Immunohistochemistry (IHC) ndi mayesero apadera ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi odwala kuti apeze maselo enaake pa maselo.
Pamene minofu yonyamulira ngati mankhwala a lymph node biopsy yaperekedwa ku labu kuti ifufuzidwe ndi matenda, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe sitingadziwe mosavuta.
Matenda angapo kapena matenda osiyana siyana angayang'ane mofanana kapena amawoneka kuti ali ndi maselo ofanana omwe ali ndi microscope koma ali ndi makhalidwe osiyana ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana.
Njira imodzi yowasiyanitsira ndikutulukira mamolekyu enieni pa maselo omwe amakhala ngati zizindikiro.
Immunohistochemistry ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito ma antibodies - maselo othamanga-omwe angathe kufufuza, kuzindikira ndi kudziphatika okhawo pamakina. Ma antibodies enieniwo apangidwa kugwira ntchito ndi malemba omwe angathe kuwoneka kapena kuwoneka pansi pa microscope, monga madontho a fulorosenti, omwe amathandiza kupanga chizindikiro chodziwikiratu.
IHC yapeza ntchito zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala, makamaka matenda a khansa. Mafupa amodzi ndi ena mwa khansa yodalirika kwambiri ndi HC kuti apeze njira zoyenera zothandizira odwala matenda.
Zambiri pa Immunohistochemistry
Ziwalo zina za matenda zingaoneke mosavuta mwa kuphunzira maselo pawokha ndi maonekedwe awo, kuphatikizapo maonekedwe a puloteni, mapuloteni ena a maselo, ndi mawonekedwe a "cell anatomy" a selo, yomwe imatchedwa cell's morphology. Zochitika zina za matenda zimangowonekera kwa owonetsetsa pokhapokha ngati maselo okayikira amawonekera pambali ya maselo onse ".
Mbali zina zimafuna kusanthula mtundu wa maselo-mwa kuyankhula kwina, madokotala amafunika kudziwa za mitundu yeniyeni ya majini-maonekedwe a majini ena m'kati mwa mapulotini, kapena zizindikiro zomwe zingapezeke ndi ma antibodies.
Nthaŵi zina immunohistochemistry ndi yothandiza osati kuzindikira mtundu winawake wa lymphoma komanso kuthandiza kuwongolera, chifukwa cha zizindikiro zomwe zimakhudza khalidwe lopitirira mofulumira ndi mtundu waukali kwambiri.
IHC ya mafilimu
Mafupa amtunduwu amatchedwa malignancies a lymphocytes omwe aima pa magawo osiyanasiyana a chitukuko kapena kusiyana, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito IHC ndi ma antibodies osiyanasiyana mu "panel" kumathandiza kuzindikira mzere weniweni ndi chitukuko cha lymphoma.
Gulu la ma antibodies osiyanasiyana limagwiritsidwa ntchito poona kuti pali zizindikiro ziti pa lymphocytes. Zizindikirozi zimayamba ndi makalata a CD. Mwachitsanzo, mawonekedwe a B-cell (CD20 ndi CD79a), zizindikiro za CD (CD3 ndi CD5), ndi zizindikiro zina monga CD23, bcl-2, CD10, cyclinD1, CD15, CD30, ALK-1, CD138 angagwiritsidwe ntchito mitundu yambiri ya khansa ya magazi kapena mahematologic malignancies.
Taganizirani za follicular lymphoma (FL) mozama kwambiri monga chitsanzo cha zinthu zina zomwe zingachitike ndi IHC. FL ndi kachiwiri kaŵirikaŵiri ka mtundu wosakhala wa Hodgkin's lymphoma, womwe ndi waukulu kwambiri B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). FL ndi chitsanzo cha zomwe zimatchedwa indolent lymphoma, kutanthauza kuti ndi khansara yomwe imadziwika ndi kukula kochepa komanso nthawi yaitali yopulumuka, ngakhale popanda mankhwala. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira matenda a FL, koma matendawa angathe kukhala osagwirizana ndi munthu aliyense.
Pali ndondomeko zamalangizo, monga International Prognostic Index, makamaka, Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index (FLIPI) yomwe ingathandize kupereka chithunzi cha mtundu wa FL womwe mukuchita nawo, ndi momwe ungachitire.
Panthaŵi ina, kuyeza kwa IHC ndi "microenvironment" kunaphunziridwa kuti awone ngati zofukufukuzo zingagwirizane ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zachipatala, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa 2006 wolembedwa mu "Journal of Clinical Oncology."
Zotsatira:
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Lee HJ, Thompson J, Wang ES, ndi al. Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic khansa ya m'magazi: Chithandizo chamakono komanso zam'tsogolo. Khansa . 2011; 117 (8) 1583-1594.
Somoza AD, Aly FZ. Kugwiritsa ntchito mayesero a maselo m'magetsi. CytoJournal . 2014; 11: 5
Alvaro T, Lejeune M, Salvadó MT, et al. Mankhwala a immunohistochemical a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala ndi khalidwe lachipatala muzilonda za follicular. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24 (34): 5350-7.
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