Nthawi zambiri makolo amakayikira kuti ali ndi poizoni wa chakudya nthawi iliyonse pamene ana awo akutsekula m'mimba ndi kusanza.
Mwamwayi, poizoni wa zakudya sizimapezeka nthawi zambiri, chifukwa nthawi zambiri matenda otsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza ana amayamba chifukwa cha matenda omwe ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe ana amapita kusukulu kapena kusukulu.
Komabe, poizoni wa zakudya ndi wamba, monga CDC ikuyesa kuti pali pafupifupi 76 million milandu ya poizoni ya zakudya ku United States chaka chilichonse.
Ngakhale kuti ambiri mwa anthuwa ndi ofatsa, pafupifupi anthu 325,000 omwe ali ndi poizoni ali m'zipatala ndipo 5,000 amafa chaka chilichonse.
Popeza ana aang'ono ndi amodzi mwa magulu omwe ali pachiopsezo chotenga matenda owopsa komanso oopsa omwe amawopseza chakudya, nkofunika kuti makolo adziwe momwe angawazindikire ndi kuwaletsa kuti asachitike.
Zizindikiro za Poizoni Zakudya
Zakudya za poizoni zimatha kusiyana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa iwo, koma nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, kunyowa, ndi kupweteka m'mimba.
Zizindikiro zina, monga ngati wina ali ndi matenda a E. coli O157, amatha kutsegula m'mimba, komanso mavuto monga hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) kapena malungo pamene ali ndi salmonella (Salmonella).
Zoizoni, monga botulism, zingayambitse matenda oopsa a neurotoxic, kuphatikizapo masomphenya awiri, ndi vuto kumeza, kuyankhula, ndi kupuma.
Malingana ndi chifukwa chake, zizindikiro za poizoni wa zakudya zingachitike maola angapo kapena masiku angapo mutadya chakudya chodetsedwa.
Kusanthula Poizoni Zakudya
Kupha poizoni nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kudziwa chifukwa zingayambitsidwe ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo mavairasi, mabakiteriya, majeremusi, ndi poizoni, monga:
- Campylobacter
- Salmonella
- E. coli O157
- Mavairasi otchedwa Norwalk
- Shigella
- Hepatitis A
- Giardia lamblia
- Cryptosporidia
- Clostridium botulinum , yomwe imayambitsa poizoni ya botulinum yomwe imayambitsa botulism
- Listeria
- Staphylococcus aureus , yomwe imapanga stothylococcal enterotoxin
- Vibrio vulnificus
Kuphatikiza pa kufunafuna zizindikiro, monga aliyense m'banja adadwala patangopita maola angapo atadya kudyako komweko, zikhalidwe zazing'ono zingathandize nthawi zina kudziwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa zizindikiro za poizoni. Mayesero ogwira ntchito nthawi zina amatha kudziwa za poizoni wa bakiteriya ndi mavairasi.
N'zosadabwitsa kuti anthu ambiri ali ndi poizoni wa chakudya ndipo samadziwa.
Matenda a Poizoni Zakudya
Monga kusanza ndi kutsegula m'mimba kuchokera kumimba ya m'mimba, mankhwala ophera poizoni amawopsezedwa kuti athetse kutaya madzi.
Mankhwala opha tizilombo nthawi zambiri sakhala oyenera kapena othandizira maulendo ambiri a poizoni, ngakhale kuti ali ndi matenda akuluakulu, monga shigellosis (matenda a Shigella), komanso poizoni wa zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, ndizofunikira. Onani katswiri wa ana anu ngati mukuganiza kuti mwana wanu ali ndi poizoni wa chakudya, makamaka ngati ali ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba, kutentha kwa thupi, zizindikiro za kuchepa madzi, kapena ngati sakufulumira yekha.
Kuteteza Poizoni Chakudya
Popeza kuti poizoni wa zakudya nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira ndi mankhwala ochepa omwe alipo, ndibwino kuyesa ndikupewa poizoni wa chakudya poyamba.
Malangizo a chitetezo cha chakudya angakuthandizeni kuti ana anu akhale ndi thanzi komanso chakudya chawo chitetezeke:
- Sambani manja anu bwino musanayambe kukonzekera ndikusamalira chakudya cha mwana wanu.
- Sakani zakudya zonse musanayambe kuzidyetsa ana anu, makamaka nyama, nkhuku, ndi mazira.
- Zakudya zosiyana ndi ziwiya pamene mukukonzekera, kutumikira, ndi kusunga chakudya cha mwana wanu, kotero kuti asadetsedwe ndi majeremusi kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake, ndi ziwiya zoyera ndi malo otentha ndi madzi otentha ndi sopo.
- Chotsani chakudya chotsala mwamsanga komanso mwa maola ochepa ophika kapena kutumikira, onetsetsani kuti firiji yanu ikhale yosapitirira madigiri 40 F ndifiriji yanu ku F 0 F kapena pansi.
- Sambani zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba musanatumikire kwa mwana wanu.
- Pewani mkaka wosasamalidwa ( mkaka wofiira ) ndi timadziti.
- Werengani za kukumbukira kwa FDA ndi machenjezo kuti mupeze chakudya chodetsedwa chomwe mungakhale nacho m'nyumba mwanu.
- Kutaya zakudya zomwe mukuganiza kuti zakhudzidwa kapena zatha tsiku lawo lomaliza, ngakhale kuti sizili zofumba ndipo sizikhala ndi fungo popeza simungadziwe nthawi iliyonse chakudya chitadetsedwa.
Zimene Mukuyenera Kudziwa
- Pafupifupi chakudya chilichonse chingadetsedwe komanso chimayambitsa poizoni, koma zakudya zina zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri, kuphatikizapo mkaka wosasakanizidwa ndi zakudya zina za mkaka, nyama ndi nkhuku zomwe sizikudya, nkhuku zofiira, saladi, saladi, ndi saladi. nkhuku saladi.
- Zakudya zimadetsedwa ndipo zimayambitsa poizoni m'ntchito zambiri, kuphatikizapo atakula ndi madzi oipitsidwa, osakonzedwa molakwika kapena zamzitini, osaphika, owonongeka kwambiri pa nthawi yokonzekera, kapena pamene wina wodwala akukonzekera chakudya popanda kusamba m'manja.
- Simungathe kunena ngati chakudya chiri "choipa" kapena kuti mwana wanu akudwala ndi fungo lake kapena mtundu wake. Zakudya zambiri zonyansa zimawoneka ndi kununkhiza bwino.
- Uchi ukhoza kukhala gwero la spostridium botulinum spores zomwe zimayambitsa botulism, ndicho chifukwa chake simuyenera kupereka uchi kwa ana osakwana miyezi khumi ndi iwiri.
Zotsatira:
CDC Division ya Bacterial ndi Mycotic Matenda. Matenda Odyera Zakudya.
Kutalika: Mfundo ndi Zochita za Matenda Opatsirana Odwala, 2 ed.
Gershon: Krugman's Infectious Diseases of Children, 11th.