Malungo, omwe amadziwika kuti matenda a Plasmodium, ndi matenda a parasitic-amatanthauza kuti alowa m'thupi kudzera mu kuluma kwa udzudzu. Ming'angayo imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ndipo imaipereka kwa munthuyo.
Ngakhale kuti plasmodium tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndizo zimayambitsa matenda, zachilengedwe ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo zimathandizira. Fufuzani zomwe zimayambitsa komanso zomwe sizikupezeka kawirikawiri-zingakuthandizeni kupewa matenda a malungo.
Kutumiza kwa Parasitic
Pali mitundu inayi ya mavitamini a Plasmodium omwe amachititsa kuti matenda a malungo aumunthu azichitika. Ali:
- P. falciparum: Mitundu yomwe imayanjanitsidwa ndi mtundu woopsa kwambiri wa kachilombo, ndipo imayambitsa matenda.
- P. vivax : Mwazofala kwambiri.
- P. malariae : Zimayambitsa matenda oopsa kwambiri.
- P. ovale : Kodi ndi yochepa.
Matendawa angalowe m'thupi mwako chifukwa cha udzudzu wa anopheles wamkazi, womwe umakhala ngati vector (carrier). Udzudzu umenewu ukhoza kukhala ndi moyo m'madera otentha, ndipo nyengo izi ndizo zomwe matendawa amafalitsidwa. Ming'onotingowo imapeza kachilomboka mwa kuluma munthu amene ali ndi kachilomboka.
Mmene Majeremusi Amayambitsa Matenda
Mitundu yonse ya tizilombo toyambitsa malungo imachititsa zochitika zosiyanasiyana kuti zichitike m'thupi lonse, zomwe zimabala zizindikiro za matenda.
Pambuyo pa udzudzu wonyalanyaza malungo kwa munthu, mawonekedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, sporozoite, amalowa m'chiwindi cha munthu, kumene amabereka ndikulowera siteji yatsopano pamoyo wake, gawo la merozoite.
Merozoites, omwe amapangidwa m'chiwindi, alowe m'maselo ofiira. Mafomu a merozoite amafotokozera mkati mwa maselo ofiira a magazi, kuwapangitsa kupasuka, kumasula mankhwala omwe amabweretsa zotsatira zambiri za malungo, monga fever, chills, ndi aches. Merozoites omwe amamasulidwa pamene maselo ofiira aphulika amatha kuyenda mu thupi lonse, kulowa m'maselo ena ofiira a magazi.
Nthawi zina, zotsatira zowopsa zimakhalapo ndipo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa matenda a magazi tingawononge ziwalo za thupi monga ubongo, mtima, mapapo, kapena impso.
Zochepa Zochepa Zomwe Zimayambitsa
Pali zochitika zambiri zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a malungo.
Kutha kwa Chitetezo cha Mthupi
Mungathe kutenga kachilombo ka malungo ngakhale mutakhala ndi chitetezo cha m'thupi, koma anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kuphatikizapo kachilombo ka HIV, amakhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa za matendawa.
Mimba
Azimayi omwe ali ndi mimba ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a malungo. Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti izi zikhalepo, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi-chomwe chingathe kubwezeretsa kachilombo ka HIV-kapenanso kuchepetsa chitetezo cha mthupi-chomwe chimapangitsa kuti amayi omwe ali ndi pakati atenge kachilombo ka HIV.
Makanda obadwa kumene-Kutuluka Kuchokera Kwa Amayi Awo
Ana ena akhoza kubadwa ndi matenda a malungo, kupeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera kwa mayi, osati kuchokera ku vector wa udzudzu.
Kuika Magazi
Pakhala palipoti za matenda a malungo omwe afalikira kuchokera kwa munthu mmodzi kupita ku mzake kudzera mwa kuika magazi . Muzochitika izi, wopereka mwazi yemwe watenga matenda, kawirikawiri kuchokera ku vector wa udzudzu, kawirikawiri sanayambe atulukira zizindikiro za matenda.
Kusamutsidwa kwa maselo a magazi, omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka piritsi, kumatha kulola kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiziyenda bwino mkati mwa thupi la wolandira magazi.
Zochitika Zamoyo
Malaria ndi matenda omwe amapezeka m'madera ena ndi nyengo yozizira komanso madzi ochulukirapo, komwe amatha kukhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zamoyo zimatha kugwira ntchito ngati muli ndi kachilomboka kapena ayi.
Kukhala m'deralo ndi Mpata Wapatali wa Malungo
Kukhala m'madera omwe amadziwika ndi malungo ambiri kumawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka.
Ngakhale kuti anthu ena okhala m'madera omwe ali ndi malungo ambiri amatha kukhala ndi chitetezo chamthupi, ambiri omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino omwe ali ndi machitidwe okhudzana ndi chitetezo chakumthupi amakhala ndi mavuto aakulu ndipo akhoza kufa chifukwa cha matendawa.
Kuyendera Madera Omwe Ali ndi Mpata Wapatali wa Malungo
Oyendayenda omwe amayendera madera omwe ali ndi malungo ambiri akhoza kutenga kachilombo ka HIV, makamaka chifukwa alendo omwe sanafike ku matendawa asanakhale ndi chitetezo cha matendawa.
Zinthu Zachilengedwe
Zina zimawonjezera malungo, kuphatikizapo malaya otetezera, malo ogona ogona, kusowa kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi kusowa kwa katemera. Makamaka poyenda, yesetsani kusamala.
> Zotsatira:
> Alho RM, Machado KV, Val FF, et al. Njira zowonjezereka zoyendetsera matenda a malungo: Kuwonetsa mwatsatanetsatane malungo opatsirana ku America, Malar J. 2017 Feb 15; 16 (1): 78. lembani: 10.1186 / s12936-017-1726-y.
> Mbale EW, Moxon CA, Mukaka M, et al. Kuika kachilombo koyambitsa HIV kumakhudza kuyankha kotupa koma osati zotsatira za malungo a ana a Malawi, J Infect. 2016 Sep; 73 (3): 189-99. do: 10.1016 / j.jinf.2016.05.012. Epub 2016 Jun 14.