Anortic aneurysm ndikuthamangitsidwa kwa aorta komweko, chinthu chachikulu m'thupi. Chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chimaonedwa kuti ndi vuto ndikuti nthawi zina mphuno zimatha kuphulika, zomwe zimayambitsa kuuluka koopsa mkati. Komabe, mavuto ena akuluakulu ndi otheka.
Kawirikawiri, mpweya wa aortic umayamba pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, kwa zaka zingapo, kotero usamakule mpaka kukula kumene kukutheka.
Zovuta zoterezi zimabweretsa zizindikiro zirizonse.
Komabe, nthawi zina, aneurysm ikhoza kukulirakulira mofulumira ndipo imakhala yaikulu kwambiri, kuchititsa zizindikiro. Zizindikiro izi ndi chizindikiro chakuti kuphulika kumakhala kosavuta. Pamene aortic aneurysm imataya chiopsezo cha imfa ndipamwamba kwambiri-ngakhale ngati opaleshoni yachangu imatha kuchitidwa. Pachifukwa ichi, anthu omwe ali ndi aneurysm amafunika kuyang'anitsitsa kuchipatala kotero kuti opaleshoni ikhoza kuchitidwa mofulumira asanafike.
Choncho, ndikofunikira kudziwa ngati aneorysm ya aortic ikuyambitsa zizindikiro. Madokotala amafunika kuchita mofulumira ngati wodwalayo ali ndi zifukwa zoopsa za aortic aneurysm imatanthauzanso zizindikiro zomwe zingayambidwe ndi kuchepa koteroko. Anthu awa ayenera kufufuzidwa pomwepo. Ndipo anthu amene amapezeka kuti ali ndi aortic aneurysm yaing'onoting'ono kapena yaying'ono, ndipo akuyang'anitsitsa, ayenera kudziwa zomwe zizindikiro zimayang'ana ndikufotokozera adokotala zizindikiro zoterezo nthawi yomweyo.
Mitundu ya Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za aortic aneurysm zimadalira, pamlingo winawake, ngati ndi thoric aortic aneurysm kapena m'mimba aortic aneurysm.
The aorta sizomwe zimakhala zazikulu zedi m'mitsuko m'thupi, ndilo lalitali kwambiri. Amayamba pa "pamwamba" pamtima kuti pamene mtima umakana magazi kuchokera kumapeto kwa ventricle ndi kudutsa valve ya aortic kupita ku aorta, magazi akukwera mmwamba, kumutu.
Mbali yoyamba ya aorta imatchedwa kukwera aorta (chifukwa imayendetsa magazi pamwamba).
Pamwamba pa chifuwa, pansi pa pakhosi, aorta imapanga U-kutembenuza-chomwe chimatchedwa chingwe cha aorta-ndipo chimathamangira pansi pamsana, kupyola pachifuwa ndiyeno pamimba. Izi zimatchedwa kutsika kwa aorta.
Pamapeto pake, aorta imapereka mitsempha yambiri ya magazi imene imapereka mutu, mikono, thorax, ndi ziwalo za m'mimba. Pomaliza, m'mimba ya pansi aorta imagawanika m'mitsempha iwiri yomwe imapereka miyendo.
Anurysm ikhoza kukula pena paliponse pa aorta. Ngati aneurysm ili pamwamba pa chithunzithunzi (kupuma kupuma pansi pa thorax) imatchedwa thoracic aortic aneurysm. Ngati ili pansi pa diaphragm, imatchedwa abdominal aurtic aneurysm. Pafupifupi 40% ya aortic aneurysms ndi thoracic, ndipo 60 peresenti m'mimba.
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Zizindikiro
Anurysm ya kukwera kwa aorta, aortic arch, kapena kutsika kwa aorta pamwamba pa diaphragm amatchedwa thoracic aortic aneurysm. Mofanana ndi anyortic aneurysm, izi zimayambira pang'ono ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono. Ngati izo zimakhala zazikulu zokwanira a thoracic aortic aneurysm zingayambitse mitundu yambiri ya zizindikiro, malingana ndi malo ake ndi momwe ziwalo zina za thupi zingayambikire impinge.
Izi zizindikiro zowonjezera ndizo:
- Kupweteka pachifuwa. Mavuto a pachifuwa amachitidwa ndi aortic aneurysm nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsa ndi kukwera kwa nyongolotsi, kapena kuvutika kwake komwe kumakhudza chingwecho. Mtundu uwu wa kupweteka pachifuwa, mosiyana ndi angina , nthawi zambiri siwokhudzana mwachindunji ndi kuchita.
- Ululu wammbuyo. Kupweteka kwapweteka kochokera ku thoracic aortic aneurysm nthawi zambiri kumamveka pakati pa mapewa, kapena pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ndi kuchepa kwa thoracic aorta.
- Kusokonezeka. Kuthamanga kwa aorta kukwera kapena aortic chigoba kumakhudza mitsempha yambiri yomwe imapangidwira, yomwe imapereka ndodo. Kumeneko kumayambitsa chingwe chakumwalira kungawonongeke.
