe zikuchitika pamene IBD ikulamulidwa.
Pali zambiri zopezeka pa intaneti zothandizira kupeza zakudya zochepa za FODMAP zomwe zingagwirizane ndi ndondomeko yokondweretsa zakudya za IBD. Komabe, ndikofunika kuti wodyetsa zakudya azifunsidwa popanga zakudya zoyenera.
> Zotsatira:
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> Croagh, C, Shepherd SJ, Berryman M, Muir JG, Gibson PR. "Phunziro la oyendetsa potsatira zotsatira za kuchepetsa zakudya za FODMAP zomwe zimadya pamatenda omwe akudwala popanda odwala." Inflamm Bowel Dis . 2007; 13: 1522-1528.
> Gearry RB, Irving PM, Barrett JS, et al. "Kuchepetsa zakudya zamakono zopanda zakudya (FODMAPs) zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro za m'mimba zikhale ndi odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opweteka kwambiri." J Crohns Colitis 2009; 3: 8-14.
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