Dysarthria ndi vuto loyankhula chifukwa cha mavuto omwe amayendetsa minofu yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula. Anarthria ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa dysarthria, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti alephera kufotokoza momveka bwino.
Zifukwa za Dysarthria
Dysarthria komanso mawonekedwe oopsa kwambiri, amayamba chifukwa cha ubongo. Zikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zilipo pa kubadwa, monga cerebral palsy kapena muscular dystrophy.
Pamene dysarthria imachokera ku kubadwa, izi zikutanthauza kuti munthu sanathe kukhala ndi luso lomveka kulankhula. Dysarthria ndi anarthria zingakhalenso chifukwa cha matenda a ubongo monga multiple sclerosis ndi stroke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asalankhule bwino pambuyo poti munthu adatha kale kulankhula bwinobwino.
Zinthu zotsatirazi zingayambitse dysarthria kapena anarthria:
- Sitiroko
- Kuvulala kwa ubongo koopsa
- Matenda a ubongo
- Matenda a Parkinson
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ), kapena matenda a Lou Gehrig
- Matenda a Huntington
- Multiple sclerosis
- Myasthenia gravis
- Mliri wa Bell
- Matenda a Wilson
- Matenda a Guillain-Barre
- Matenda a Lyme
- Mankhwala- Mankhwala ena, monga mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena osokoneza bongo, angayambitsenso dysarthria. Kawirikawiri, mtundu uwu wa dysarthria umatha pambuyo poti mankhwala amatha.
Zizindikiro za Dysarthria
Ngati muli ndi dysarthria, mumakhala ndi mawu omwe amadziwika ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo izi:
- Kulankhula kochepa
- Kulumikiza khalidwe loyankhula lomwe ndi lovuta kumvetsa
- Kusunthika pang'ono kwa lilime, milomo, ndi mthungo
- Zomwe sizimveka bwino
- Chizoloŵezi chosadziwika cha kulankhula
- Kuwopsya kapena kupuma kulankhula
- Chilankhulo kapena mawu ovuta kumva
- Kulephera kulankhula mokweza
Mitundu ya Dysarthria
Mitundu yonse ya dysarthria imadziwika ndi kulankhulana.
Ngati muli ndi dysarthria, mukamayankhula, mungazindikire kuti ma vowels anu amasiyanitsa.
Dysarthria ikhoza kukhala yofatsa, yochepa, kapena yovuta. Mlingo wa dysarthria umadalira kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la ubongo.
Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu mukukhudzidwa ndi dysarthria, mukhoza kuona chimodzi kapena zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyankhula za dysarthria. Zitsanzo izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Spastic dysarthria- Monga dzina limasonyezera, izi zimayankhula phokoso pamene mukuyesera kulankhula. Mtundu uwu wa dysarthria umayambitsidwa ndi tsamba la pyramidal, lomwe ndi njira mu ubongo yomwe imayendetsa magalimoto ntchito pamaso ndi thupi.
- Hyperkinetic dysarthria - Imeneyi ndi njira yopepuka yolankhula chifukwa cha zilonda za basal ganglia, yomwe ili m'dera la ubongo.
- Hypokinetic dysarthria - Iyi ndi njira yofulumira yogwirizanitsa ndi matenda a Parkinson.
- Ataxic dysarthria - Ichi ndi chilankhulo chosawonongeka chomwe chimawonongeka ndi cerebellum , chomwe chimayendetsa bwino ndi kugwirizana.
- Flaccid dysarthria - Izi ndizo "zofooka" zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yambiri, yomwe ndi mitsempha yomwe imawongolera molunjika minofu ndi pakamwa.
- Mixed dysarthria - Izi ndi zovuta kufotokoza kachitidwe ka mawu kamene kamayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa madera angapo a dongosolo lamanjenje, monga mapulaneti apamwamba kapena apansi.
Kuzindikira Dysarthria
Dysarthria ndi mawonekedwe ake aakulu, anarthria, amapezeka ndi dokotala. Gulu lanu la zamankhwala lidzamvetsera mwatcheru kuyankhula kwanu ndi mbiri yanu yachipatala, ndipo muyenera kuyembekezera kufufuza kwathunthu.
Chinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa mayesero otsatirawa angathe kuchitidwa kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa dysarthria.
- MRI
- CT scan
- Maphunziro ndi ubongo
- Mayeso a magazi
- Mayeso a mitsempha
- Kuthamanga kwa Lumbar
- Ubongo wotsutsa
Kuchiza kwa Dysarthria
Chilankhulo cha anthu odwala matenda amatha kudziwa njira yabwino yothandizira patatha kafukufuku wanu. Njira zosiyanasiyana zingagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi ya mankhwala.
Ngati minofu yanu ili yofooka kapena yowuma, mungafunike machitidwe oyenerana ndi vuto lanu. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala amaphatikizapo kuphatikizapo njira zakusangalatsa, machitidwe ophatikizana ndi maandila, kuphatikizapo isometrics, ndi kukakamiza mafoni.
Kusiyana pakati pa Aphasia ndi Dysarthria
Anarthria ndi dysarthria sizimayambitsa mavuto ndi chilankhulo cha chilankhulo kapena ndi mavuto kuganiza kapena kupeza mawu olondola. Aphasia , mosiyana, ndi vuto la kulankhula lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi vuto lobala komanso / kapena kumvetsetsa mawu chifukwa cha mavuto omwe ali ndi mbali imodzi kapena zingapo za ubongo zomwe zimayambitsa chinenero.
Anthu omwe amatha kumva masewero amatha kumvetsa mawu, koma sangathe kuyankhula momveka bwino. Dysarthria, yemwenso imatchedwa dysarthosis, ndi vuto la kulankhula pamagalimoto lomwe limakhudza kwambiri minofu yogwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula. Anarthria imachokera ku imfa yaikulu ya minofu yolankhula. Minofu yogwiritsidwa ntchito pamalankhula ndi minofu, milomo, pakamwa, phokoso, ndi phokoso.
Mawu Ochokera
Kukhala ndi dysarthria kungakhale kokhumudwitsa chifukwa zimakhala zovuta kulankhula, ndipo zingakhale zochititsa manyazi.
Dysarthria ikhoza kusintha pang'onopang'ono kapena kusintha kwathunthu, malingana ndi chifukwa. Ngati dysarthria sichiyenera kukuthandizani nokha, mankhwala ndi mazochita angakuthandizeni kukulitsa luso lanu loyankhula ndi kulankhulana bwino.
> Kuwerenga Kwambiri:
> Kulephera kwa Cerebellar mu Multiple Sclerosis, Wilkins A, Front Neurol. 2017 Jun 28; 8: 312. do: 10.3389 / fneur.2017.00312. eCollection 2017.