- Kukuda . Anerysm ya kukwera kwa aorta kapena chipilala ikhoza kuwonetsa pa airways, kutulutsa chifuwa.
- Dyspnea (kupuma pang'ono). Pazifukwa zofanana, kuvutika kwamtundu wa aorta kapena arch kumayambitsa dyspnea .
Mimba ya m'mimba ya Aortic Aneurysm Zizindikiro
Mimba ya m'mimba ya aortic isurysm sichikhoza kuyambitsa zizindikiro kusiyana ndi matenda a thoracic aurtic chifukwa pali zambiri "malo" m'mimba kuti aneurysm ikule musanakhudze ziwalo zina za thupi. Ngati zizindikiro zimachitika, nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza kuti aneurysm ndi yaikulu ndipo / kapena ikukula mofulumira. Zizindikiro izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Ululu wammbuyo. Kupweteka kumbuyo kuchokera kumimba kwa m'mimba kwa aortic kumapweteka kumamveka kumapeto kwa kumbuyo, pamunsi pa chithunzithunzi.
- Mimba yovuta m'mimba. Mimba ya m'mimba ya aortic imatha kubweretsa mavuto aakulu, osautsa, kupweteka, kapena "kukhuta" m'mimba.
- Kumverera kotupa. Ngati mimba ya aortic aneurysm imakhala yayikulu mokwanira, ikhoza kutulutsa chifuwa chokhumudwitsa mu chigawochi.
Mavuto
Ngati simunakambirane, mavutowa akhoza kuchitika.
Kutuluka
Chofunika kwambiri ndi zomwe zimawopsya kwambiri ndi aortic aneurysm imatha. Kupweteka kwa magazi kumakhala kawirikawiri, ndipo kumayambitsa kuuluka kwakukulu mkati. Zizindikiro za kupweteka zimayambira ndi ululu mwadzidzidzi mu chifuwa kapena kumbuyo, zimatsatira mofulumira ndi zizindikiro, kufooka kwakukulu, ndi kufooka, kukhumudwa , ndi kutaya chidziwitso.
Kugwa kwa mtima kumakhala mofulumira kwambiri moti, ngakhale kuyesayesa kungapangidwe kuti opaleshoni ikonzeke kupasuka, kufa kuli kwakukulu kwambiri. Ngati aortic aneurysm iyenera kukonzedwa bwinobwino, opaleshoni imeneyi nthawi zonse imafunika kuchitidwa mwatsatanetsatane kusanachitike.
Aortic Dissection
Kuthamanga kwa aortic ndi misozi mkati mwa chida cha aorta, chomwe chikhoza kuchitika kumalo alionse ofooka mu khoma la aortic. Magazi othamanga angalowetse misozi, mwachangu kulekanitsa zigawo za khoma la aortic. Pamene kusokonezeka kotereku kumachitika, nthawi zambiri ozunzidwa amatha kupweteka, kupweteka, kupweteka kapena kupweteka mu chifuwa kapena kumbuyo.
Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya m'magazi ndi magazi komwe kawirikawiri kumabwera chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chidziwitso, kupwetekedwa, kupweteka kwa thupi, kuwonongeka kwa thupi, kapena imfa. Kusokonezeka kwa Aortic kungatheke ngakhale palibe aortic aneurysm ilipo, koma kukhalapo kwa aneurysm kumapangitsa kusokonezeka kwambiri.
Aortic Kubwezera
Chinthu chinanso chimene chingayambitse chifukwa cha aortic aneurysm ndi aortic regurgitation (a leaky aortic valve). Izi zingatheke chifukwa cha anurysm ya kukwera aorta, nthawi yomweyo pamwamba pa valve aortic.
Ma aorta ochepa kwambiri pamalo ano akhoza kusokoneza valavu ya aortic yomwe imapangitsa kuti valve iwonongeke. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zozizwitsa za aortic, kuphatikizapo dyspnea, kupweteka pachifuwa, palpitations, arrhythmias mtima , ndi mtima kulephera .
Kawirikawiri, ndipamene anthuwa akuyang'anitsitsa kuti aortic awo ayambirenso bwino chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa vuto-kukwera kwa aortic aneurysm-amadziwika.
Magazi Amagazi
Nthaŵi zina, magazi amatha kupanga mbali ya aorta, komwe magazi amatha kusokonezeka ndipo malo omwe angakhalepo angapangidwe. Mphuno ya magazi mu aorta ikhoza kumangirira (kusiya) ndikuyenda pafupifupi pafupifupi lirilonse lirilonse la thupi, nthawi zambiri limapweteka kwambiri.
> Zotsatira:
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> Moll FL, Powell JT, Fraedrich G, et al. Management Of Abdominal Aortic Manorysms Clinical Practice Guide Of The European Society For Vascular Surgery. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2011; 41 Pemphani 1: S1.