Ndi zakudya zambiri zomwe timakumbukira lero, ambirife timadziwika ndi anthu ochimwa E. coli ndi salmonella . Komabe, kuipitsidwa ndi bakiteriya listeria monocytogenes ndi kotheka, kotero muyenera kudziwa za izo.
Listeria matenda (listeriosis) amapezeka pamene munthu adya chakudya chodetsedwa ndi mabungwe a listeria monocytogenes .
Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu nyama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga agalu otentha komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Mkaka wakuda kapena wosasakanizidwa ndi mankhwala omwe amapangidwa nawo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi listeria. Anthu ambiri wathanzi omwe amadya zakudya zimenezi sangapeze listeriosis ngakhale mankhwalawa atayipitsidwa.
Amene ali pangozi
Anthu ambiri wathanzi omwe amadya zakudya zowonongeka ndi listeria monocytogenes sadzadwala. Ena akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa koma ambiri a ife sangazidziwe. Komabe, pali magulu ena a anthu amene angakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi mabakiteriyawa.
Amene ali pachiopsezo chachikulu ndi awa:
- Azimayi: Amayi oyembekezera amakhala ndi mwayi wokwana listeriosis kuposa anthu ambiri. Pafupifupi asanu ndi limodzi mwa asanu ndi limodzi omwe ali ndi vuto loti laisteriosis ndi mayi woyembekezera. Listeriosis ingayambitse mavuto aakulu panthawi yoyembekezera.
- Ana obadwa: Amanda omwe amangoyamwa kumene amatha kulandira listeriosis pamene amayi awo amadya chakudya chodetsedwa. Matendawa angayambitse mavuto.
- Anthu Amene Ali ndi Njira Zowonongeka Zowonongeka: Anthu omwe asokoneza chitetezo cha mthupi, khansara, shuga, uchidakwa, chiwindi kapena matenda a impso kapena Edzi ali pangozi yaikulu ya mavuto omwe amabwera chifukwa cha matendawa. Anthu omwe ali ndi Edzi amakhala ndi mwayi wokwanira kudwala matendawa.
- Okalamba Achikulire
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za listeriosis zimayambira ndi zizindikiro za m'mimba zizindikiro monga kutsegula m'mimba ndi mimba. Komabe, akapezeka, zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimatsatiridwa ndi:
- Fever
- Muscle Aches
- Mutu
- Khosi lamtundu
- Kusokonezeka
- Kutaya malire
- Kusokonezeka (kugwidwa)
Azimayi ali m'magulu akuluakulu omwe ali pa chiopsezo chotchedwa listeriosis ndi zizindikiro pamene mimba ili yosiyana ndi ya ena. Azimayi omwe ali ndi listeriosis amakhala ndi zizindikiro za chimfine koma matendawa amatha ku:
- Kutuluka kunja
- Kubadwanso
- Kubereka msanga
- Matenda owopsyeza moyo mwa khanda
Njira Zothandizira
Matenda a Listeria amachizidwa ndi maantibayotiki. Aliyense amene ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi laisteriosis omwe amakumana ndi zizindikiro za chimfine mkati mwa miyezi iwiri yodya zakudya zonyansa (paziphuphu zodziwika) ayenera kupita kuchipatala.
Listeriosis ikhoza kupha imfa, ngakhale atachiritsidwa. Pafupifupi imfa zonse zokhudzana ndi listeria zimachitika kwa omwe ali pangozi yaikulu.
Kupewa
Njira yabwino yothetsera matenda a listeria ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera zotetezera chakudya.
Sambani Manja Anu: Kusamba m'manja bwino pamene mukukonzekera chakudya musanadye n'kofunikira kuti muteteze mtundu uliwonse wa matenda obwera chifukwa cha zakudya.
Onetsetsani Kuti Zakudya Zanu Zatsukidwa Kotheratu ndi Kuphika Kwambiri: Zakudya zoledzeredwa ndi zamasamba ndizo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimawonetsa listeria. Onetsetsani kuti mumatsuka bwino zipatso zanu ndi ndiwo zamasamba (makamaka zomwe simungathe kuziphika) ndikuphika nyama zonse kuti zikhale zotentha. Ngakhale ngati zokolola zidzasungunuka, ziyenera kutsukidwa poyamba. Gwiritsani zakudya zopangidwa ndi zophika ndi zophika komanso osayika zakudya zophika m'mabolo kapena mbale zomwe zasunga nyama yaiwisi.
Zakudya ziyenera kuphikidwa mpaka kutentha kwawo kwa mkati kufika:
- Nkhuku: madigiri 165 F
- Ng'ombe: 145 madigiri F
- Nkhumba: madigiri 145 F
Zakudya za pansizi ziyenera kuphikidwa mpaka zikhale zofiirira mpaka mkati mwake kutentha kwake kumakhala madigiri 160 F (ng'ombe, nkhumba, ng'ombe, ndi mwanawankhosa) kapena 165 degrees F (Turkey ndi nkhuku).
Sungani Malo Oyenera Pa Kutentha: Kusunga chakudya pa kutentha kwabwino ndikofunika kuti tipewe kukula kwa listeria monocytogenes . Mafiriji ayenera kukhala pansi pa madigiri 40 F ndi mafiriji pansi pa madigiri 0 F. Komabe, listeria akhoza kukula pa zakudya zina ngakhale m'firiji.
Zomwe Zidzasamalidwe kwa Anthu Amene Ali Pangozi Yapamwamba: Chifukwa chakuti loyisteriosis ikhoza kukhala yaikulu kwambiri kwa magulu akuluakulu omwe ali ndi amayi oyembekezera, ndi bwino kupewa zakudya zina.
CDC imalimbikitsa kuti anthu omwe ali m'magulu akuluakulu amodzi asadye agalu otentha, zakudya zokha, kuzizira kapena kuzizira pokhapokha ngati atenthedwa mpaka madigiri 160 F asanayambe kutumikira. Musadye tchizi zofewa monga feta, brie, kapena queso blanco pokhapokha chizindikirocho chimatanthawuza kuti chinapangidwa ndi mkaka wosakanizidwa. Musadye nsomba zafodya zomwe zimasuta fodya monga lox kapena nsomba yosuta fodya pokhapokha ngati ikuphatikizidwa mu mbale yophika kapena imatumikiridwa mu phukusi lazitsulo osati m'malo opangira firiji kapena opatsa. Musadye nyama yafriji yofalikira kapena paté (yogulitsidwa mu firiji kapena gawo lachilendo) zomwe sizakhazikika.
Zotsatira:
"Tanthauzo" Listeriosis (Listeria) 07 Oct 11. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Anthu Oopsya" Listeriosis (Listeria) 31 Jan 12. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Ophikira Ochepa Omwe Amakhala Ophikira Okhazikika" Sungani Chakudya Chokhazikika. FoodSafety.gov. Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States.
"Kupewa" Listeriosis (Matenda a Listeria) 17 Oct 11. Makampani a US ku matenda ndi kuteteza matenda.
"Kuchiza ndi Zotsatira" Listeriosis (matenda a Listeria) 27 Sep 11. Makampani a US ku matenda ndi kuteteza matenda.