Hemodialysis ndi njira yamaphunziro yoperekedwa kwa odwala ali ndi impso kulephera kumene magazi amatengedwa kuchokera ku thupi la wodwala kupyolera mu dialysis kupeza ndi kuyeretsedwa mu makina a dialysis. Makina opanga dialysis amakhala ngati impso yokhazikika, ndipo amayesera kufotokoza zomwe impso za umunthu zimachita. Toxini amachotsedwa, madzi okwanira amachotsedwa, ndipo magazi oyera amabwezedwa kwa wodwalayo.
Hemodialysis ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala ochepetsa dialysis koma ndiyo njira yodziwika bwino yothetsera impso, makamaka ku United States. Zimakhala zofunika pamene ntchito ya impso imachepa mpaka pamene wodwalayo akuyamba kukula za matenda a impso, otchedwa uremia, omwe amawoneka pamodzi ndi mayesero osayenerera a impso (pamwamba pa creatinine ndi otsika GFR). Pofuna kulumitsa wodwalayo, kupeza dialysis kumafunika.
Nkhaniyi ndichidule cha mavuto omwe angapangidwe ndi wodwalayo pa hemodialysis, ndi kukambirana mwatsatanetsatane za zowonongeka, chimodzi mwa zovuta zomwe zimachitika pamene odwala akulandira dialyse. Komabe, iyi si mndandanda wokhudzana ndi zonse mwayeso iliyonse.
Zovuta Zambiri
Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Nausea
- Kuyabwa
- Mutu
- Ululu wammbuyo
- Kupweteka pachifuwa
- Kuthamanga
- Fever
- Mitsempha ya minofu
Njira zambiri zimayambitsa kusintha kumeneku.
Mlingo ndi chiwawa cha dialysis ndizofunikira. Mwachitsanzo, kupweteka kwakumbuyo kumawoneka mofanana ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi mofulumira pa dialysis. Chiwombankhanga, pamtundu wina, chikhoza kuchitika kuchokera ku matenda, koma kungakhalenso kotsutsana ndi dialyzer. Mavuto a pachifuwa pa dialysis amafunika kuthandizidwa mozama ndipo amatha kuchitika chifukwa cha madontho a m'magazi (kupangitsa kupatsirana m'magazi pamtima, amadziwika kuti myocardial ischemia ), komanso mobwerezabwereza kuchokera mumlengalenga kuti alowe, kapena kuti air embolism.
Pali ma alamu omwe amapangidwira kuti apite ku makina ambiri amakono a dialysis ngati chirichonse chiti chidziwike.
Zina mwa mavutowa akhoza kuchitika palimodzi, makamaka pamene wodwala atangoyamba kumene pa dialysis, ndipo izi zimatchedwa matenda a dialysis disequilibrium .
Chifukwa Chimene Odwala Amagwedeza pa Dialysis
Chimodzi mwa zovuta zokhudzana ndi matenda a dialyse, ziphuphu zimatha kukhalapo pamene hemodialysis ndi yamwano; ndiko pamene poizoni ambiri ndi madzimadzi amachotsedwa kwa wodwalayo mufupikitsa nthawi pa dialysis. Choncho sizingowonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi amachotsedwa, komanso kuti zimachotsedwa msanga bwanji. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, wodwala akhoza kukhala ndi malita awiri okha a madzi ochotsera pa nthawi ya mankhwala ake (osati ndalama zosadziwika), komabe, ngati ndalamayi itachotsedwa pamtunda wa ola limodzi lokha, zikhoza kuyambitsa ziphuphu zowonongeka.
Mitengo imakonda kugunda odwala omwe amawona kulemera kwakukulu pakati pa mankhwala ochepetsa dialyysis (inter-dialytic weight gain, kapena IDWG) mobwerezabwereza. Kwa anthu omwe ali kale pa dialysis, mungadziwe bwino mawu akuti "kulemera kwowuma." Musanayambe kulandira chithandizo cha dialysis othandizira odwala dialysis adzakulemetsani, ndipo muwerenge kuchuluka kwake komwe munapeza kuchokera kuchipatala choyambirira cha dialysis mutasiya (youma).
Kusiyana pakati pa kulemera kwanu ndi kulemera kwauma ndiko kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe nthawi zambiri amatha kuchotsedwa. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa ndalamazi, chiwopsezo choterechi chidzapangika Choncho, malangizo othandiza odwala matenda a dialysis ndi kuti asapindule kwambiri pakati pa mankhwala a dialysis. Choncho, odwala matenda a dialysis amayenera kuwonera momwe amadya kapena kumwa pakati pa mankhwala.
Kuteteza Cramping pa Dialysis
Zimene wodwalayo angachite: Pitirizani kulemera kwa dialytic pang'onopang'ono poyang'ana kuyamwa kwa madzi
Zimene othandizira dialysis angachite: kuchepetsani mlingo / kuchuluka kwa kutuluka kwa madzi panthawi ya chithandizo cha dialysis.
Lingalirani kuchepetsa kungapezeke mwa kupititsa patsogolo chithandizo cha dialysis, kotero kuti ngakhale kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa madzi akutha kuchoka kungakhale kofanana, kuchuluka kwa madzi ochotsedwa pa ola akadali otsika. Thupi limakhala ndi mwayi wabwino wotsatizana ndi kusintha kwa madzi komanso osachepera. Kuuma kolimba kungasinthidwe nthawi zina.
Kuchiza Dialysis Zokonza Zogwirizana
Palinso umboni wakuti vitamini E ndi mankhwala monga gabapentin angathandize ndi ziphuphu zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi dialyysis, ndipo akhoza kuyesedwa ndi odwala omwe amapundula kawirikawiri. Mankhwala otchedwa quinine omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azigwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinso, koma sakulimbikitsanso ndi FDA kupatsidwa chiopsezo chake.